Question 1

People in a group (especially a group of strangers)are less likely to offer help to a person in need than is a single individual.Of the following,which is the best explanation for this tendency?

Accepted Answer

Diffusion of responsibility occurs when individuals feel less personally responsible for taking action in a group setting, as the presence of others creates a sense that someone else will step up to help. Therefore, people in a group are less likely to offer help to a person in need.

Question 2

In general,which of the following factors decreases the probability that a given person will come to the aid of a person in distress?

Accepted Answer

The presence of other people can lead to a diffusion of responsibility, where each individual feels less personal responsibility to act because they assume others might intervene. This phenomenon is known as the bystander effect.

Question 3

To measure the maturity of someone's moral judgments,Kohlberg devised a series of __________,problems that pit one moral value against another.

Accepted Answer

Kohlberg devised a series of moral dilemmas to measure the maturity of someone's moral judgments. These are situations in which one moral value conflicts with another, and the individual must make a decision based on their moral reasoning. Examples include the Heinz dilemma, where someone must decide whether to steal medication to save their spouse's life or not.

Question 4

Somebody who studies the everyday behaviors of more or less normal people and their relationships with other such people would be a

Accepted Answer

A social psychologist studies the interactions and relationships between people and how they are influenced by social factors such as culture, gender, and norms. This includes studying everyday behaviors of normal people in their social context. Cognitive psychologists focus more on mental processes and behavior psychologists on specific behaviors, while clinical psychologists deal with mental illness and disorders.

Question 5

The prisoner's dilemma is a situation in which

Accepted Answer

In the prisoner's dilemma, the best choice for each individual is often to act in their own self-interest, even though this may ultimately harm the group as a whole. However, if both individuals cooperate and make a joint decision that benefits the group, they both stand to benefit more in the long run. Thus, while the individual's first instinct may be to act selfishly, the better choice is to cooperate and work towards the greater good.

Question 6

It is good to help other people,but only because they may one day return the favor.This sentiment best represents which of Kohlberg's levels of morality?

Accepted Answer

This sentiment is rooted in a self-interested motivation of potential reciprocity, demonstrating an egoistic concern for one's own benefit. This aligns with Kohlberg's preconventional level of morality, which is characterized by a focus on avoiding punishment and seeking reward.

Question 7

The prisoner's dilemma is an attempt to investigate

Accepted Answer

The prisoner's dilemma is an experiment in game theory that aims to explore the dynamics of cooperation and competition between individuals. It involves two players who must decide whether to cooperate or betray each other for personal gain, with the outcome determined by their combined actions. The results of the experiment help researchers understand how people make decisions and interact with each other in situations of conflict and mutual benefit.

Question 8

Our beliefs and expectations about groups of people can lead to prejudice and discrimination.Define these two distinct but related terms.Explain why researchers have developed measures such as the Implicit Association Test to assess stereotypes and prejudices.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Our beliefs and expectations about groups of...

Question 9

Social psychology research has revealed that other people can encourage us to do something we would not have done on our own,and they can inhibit us from doing something that we would have done on our own.One example of this is social loafing.Define social loafing and describe two examples of situations when individuals do NOT engage in social loafing.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Social psychology research has revealed that other...

Question 10

In the Public Goods game,when someone punishes and gains nothing except a sense of justice,it is called

Accepted Answer

When someone punishes in the Public Goods game, even when they gain nothing personally except a sense of justice, it is considered altruistic punishment. This is because they are punishing others for the greater good of society, even though it may not benefit them personally. Option A, just treatment, implies that the punishment is deserved, but it does not take into account the motivation behind the punishment. Option C, equality treatment, does not fit the scenario described in the question. Option D, equal punishment, is also not applicable as the question does not mention anything about punishment being distributed equally among all players.

Question 11

Originally,____________________ cultures were thought to be more prone to conformity than ____________________ cultures.Most studies have found ____________________ between Japanese and American attitudes.
collectivist,individualist,no significant difference

Accepted Answer

The answer of Originally,____________________ cultures were thought to be more...

Question 12

To measure the maturity of someone's moral judgments,Kohlberg devised a series of

Accepted Answer

Kohlberg's method involved presenting individuals with hypothetical moral dilemmas and analyzing their reasoning and decision-making processes. This allowed him to assess their level of moral development and categorize them into one of six stages. Therefore, the correct choice is A, moral dilemmas.

Question 13

We want to understand why people behave as they do.One method we use is to draw inferences about their reasons.Attribution is the set of thought processes we use to assign causes to our own behavior and that of others.Define internal attribution and external attribution.Describe the three types of information that Harold Kelley proposed we rely on when deciding whether to make an internal or external attribution for behavior.

Accepted Answer

The answer of We want to understand why people behave...

Question 14

It appears that reciprocity only works when:

Accepted Answer

Reciprocity only works when we can keep track of who returns favors and who does not. This is because the expectation of future interaction and the ability to recognize those who reciprocate and those who do not is what drives the reciprocity process. Without this ability to track and recognize, there is no incentive for individuals to behave in a reciprocal manner. Gender is not a determining factor in the effectiveness of reciprocity. The scenario of not being able to see each other and expecting no further contact actually reduces the likelihood of reciprocity, as it eliminates the expectation of future interaction.

Question 15

To investigate how situations evoke cooperation or competition,many researchers in psychology and economics have used the prisoner's dilemma.Define the prisoner's dilemma.

Accepted Answer

The answer of To investigate how situations evoke cooperation or...

Question 16

In the prisoner's dilemma,the most dependable strategy is __________,also called "tit for tat."

Accepted Answer

Reciprocity, also known as "tit for tat," is the most dependable strategy in the prisoner's dilemma because it involves responding to an opponent's previous move with a similar move. This strategy encourages cooperation and discourages betrayal, leading to the best possible outcome for both players. Aversivity (A) and sharing (B) are not effective strategies for the prisoner's dilemma, and scientific management (D) is not applicable to this scenario.

Question 17

Psychologists Latane and Darley propose that no one helped Kitty Genovese when she was attacked near her apartment in New York in 1964 because

Accepted Answer

Latane and Darley's research, inspired by the Kitty Genovese case, led to the development of the bystander effect theory, which suggests that individuals are less likely to offer help to a victim when other people are present. The more bystanders there are, the less personal responsibility individuals feel to take action, as they believe someone else will intervene. This phenomenon is attributed to a diffusion of responsibility among the bystanders.

Question 18

In a prisoner's dilemma,two prisoners have agreed with each other that they will not confess.Now each of them is offered a deal: "If you confess,we will punish your friend harshly but let you off easy." The probability that they will both cooperate with each other (instead of confessing)is increased if they

Accepted Answer

The answer of In a prisoner's dilemma,two prisoners have agreed...

Question 19

In the Prisoner's Dilemma,people often make a self-defeating decision because

Accepted Answer

In the Prisoner's Dilemma, individuals often make a self-defeating decision because what seems personally beneficial to each person is actually harmful to the group as a whole. Therefore, the best choice would be to cooperate and make decisions that benefit the group, rather than just oneself.

Question 20

In the prisoner's dilemma,what is done to encourage accused people to confess?

Accepted Answer

In the prisoner's dilemma, accused people are often offered a lower penalty if they confess. This is done to encourage them to confess and turn against their co-conspirator, who is also facing the same dilemma. By offering a lower penalty, the authorities hope to incentivize the accused to betray their partner and confess to the crime. This strategy is commonly used in legal proceedings to extract information and secure convictions.

Quiz 13: Social Psychology

People in a group (especially a group of strangers) are less likely to offer help to a person in need than is a single individual.Of the following,which is the best explanation for this tendency?

In general,which of the following factors decreases the probability that a given person will come to the aid of a person in distress?

To measure the maturity of someone's moral judgments,Kohlberg devised a series of __________,problems that pit one moral value against another.

Somebody who studies the everyday behaviors of more or less normal people and their relationships with other such people would be a

The prisoner's dilemma is a situation in which

It is good to help other people,but only because they may one day return the favor.This sentiment best represents which of Kohlberg's levels of morality?

The prisoner's dilemma is an attempt to investigate

Our beliefs and expectations about groups of people can lead to prejudice and discrimination.Define these two distinct but related terms.Explain why researchers have developed measures such as the Implicit Association Test to assess stereotypes and prejudices.

In the Public Goods game,when someone punishes and gains nothing except a sense of justice,it is called

Originally, cultures were thought to be more prone to conformity than cultures.Most studies have found between Japanese and American attitudes. collectivist,individualist,no significant difference

To measure the maturity of someone's moral judgments,Kohlberg devised a series of

It appears that reciprocity only works when:

To investigate how situations evoke cooperation or competition,many researchers in psychology and economics have used the prisoner's dilemma.Define the prisoner's dilemma.

In the prisoner's dilemma,the most dependable strategy is __________,also called "tit for tat."

Psychologists Latane and Darley propose that no one helped Kitty Genovese when she was attacked near her apartment in New York in 1964 because

In the Prisoner's Dilemma,people often make a self-defeating decision because

In the prisoner's dilemma,what is done to encourage accused people to confess?

Quiz 13: Social Psychology

People in a group (especially a group of strangers) are less likely to offer help to a person in need than is a single individual.Of the following,which is the best explanation for this tendency?

In general,which of the following factors decreases the probability that a given person will come to the aid of a person in distress?

To measure the maturity of someone's moral judgments,Kohlberg devised a series of __________,problems that pit one moral value against another.

Somebody who studies the everyday behaviors of more or less normal people and their relationships with other such people would be a

The prisoner's dilemma is a situation in which

It is good to help other people,but only because they may one day return the favor.This sentiment best represents which of Kohlberg's levels of morality?

The prisoner's dilemma is an attempt to investigate

Our beliefs and expectations about groups of people can lead to prejudice and discrimination.Define these two distinct but related terms.Explain why researchers have developed measures such as the Implicit Association Test to assess stereotypes and prejudices.

In the Public Goods game,when someone punishes and gains nothing except a sense of justice,it is called

Originally,____________________ cultures were thought to be more prone to conformity than ____________________ cultures.Most studies have found ____________________ between Japanese and American attitudes. collectivist,individualist,no significant difference

To measure the maturity of someone's moral judgments,Kohlberg devised a series of

It appears that reciprocity only works when:

To investigate how situations evoke cooperation or competition,many researchers in psychology and economics have used the prisoner's dilemma.Define the prisoner's dilemma.

In the prisoner's dilemma,the most dependable strategy is __________,also called "tit for tat."

Psychologists Latane and Darley propose that no one helped Kitty Genovese when she was attacked near her apartment in New York in 1964 because

In the Prisoner's Dilemma,people often make a self-defeating decision because

In the prisoner's dilemma,what is done to encourage accused people to confess?

Originally, cultures were thought to be more prone to conformity than cultures.Most studies have found between Japanese and American attitudes. collectivist,individualist,no significant difference