Question 1

In a hydrogenation experiment, 50.00 grams of a straight-chain hydrocarbon containing 8 carbon atoms reacts with 1.829 grams of hydrogen gas.The hydrocarbon probably has the chemical formula

Accepted Answer

The molecular formula of the hydrocarbon can be determined by calculating the amount of hydrogen that reacts, which indicates the degree of unsaturation. The molar mass of hydrogen (H2) is approximately 2 g/mol, so 1.829 grams of hydrogen gas corresponds to approximately 0.9145 moles of hydrogen. This amount of hydrogen would be sufficient to hydrogenate a hydrocarbon with 4 double bonds (since each double bond requires 1 mole of H2 to be hydrogenated). A straight-chain hydrocarbon with 8 carbon atoms and 4 double bonds would have the formula C8H14, which corresponds to choice C.

Question 2

Name the compound with the structural formula CH₃(CH₂)₁₆CH₃.

Accepted Answer

The structural formula given has 18 carbon atoms (designated by the "B" atoms) and a linear chain. This matches the description of n-octadecane, which has 18 carbon atoms in a straight chain. None of the other answer choices match the given structural formula.

Question 3

What is the degree of unsaturation of the following molecule?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the degree of unsaturation of...

Question 4

Crude oil is composed mostly of

Accepted Answer

Crude oil is primarily composed of hydrocarbons, which are compounds made up of carbon and hydrogen atoms, including liquid alkanes.

Question 5

Cyclic alkanes differ from normal alkanes in

Accepted Answer

Cyclic alkanes have a different hydrogen to carbon ratio compared to normal alkanes due to the ring structure, which reduces the number of hydrogen atoms.

Question 6

What is the molecular formula for the following compound?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the molecular formula for the...

Question 7

Most simple ionic compounds that are soluble in water are not soluble in organic solvents.However, replacing a common cation such as Na⁺ with an alkyl ammonium ion with four alkyl groups greatly enhances solubility of the ionic compound in many organic solvents.Which formula represents the tetrabutylammonium ion that is found in tetrabutylammonium bromide?

Accepted Answer

The tetrabutylammonium ion consists of an ammonium ion (N) with four butyl groups attached to it. Each butyl group has the formula C4H9, making the correct formula for the tetrabutylammonium ion [C4H9]4N+. Option D correctly represents this structure.

Question 8

What is the formula for n-nonane?

Accepted Answer

The formula for n-nonane, which is a straight-chain alkane with nine carbon atoms, is C9H20. This corresponds to the structure CH3(CH2)7CH3, which is option C when decoded from the provided format.

Question 9

When 1 mol of an alkyne with two degrees of unsaturation is hydrogenated, how many moles of hydrogen gas react?

Accepted Answer

Each degree of unsaturation in an alkyne represents a pair of missing hydrogens that can be added. Since an alkyne has a triple bond (two degrees of unsaturation), it can react with 2 moles of hydrogen gas to become fully saturated.

Question 10

What is the degree of unsaturation of the following molecule?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the degree of unsaturation of...

Question 11

Of an unknown compound containing only carbon and hydrogen, 0.123 moles was found to stoichiometrically react with 0.246 moles of hydrogen gas.Based on these data, we know that the unknown compound must be

Accepted Answer

The unknown compound reacts with hydrogen gas in a 1:2 ratio, indicating it adds two moles of hydrogen per mole of compound. This suggests the compound has double or triple bonds, characteristic of alkenes or alkynes, which can undergo addition reactions with hydrogen (hydrogenation) to become saturated. Alkanes are already saturated and would not react with hydrogen under normal conditions.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT likely to be a component of a natural gas deposit?

Accepted Answer

Natural gas deposits primarily consist of methane (CH4) and may contain ethane (C2H6), propane (C3H8), and butane (C4H10), but not octane (C8H18), which is a component of gasoline, not natural gas.

Question 13

A compound composed solely of carbon and hydrogen that is unsaturated must be______ .Choose the best answer.

Accepted Answer

Unsaturated hydrocarbons contain at least one double or triple bond between carbon atoms. Alkenes have at least one double bond, and alkynes have at least one triple bond, making them unsaturated. Alkanes, which are saturated hydrocarbons, only have single bonds and are not correct in this context.

Question 14

A saturated compound composed solely of carbon and hydrogen must be

Accepted Answer

A saturated compound composed solely of carbon and hydrogen can have only single bonds between the carbon atoms, making it an alkane. Alkenes and alkynes contain double and triple bonds, respectively, which make them unsaturated compounds.

Question 15

What is the systematic name of the molecule shown?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the systematic name of the...

Question 16

Which of the following statements regarding alkenes and alkynes is NOT correct?

Accepted Answer

Alkenes and alkynes are not typically present in large amounts in crude oil; crude oil primarily consists of alkanes and aromatic hydrocarbons. Alkenes and alkynes are less stable and not as abundant in crude oil.

Question 17

What is the systematic name of the molecule shown?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the systematic name of the...

Question 18

What is the systematic name of the molecule shown?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the systematic name of the...

Question 19

Which of the following statements regarding the reactions of alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes is NOT correct?

Accepted Answer

Alkanes do not readily undergo addition reactions due to their saturated nature; they are more likely to undergo substitution reactions.

Question 20

Of an unknown compound containing only carbon and hydrogen, 0.123 moles of the compound was found to stoichiometrically react with 0.123 moles of hydrogen gas.Based on these data, we know that the unknown compound must be

Accepted Answer

An alkene reacts with hydrogen gas in a 1:1 mole ratio to form an alkane, indicating the unknown compound is an alkene.

Quiz 19: Organic Chemistry Fuels, Pharmaceuticals, and Modern Materials

In a hydrogenation experiment, 50.00 grams of a straight-chain hydrocarbon containing 8 carbon atoms reacts with 1.829 grams of hydrogen gas.The hydrocarbon probably has the chemical formula

Name the compound with the structural formula CH₃(CH₂) ₁₆CH₃.

What is the degree of unsaturation of the following molecule?

Crude oil is composed mostly of

Cyclic alkanes differ from normal alkanes in

What is the molecular formula for the following compound?

What is the formula for n-nonane?

When 1 mol of an alkyne with two degrees of unsaturation is hydrogenated, how many moles of hydrogen gas react?

What is the degree of unsaturation of the following molecule?

Of an unknown compound containing only carbon and hydrogen, 0.123 moles was found to stoichiometrically react with 0.246 moles of hydrogen gas.Based on these data, we know that the unknown compound must be

Which of the following is NOT likely to be a component of a natural gas deposit?

A compound composed solely of carbon and hydrogen that is unsaturated must be______ .Choose the best answer.

A saturated compound composed solely of carbon and hydrogen must be

What is the systematic name of the molecule shown?

Which of the following statements regarding alkenes and alkynes is NOT correct?

What is the systematic name of the molecule shown?

What is the systematic name of the molecule shown?

Which of the following statements regarding the reactions of alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes is NOT correct?

Of an unknown compound containing only carbon and hydrogen, 0.123 moles of the compound was found to stoichiometrically react with 0.123 moles of hydrogen gas.Based on these data, we know that the unknown compound must be

Quiz 19: Organic Chemistry Fuels, Pharmaceuticals, and Modern Materials

In a hydrogenation experiment, 50.00 grams of a straight-chain hydrocarbon containing 8 carbon atoms reacts with 1.829 grams of hydrogen gas.The hydrocarbon probably has the chemical formula

Name the compound with the structural formula CH3(CH2) 16CH3.

What is the degree of unsaturation of the following molecule?

Crude oil is composed mostly of

Cyclic alkanes differ from normal alkanes in

What is the molecular formula for the following compound?

What is the formula for n-nonane?

When 1 mol of an alkyne with two degrees of unsaturation is hydrogenated, how many moles of hydrogen gas react?

What is the degree of unsaturation of the following molecule?

Of an unknown compound containing only carbon and hydrogen, 0.123 moles was found to stoichiometrically react with 0.246 moles of hydrogen gas.Based on these data, we know that the unknown compound must be

Which of the following is NOT likely to be a component of a natural gas deposit?

A compound composed solely of carbon and hydrogen that is unsaturated must be______ .Choose the best answer.

A saturated compound composed solely of carbon and hydrogen must be

What is the systematic name of the molecule shown?

Which of the following statements regarding alkenes and alkynes is NOT correct?

What is the systematic name of the molecule shown?

What is the systematic name of the molecule shown?

Which of the following statements regarding the reactions of alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes is NOT correct?

Of an unknown compound containing only carbon and hydrogen, 0.123 moles of the compound was found to stoichiometrically react with 0.123 moles of hydrogen gas.Based on these data, we know that the unknown compound must be

Name the compound with the structural formula CH₃(CH₂) ₁₆CH₃.