Question 1

Under Chancellor Otto von Bismarck in 1883, which of the following was the first country to provide a form of national insurance coverage?

Accepted Answer

Germany, under Chancellor Otto von Bismarck, was the first country to introduce a form of national insurance coverage in 1883, which laid the groundwork for the modern welfare state.

Question 2

Which of the following is a method of obtaining products and services at a lower price and has been used by private industry and the federal government for many years?

Accepted Answer

Value-based purchasing is a method used to obtain products and services at a lower price by focusing on the best value for the cost, and it has been utilized by both private industry and the federal government for many years.

Question 3

The commercial profit-based insurance companies introduced which concept, which is used to estimate how much a specific individual or group will have to spend on medical care within a very limited setting, such as an industry?

Accepted Answer

Experience rating is the concept used by insurance companies to estimate the future medical expenses of an individual or group based on their past healthcare costs. This approach allows insurers to adjust premiums based on the historical claims experience of the insured entity.

Question 4

The biggest expansion of Medicare occurred under president George W. Bush, who signed into law an unfunded prescription drug benefit bill that increased senior citizens' access to prescription medications through which part of Medicare?

Accepted Answer

The biggest expansion of Medicare under President George W. Bush was the introduction of Medicare Part D, which provided prescription drug coverage to seniors. This was a significant addition to the Medicare program, aimed at helping seniors afford their medications.

Question 5

In 1961, President John F. Kennedy began his vigorous advocacy of a plan to provide health benefits to the elderly. This became the framework for which program?

Accepted Answer

President John F. Kennedy's advocacy for health benefits for the elderly laid the groundwork for Medicare, which was later signed into law by President Lyndon B. Johnson in 1965.

Question 6

Richard M. Nixon signed a law to encourage the development of which of the following that were the first manifestations of managed care?

Accepted Answer

Richard M. Nixon signed the Health Maintenance Organization Act of 1973 to encourage the development of Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs), which were among the first manifestations of managed care. This was aimed at reducing healthcare costs and improving the quality of care by promoting preventive medicine and efficient healthcare services.

Question 7

In 1997, the Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP) was created to extend which type of coverage to many uninsured children and their parents?

Accepted Answer

CHIP was created to extend Medicaid coverage to many uninsured children and, in some cases, their parents, aiming to reduce the number of uninsured children in the United States by providing them with low-cost health insurance.

Question 8

Lyndon Baines Johnson presided over passage of which legislative act in 1965, which was considered the most ambitious health insurance advance in U.S. history at that time?

Accepted Answer

The Medicare and Medicaid Act of 1965, signed into law by President Lyndon B. Johnson, established Medicare and Medicaid, significantly expanding health insurance coverage for Americans, particularly the elderly and low-income individuals. This act represented a major advancement in U.S. health insurance policy.

Question 9

Which type of insurance plans are not legal under the rules established for insurance companies by the Affordable Care Act?

Accepted Answer

Short-term plans are not fully compliant with the Affordable Care Act (ACA) rules, as they can exclude coverage for pre-existing conditions and do not have to provide the comprehensive coverage required by the ACA.

Question 10

In response to declining hospital occupancy during the Great Depression, the American Hospital Association established what type of insurance plans that provided hospital coverage at a choice of any hospital in the state?

Accepted Answer

Blue Cross plans were established by the American Hospital Association during the Great Depression to ensure hospitals remained financially viable by providing hospital coverage that allowed for a choice of any hospital in the state.

Question 11

By using which process as a purposeful mental activity whereby ideas are evaluated and decisions reached can nurses make ethical, creative, rational, and independent decisions related to client care?

Accepted Answer

Critical thinking is a purposeful mental activity that involves evaluating ideas and making decisions in a rational and independent manner, which is essential for nurses when making decisions related to client care.

Question 12

Repeated studies have shown that which health care professionals can safely provide 80 percent of the care typically provided by family practice physicians without any decrease in quality or health outcomes and with an increase in client satisfaction?

Accepted Answer

Nurse practitioners are trained to provide a wide range of healthcare services similar to those of family practice physicians, and studies have shown they can do so effectively without compromising quality or outcomes.

Question 13

Preventing cancellation of policies due to preexisting conditions was one of the key purposes of which legislative act?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Preventing cancellation of policies due to preexisting...

Question 14

Which practice was all but eliminated by the Affordable Care Act when it removed cost caps and made it illegal for companies to deny health insurance for preexisting conditions?

Accepted Answer

Rescission, the practice of insurance companies canceling coverage after policyholders get sick by finding any error in the application, was significantly curtailed by the Affordable Care Act. This law made it illegal for health insurance companies to rescind coverage except in cases of fraud or intentional misrepresentation of material facts.

Question 15

The original Blue Cross/Blue Shield insurance set premiums by which of the following, whereby rates were set by medical costs across a geographic area or region or even across the whole nation?

Accepted Answer

The original Blue Cross/Blue Shield insurance set premiums using the community rating system. This system sets rates based on the average medical costs of the people in a geographic area or region, or even across the whole nation, rather than on an individual's health history or demographic factors.

Quiz 19: The Health-Care Debate: Best Allocations of Resources for the Best Outcomes