Question 1

The following questions refer to the poster below.

Library of Congress Prints & Photographs Division
-One major factor that would expand Virginia's need for posters like this one was

Accepted Answer

The poster is promoting the sale of slaves, indicating that there was a high demand for labor in Virginia at the time. However, the Emancipation Proclamation, which was issued in 1863, declared that all slaves in Confederate-held territory were to be declared free, which would have greatly reduced the supply of available labor in Virginia. Therefore, the need for posters promoting the sale of slaves would have increased due to the impact of the Emancipation Proclamation.

Question 2

"This infamous decision of the Slaveholding wing of the Supreme Court maintains that slaves are within the contemplation of the Constitution of the United States,property...The Constitution,as well as the Declaration of Independence,and the sentiments of the founders of the Republic,give us a platform broad enough to support the most comprehensive plans for the freedom and elevation of all the people of this country."
Frederick Douglass,May 1857
-Which of the following later historical developments aided blacks in gaining their freedom and liberty?

Accepted Answer

The approval of Amendments to the Constitution, such as the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments, played a significant role in abolishing slavery and granting citizenship and equal protection under the law to African Americans.

Question 3

The following questions refer to the excerpt below.
"I told him I thought that every man,when he was free,could have his rights and protect [himself].He said,"The colored people could never protect themselves among the white people.So you had all better stay with the white people who raised you and make contracts with them to work by the year for one-fifth of all you make.And next year you can get one-third,and the next you maybe work for one-half you make.We have contracts for you all to sign,to work for one-twentieth you make from now until the crop is ended,and then next year you all can make another crop and get more of it.""
Senate Report 693,46th Congress,2nd Session,1880
-The farming conditions,as described in the excerpt,

Accepted Answer

The excerpt describes how the white people in power were offering contracts for the black workers to sign, which obligated them to give up a significant portion of their earnings from the crops. This created a form of debt that lasted for several years, as the workers were never able to earn enough to fully pay off their obligations. Therefore, option B is the best choice as it accurately reflects the conditions described in the excerpt.

Question 4

The following questions refer to the excerpt below.
"Let us now glance at a few of the popular objections to liberal divorce laws… To open the doors of escape to those who dwell in continual antagonism,to the unhappy wives of drunkards,libertines,knaves,lunatics,and tyrants,need not necessarily embitter the relations of those who are contented and happy,but on the contrary the very fact of freedom strengthens and purifies the bond of union.When husbands and wives…are bound together only by affection,marriage will be a life long friendship and not a heavy yoke,from which both may sometimes long for deliverance…"
Elizabeth Cady Stanton,"Home Life",1875
-As depicted in the excerpt,by liberalizing divorce laws for women,

Accepted Answer

The excerpt argues that liberalizing divorce laws will allow women to escape from miserable marriages, including those with drunkards, libertines, knaves, lunatics, and tyrants. The author claims that this will not necessarily harm the relationships of contented and happy couples, but instead strengthen the bond of marriage when based on affection rather than obligation. The excerpt does not suggest that the moral fabric of society will be weakened or that the structure of family life will be undermined, nor does it discuss women losing political or economic power.

Question 5

"This infamous decision of the Slaveholding wing of the Supreme Court maintains that slaves are within the contemplation of the Constitution of the United States,property...The Constitution,as well as the Declaration of Independence,and the sentiments of the founders of the Republic,give us a platform broad enough to support the most comprehensive plans for the freedom and elevation of all the people of this country."
Frederick Douglass,May 1857
-The arguments presented here by Frederick Douglass were echoed by which of the following groups in the same era?

Accepted Answer

Women's rights activists, such as Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony, also argued that the Constitution and Declaration of Independence provided a broad platform for the freedom and equality of all people, including women. However, neither the Know Nothings nor Irish immigrants nor Mexican War veterans were known for advocating such positions during this time period.

Question 6

The following questions refer to the excerpt below.
"I told him I thought that every man,when he was free,could have his rights and protect [himself].He said,"The colored people could never protect themselves among the white people.So you had all better stay with the white people who raised you and make contracts with them to work by the year for one-fifth of all you make.And next year you can get one-third,and the next you maybe work for one-half you make.We have contracts for you all to sign,to work for one-twentieth you make from now until the crop is ended,and then next year you all can make another crop and get more of it.""
Senate Report 693,46th Congress,2nd Session,1880
-One reason for the development of the system described in this excerpt was that

Accepted Answer

The system described in the excerpt was a form of sharecropping, which developed because Southern plantation owners continued to own the majority of the region's land after the Civil War. Sharecropping allowed landowners to maintain control over their land and provided a way for newly freed African Americans to earn a living, albeit with very little autonomy or economic mobility. The other answer choices are not relevant to the development of sharecropping.

Question 7

The following questions refer to the excerpt below.
"I told him I thought that every man,when he was free,could have his rights and protect [himself].He said,"The colored people could never protect themselves among the white people.So you had all better stay with the white people who raised you and make contracts with them to work by the year for one-fifth of all you make.And next year you can get one-third,and the next you maybe work for one-half you make.We have contracts for you all to sign,to work for one-twentieth you make from now until the crop is ended,and then next year you all can make another crop and get more of it.""
Senate Report 693,46th Congress,2nd Session,1880
-The economic system described in the excerpt above is known as

Accepted Answer

The economic system described in the excerpt is sharecropping, where farmers (often former slaves) rented land from landowners and paid a portion of their crop as rent. The landowners often provided the tools, seeds, and other supplies for the farmers, creating a cycle of debt that was difficult to break. This system kept many African Americans in poverty and prevented them from gaining economic independence.

Question 8

The following questions refer to the poster below.
  
Collection of the New-York Historical Society
-Events like the one described in this headline revealed that

Accepted Answer

The poster depicts the story of John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry, during which he and his supporters attempted to start a slave rebellion by seizing weapons and ammunition from a federal arsenal. This event revealed that some abolitionists were willing to use violence to bring about the end of slavery, as Brown believed that a violent insurrection was the only way to overthrow the institution.

Question 9

The following questions refer to the excerpt below.
"Unjust laws exist;shall we be content to obey them,or shall we endeavor to amend them,and obey them until we have succeeded,or shall we transgress them at once? Men generally,under such government as this,think that they ought to wait until they have persuaded the majority to alter them.They think that,if they should resist,the remedy would be worse than the evil.But it is the fault of the government itself that the remedy is worse than the evil.It makes it worse...Why does it not cherish its wise majority? Why does it cry and resist before it is hurt? …"
Henry David Thoreau,"Civil Disobedience," 1848
-Reformers of the 1830s-1840s who agreed to some extent with Thoreau's beliefs as expressed in the excerpt

Accepted Answer

Thoreau's excerpt reflects a dissatisfaction with government and societal norms, leading some reformers of the 1830s-1840s to seek alternative ways of living, such as forming utopian societies, which were communities designed to perfect social, political, and moral aspects of life.

Question 10

The following questions refer to the poster below.

Library of Congress Prints & Photographs Division
-Which of the following factors explains the urgency of the message in this poster?

Accepted Answer

The urgency of the message in the poster is explained by the South's manpower, as compared to that of the North, highlighting the North's need for more soldiers to match or surpass the South's military strength.

Question 11

The following questions refer to the excerpt below.
"Unjust laws exist;shall we be content to obey them,or shall we endeavor to amend them,and obey them until we have succeeded,or shall we transgress them at once? Men generally,under such government as this,think that they ought to wait until they have persuaded the majority to alter them.They think that,if they should resist,the remedy would be worse than the evil.But it is the fault of the government itself that the remedy is worse than the evil.It makes it worse...Why does it not cherish its wise majority? Why does it cry and resist before it is hurt? …"
Henry David Thoreau,"Civil Disobedience," 1848
-Thoreau's beliefs,as expressed in the excerpt,would have the greatest impact on which of the following reformers?

Accepted Answer

Thoreau's ideas of civil disobedience and resisting unjust laws had a significant impact on African-American civil rights activists such as Martin Luther King Jr. and Rosa Parks who utilized his philosophy in their own activism. Thoreau's writing encouraged nonviolent resistance and standing up against oppressive laws, which influenced the tactics that civil rights activists employed during the Civil Rights Movement.

Question 12

"This infamous decision of the Slaveholding wing of the Supreme Court maintains that slaves are within the contemplation of the Constitution of the United States,property...The Constitution,as well as the Declaration of Independence,and the sentiments of the founders of the Republic,give us a platform broad enough to support the most comprehensive plans for the freedom and elevation of all the people of this country."
Frederick Douglass,May 1857
-This excerpt would be most useful to historians as a source of information about which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The excerpt discusses the infamous decision of the Slaveholding wing of the Supreme Court, which refers to the Dred Scott decision of 1857. The excerpt also mentions the Constitution and the sentiments of the founders, which are relevant to the Dred Scott decision.

Question 13

The following questions refer to the excerpt below.
"Let us now glance at a few of the popular objections to liberal divorce laws… To open the doors of escape to those who dwell in continual antagonism,to the unhappy wives of drunkards,libertines,knaves,lunatics,and tyrants,need not necessarily embitter the relations of those who are contented and happy,but on the contrary the very fact of freedom strengthens and purifies the bond of union.When husbands and wives…are bound together only by affection,marriage will be a life long friendship and not a heavy yoke,from which both may sometimes long for deliverance…"
Elizabeth Cady Stanton,"Home Life",1875
-Which of the following is correct according to Stanton?

Accepted Answer

According to Stanton, husbands and wives should be bound together only by affection and share equally in their relationship. She argues that liberal divorce laws will not necessarily embitter the relations of those who are contented and happy, but instead strengthen and purify the bond of union. Stanton does not suggest that there should be no divorce or that family life will suffer if women have the right to seek divorce, and she also does not argue that only husbands should have the right to seek divorce.

Question 14

The following questions refer to the excerpt below.
"I am not a Know Nothing.That is certain.How could I be? How can any one who abhors the oppression of negroes,be in favor of degrading classes of white people? Our progress in degeneracy appears to me to be pretty rapid.As a nation,we began declaring that "all men are created equal." We now practically read it "all men are created equal,except negroes." When the Know Nothings get control,it will read "all men are created equal except negroes,and foreigners,and catholics." When it comes to this I should prefer emigrating to some country where they make no pretense of loving liberty-to Russia,for instance…"
Abraham Lincoln,letter to Joshua Street,August 1855
-The "classes of white people" that Lincoln references were most likely

Accepted Answer

Lincoln specifically mentions "foreigners" as a group that would be degraded by the Know Nothings, and Irish immigrants were a large group of "foreigners" at the time.

Question 15

The following questions refer to the excerpt below.
"I am not a Know Nothing.That is certain.How could I be? How can any one who abhors the oppression of negroes,be in favor of degrading classes of white people? Our progress in degeneracy appears to me to be pretty rapid.As a nation,we began declaring that "all men are created equal." We now practically read it "all men are created equal,except negroes." When the Know Nothings get control,it will read "all men are created equal except negroes,and foreigners,and catholics." When it comes to this I should prefer emigrating to some country where they make no pretense of loving liberty-to Russia,for instance…"
Abraham Lincoln,letter to Joshua Street,August 1855
-Which of the following is contrary to Lincoln's belief as expressed in the passage?

Accepted Answer

The passage does not mention the Alien and Sedition Acts, so it cannot be contrary to Lincoln's beliefs. Instead, the passage expresses Lincoln's opposition to the Know Nothing party's anti-immigrant and anti-Catholic policies and their exclusion of African Americans from the equality promised in the Declaration of Independence. B) Freedom of religion, C) "that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights … life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness," and D) "give me your tired your poor huddled masses" are all consistent with Lincoln's beliefs as expressed in the passage.

Question 16

The following questions refer to the poster below.
  
Collection of the New-York Historical Society
-Which of the following historical events was a direct result of the event depicted?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The following questions refer to the poster...

Question 17

The following questions refer to the excerpt below.
"Let us now glance at a few of the popular objections to liberal divorce laws… To open the doors of escape to those who dwell in continual antagonism,to the unhappy wives of drunkards,libertines,knaves,lunatics,and tyrants,need not necessarily embitter the relations of those who are contented and happy,but on the contrary the very fact of freedom strengthens and purifies the bond of union.When husbands and wives…are bound together only by affection,marriage will be a life long friendship and not a heavy yoke,from which both may sometimes long for deliverance…"
Elizabeth Cady Stanton,"Home Life",1875
-Which of the following statements is supported by Stanton's argument?

Accepted Answer

Stanton argues that liberal divorce laws can actually strengthen marriages where partners are bound by affection rather than obligation. Therefore, her argument supports the idea that marriage can be wonderful if the right partner is found.

Question 18

The following questions refer to the excerpt below.
"Unjust laws exist;shall we be content to obey them,or shall we endeavor to amend them,and obey them until we have succeeded,or shall we transgress them at once? Men generally,under such government as this,think that they ought to wait until they have persuaded the majority to alter them.They think that,if they should resist,the remedy would be worse than the evil.But it is the fault of the government itself that the remedy is worse than the evil.It makes it worse...Why does it not cherish its wise majority? Why does it cry and resist before it is hurt? …"
Henry David Thoreau,"Civil Disobedience," 1848
-Henry David Thoreau's ideology as expressed here could best have been used to justify the actions of

Accepted Answer

Thoreau's call for civil disobedience in the face of unjust laws would most closely align with Northerners resisting the Fugitive Slave provisions of the Compromise of 1850.

Question 19

The following questions refer to the excerpt below.
"I am not a Know Nothing.That is certain.How could I be? How can any one who abhors the oppression of negroes,be in favor of degrading classes of white people? Our progress in degeneracy appears to me to be pretty rapid.As a nation,we began declaring that "all men are created equal." We now practically read it "all men are created equal,except negroes." When the Know Nothings get control,it will read "all men are created equal except negroes,and foreigners,and catholics." When it comes to this I should prefer emigrating to some country where they make no pretense of loving liberty-to Russia,for instance…"
Abraham Lincoln,letter to Joshua Street,August 1855
-Which of the following most accurately describes the Know-Nothings of whom Lincoln speaks?

Accepted Answer

The excerpt describes the Know-Nothings as being in favor of "degrading classes of white people" and excluding "foreigners and catholics" when it comes to the principle of "all men are created equal." This aligns with the ideology of nativism, which favored native-born Americans and sought to limit immigration. The other choices cannot be supported by the information in the excerpt.

Question 20

The following questions refer to the poster below.

Library of Congress Prints & Photographs Division
-Which of the following groups was most likely to respond to this poster's call to arms?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The following questions refer to the poster...

Quiz 5: Colonial Society on the Eve of Revolution 1700-1775

The following questions refer to the poster below. Library of Congress Prints & Photographs Division -One major factor that would expand Virginia's need for posters like this one was

The following questions refer to the poster below. Collection of the New-York Historical Society -Events like the one described in this headline revealed that

The following questions refer to the poster below. Library of Congress Prints & Photographs Division -Which of the following factors explains the urgency of the message in this poster?

The following questions refer to the poster below. Collection of the New-York Historical Society -Which of the following historical events was a direct result of the event depicted?

The following questions refer to the poster below. Library of Congress Prints & Photographs Division -Which of the following groups was most likely to respond to this poster's call to arms?