Question 1

How long does it take for a person who exercises moderately to begin to use less glucose and more fat for fuel?

Accepted Answer

It typically takes about 20 minutes of moderate exercise for the body to start shifting from using glucose to using more fat as a fuel source.

Question 2

What is a typical resting pulse rate for active people?

Accepted Answer

A resting pulse rate for active people can vary, but typically a lower resting heart rate indicates a higher level of cardiovascular fitness. A resting pulse rate of 50 beats per minute or lower is considered good for active people. A resting heart rate of 70 beats per minute or lower is still considered within the normal range, but may not be as optimal for those who are very active. A resting heart rate of 30 beats per minute or lower would be unusually low and may indicate a medical condition or be a sign of overtraining in athletes.

Question 3

What chronic health condition may be prevented or improved with weight training?

Accepted Answer

Weight training can improve bone density and decrease the risk of osteoporosis.

Question 4

Canadian Physical Activity Guidelines support which of the following physical activity recommendations for healthy Canadians aged 18-64 years?

Accepted Answer

The Canadian Physical Activity Guidelines recommend 150 minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity over a week for healthy Canadians aged 18-64 years. This can be done in shorter bouts of at least 10 minutes throughout the day. Although muscle and bone strengthening activities are also recommended, it should be done at least twice a week instead of just 10 minutes a week. Option A and D are not accurate as they specify a certain amount of time each day instead of a weekly amount.

Question 5

What is the name for the physiological process in which glucose fragments are broken down completely to yield a large amount of energy?

Accepted Answer

Aerobic metabolism is the process in which glucose fragments are broken down completely with the presence of oxygen, yielding a large amount of energy in the form of ATP. Basal metabolism is the amount of energy required by the body to maintain its basic functions at rest. Anaerobic metabolism occurs in the absence of oxygen and produces a smaller amount of ATP. Energy metabolism is a broad term that encompasses all the chemical reactions involved in the production and utilization of energy in the body.

Question 6

What is the term used to describe the regular practice of an activity, which leads to physical adaptations of the body?

Accepted Answer

The term used to describe the regular practice of an activity, which leads to physical adaptations of the body is training. This suggests that the activity is done with a specific purpose in mind, such as improving strength, endurance, or skill in a particular sport or activity. Exercise and physical activity are more general terms and do not necessarily imply a specific goal or purpose. Voluntary action is a broader term that can apply to any intentional movement, not necessarily one that is done regularly or with a specific goal in mind.

Question 7

Which of the following nutrients fuels physical activity to a smaller extent?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following nutrients fuels physical...

Question 8

If a muscle is fit, what substance will it draw more of from the blood?

Accepted Answer

Fit muscles have a higher demand for oxygen as oxygen is necessary for energy production during aerobic respiration. Therefore, a fit muscle will draw more oxygen from the blood.

Question 9

What type of exercise is recommended for increasing bone strength?

Accepted Answer

Weight lifting is a type of resistance exercise that helps increase bone density and strength by stimulating bone growth through the application of stress.

Question 10

Approximately what percentage of Canadian adults are inactive?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Approximately what percentage of Canadian adults are...

Question 11

What fuel is required for anaerobic activity?

Accepted Answer

Glucose is the only fuel required for anaerobic activity as it can be broken down into ATP without using oxygen. Fatty acids and amino acids require oxygen to be broken down into ATP and proteins are not a direct source of energy for muscle contraction.

Question 12

What is the name for the increase in strength and size that muscle cells and other tissues undergo in response to an overload of physical activity?

Accepted Answer

Hypertrophy is the term used for the increase in strength and size that muscle cells and other tissues undergo in response to an overload of physical activity. Atrophy refers to the wasting or loss of muscle tissue due to a lack of physical activity. Hyperloading is not a recognized term in exercise physiology, and hyperinsulinemia refers to an excessive level of insulin in the blood.

Question 13

Which one of the following exercises enhances flexibility?

Accepted Answer

Stretching is specifically designed to increase flexibility by deliberately lengthening muscles and improving range of motion. Aerobic activity and calisthenics may also have some benefits for flexibility, but they primarily focus on cardiovascular fitness and strength training respectively. Weight training can also improve flexibility, but only if it includes exercises with a full range of motion and is done with proper form.

Question 14

What is the name for the fragments of glucose molecules that accumulate in the tissues and blood and are produced by the breakdown of anaerobic glucose?

Accepted Answer

The breakdown of glucose in the absence of oxygen (anaerobic respiration) produces lactic acid as a byproduct, which can accumulate in tissues and blood as fragments of glucose molecules.

Question 15

Which one of the following is a component of fitness?

Accepted Answer

Body flexibility is a component of fitness, as it refers to the range of motion available at a joint or group of joints. Flexibility is important for overall health, performance in physical activities, and injury prevention.

Question 16

Which of the following characteristics is associated with improved cardiorespiratory endurance?

Accepted Answer

Reduced blood pressure is associated with improved cardiorespiratory endurance as it indicates that the heart is able to pump blood more efficiently, reducing strain on the cardiovascular system. Decreased oxygen delivery (B), increased resting pulse (C), and decreased cardiac output (D) are all associated with decreased cardiorespiratory fitness.

Question 17

What do muscles gain in response to the overload of exercise?

Accepted Answer

Muscles respond to the overload of exercise by increasing in size, also known as hypertrophy. This is due to the increased demand placed on the muscles, which stimulates the production of new proteins and the enlargement of individual muscle fibers. Endurance, flexibility, and aerobic capacity may also improve to some extent, but they are not the primary adaptations that occur in response to muscle overload.

Question 18

What hormone flows into the bloodstream to signal the liver and fat cells to liberate their stored energy nutrients when physical activity continues beyond the first few minutes?

Accepted Answer

Epinephrine, also known as adrenaline, is released by the adrenal glands in response to the "fight or flight" response during exercise or stress. It signals the liver and fat cells to release stored energy nutrients to supply the body with the energy it needs to sustain physical activity. Thyroxine (B) is a hormone that regulates metabolism but is not specifically involved in the immediate response to physical activity. Ghrelin (C) is a hormone that regulates appetite, not energy storage or release. Insulin (D) is released in response to high blood glucose levels and promotes glucose uptake and storage, not energy release.

Question 19

Physical activity and exercise involve bodily movement, muscle contraction, and which of the following benefits to the body?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Physical activity and exercise involve bodily movement,...

Question 20

Which of the following results has been observed in people who do regular aerobic exercise?

Accepted Answer

Regular aerobic exercise has been shown to improve HDL levels, which is the "good" cholesterol that helps reduce the risk of heart disease. It does not lead to increased resting pulse or blood pressure, and while it can improve flexibility, this is not necessarily a universal result.

Quiz 10: Nutrients, Physical Activity, and the Bodys Responses