Question 1

Learning to delay gratification promotes

Accepted Answer

C

Question 2

An elaborate ceremony used to celebrate a person's emergence into adulthood is an example of

Accepted Answer

An elaborate ceremony used to celebrate a person's emergence into adulthood is known as a rite of passage. This ceremony marks the transition from childhood to adulthood and is found in many cultures worldwide. Examples of such ceremonies include Bar/Bat Mitzvahs, Quinceañeras, and initiation rituals.

Question 3

Erikson suggested that the adolescent search for identity is followed by a developing capacity for

Accepted Answer

Erikson proposed that the search for identity during adolescence is followed by a developing capacity for intimacy in young adulthood. This involves the ability to form close, meaningful relationships with others based on mutual trust, respect, and emotional intimacy.

Question 4

A developmental stage between adolescent dependence and responsible adulthood is called

Accepted Answer

Emerging adulthood refers to the stage of life that occurs between the ages of 18 and 25, during which individuals are no longer adolescents but have not fully taken on the responsibilities associated with adulthood. This stage is characterized by exploration, experimentation, and personal growth in various aspects of life, including career, education, relationships, and identity development. It is considered a distinct developmental stage because it is marked by significant changes in cognitive, social, and emotional functioning, as well as by the need for increased self-reliance and decision-making abilities.

Question 5

Primary sex characteristics are to ________ as secondary sex characteristics are to ________.

Accepted Answer

Primary sex characteristics refer to the body structures directly involved in reproduction, such as male testes and female ovaries. Secondary sex characteristics are traits that emerge during puberty but are not directly involved in reproduction, such as a deepened male voice or underarm hair.

Question 6

Fourteen-year-old Lisa was asked,"What would happen if everyone in the world suddenly went blind?" She responded,"Those who had previously been blind would become leaders." Lisa's answer indicates she is in the ________ stage of development.

Accepted Answer

In the formal operational stage, individuals start thinking about hypothetical situations and abstract concepts. Lisa's response indicates that she is thinking about the hypothetical situation of everyone in the world suddenly going blind and the potential outcomes that may result. This type of thinking is characteristic of the formal operational stage of development.

Question 7

According to Erikson,achieving a sense of identity is the special task of the

Accepted Answer

Erikson believed that adolescence is the stage where the special task is establishing a sense of identity. During this stage, individuals are exploring different roles and possibilities, trying to form a unique sense of self in relation to their social and cultural context.

Question 8

Adolescence is typically a time of

Accepted Answer

The answer of Adolescence is typically a time of
...

Question 9

According to Erikson,teens who suffer role confusion have not yet

Accepted Answer

Teens suffering from role confusion have not yet solidified a sense of identity, which is the key developmental challenge of adolescence according to Erikson's theory. The other options (A, B, C) refer to earlier stages of development and are not directly related to the issue of identity formation.

Question 10

Research indicates that the high school girls who have the most affectionate relationships with their mothers also tend to

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that high school girls who have a strong bond with their mothers often have stronger and more intimate relationships with their female friends. This is likely because girls view their mothers as role models for relationships and learn how to form close, affectionate bonds with others from their mother-daughter relationship. Girls who have less affectionate relationships with their mothers may struggle to form close relationships with others, including friends.

Question 11

Sixteen-year-old Brenda questions her parents' values but does not fully accept her friends' standards either. Her confusion about what she really wants and values in life suggests that Brenda is struggling with the problem of

Accepted Answer

Brenda's questioning of her own values and identity is a classic manifestation of the struggle to develop a sense of self-identity that characterizes the stage of adolescence. Autonomy refers to a related concept but is more focused on a sense of independence and self-reliance, while initiative and integrity relate to earlier developmental stages.

Question 12

Erikson would have suggested that adolescents can most effectively develop a sense of identity by

Accepted Answer

Erikson believed that adolescents develop a sense of identity through a process called identity exploration. This involves considering various roles and values that are important to them, such as occupational and social roles. By exploring different options and evaluating their personal suitability, adolescents can create a sense of identity that feels authentic to them. Seeking a lifelong romantic relationship may be important to some adolescents, but it is not the only way to develop a sense of identity. Likewise, severing emotional ties with childhood friends or adopting values recommended by parents may not lead to a strong sense of self.

Question 13

Thirteen-year-old Ryan has begun to challenge many of his parents' values and to express his own set of highly idealistic standards. Compare and contrast the explanations for Ryan's behavior that would be given by Kohlberg and by Erikson.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Thirteen-year-old Ryan has begun to challenge many...

Question 14

Branden is so apathetic about his occupational future that within two years of his high school graduation he had already been fired by four different employers. According to Erikson,Branden best illustrates

Accepted Answer

Branden's apathy towards his occupational future and inability to maintain employment suggests a lack of a clear sense of identity and confusion about his role in society. This aligns with Erikson's concept of role confusion or identity diffusion, which refers to a lack of clear and stable identity.

Question 15

An awareness of your distinctive status as an international student in a university far from your homeland best illustrates a sense of

Accepted Answer

Social identity refers to the part of an individual's self-concept that is based on their membership in a social group. Being an international student in a foreign university highlights a unique group membership, which can contribute to a sense of social identity. Stranger anxiety might apply to the initial discomfort or fear associated with being in an unfamiliar setting or around unfamiliar people, but it does not fully capture the ongoing experience of being an international student. Postconventional morality refers to the highest level of moral reasoning according to Lawrence Kohlberg's theory, and is not related to this scenario. Insecure attachment is a term used to describe difficulties in forming close and trusting relationships, and is not specific to the experience of being an international student.

Question 16

According to Erikson,trust is to infancy as identity is to

Accepted Answer

Erikson's theory of psychosocial development states that identity formation is a key task during adolescence. Trust is the key task during infancy, and while identity continues to develop throughout adolescence and adulthood, it is considered a primary task during adolescence. Therefore, the best choice is D, adolescence.

Question 17

Critics of Kohlberg's theory of moral development have suggested that postconventional morality is more characteristic of ________ than of ________.

Accepted Answer

Critics argue that Kohlberg's theory, which emphasizes individual rights and justice, is more applicable to individualist societies like those found in Western cultures, where individualism is highly valued. In collectivist societies, where the well-being of the group is prioritized, moral decision-making may be different and postconventional morality may not be as common.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes adolescent self-esteem?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following best describes adolescent...

Question 19

Adolescents are most likely to be influenced by their parents with respect to ________,and they are most likely to be influenced by their peers with respect to ________.

Accepted Answer

Adolescents often look up to their parents for guidance on long-term decisions and values such as career aspirations, while peers significantly influence immediate, day-to-day choices and social behaviors, including clothing preferences.

Question 20

Today's earlier female sexual maturation is especially likely among

Accepted Answer

The answer of Today's earlier female sexual maturation is especially...

Quiz 27: The Ups and Downs of Love