Question 1

A basis for making programmed decisions would be

Accepted Answer

Decision rules provide a basis for making programmed decisions, which are decisions that can be made using a set of predefined rules or procedures.

Question 2

If a customer voices a complaint about food taste and temperature, some restaurants always provide a complimentary meal.This represents

Accepted Answer

Providing a complimentary meal in response to a customer complaint about food taste and temperature represents a decision rule, as it is a predetermined course of action for handling such situations. It is not a standard decision, as not all restaurants may have the same policy, and it is not a nonprogrammed decision, as it is a routine response to a specific type of customer feedback. Experience and cognitive dissonance do not refer to specific decision-making processes in this context.

Question 3

According to the rational decision-making approach, what is the starting point for the decision-making process?

Accepted Answer

D

Question 4

What information condition lies between certainty and uncertainty in making decisions?

Accepted Answer

Risk is a level of uncertainty where the outcome of a decision is unknown but can be estimated based on probability or past experience. It lies between certainty (where the outcome is known for sure) and uncertainty (where there is no information or knowledge about the outcome).

Question 5

Programmed decisions are most common at what level of the organization?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Programmed decisions are most common at what...

Question 6

According to the rational decision-making approach, evaluate the alternatives

Accepted Answer

The rational decision-making approach involves evaluating and assessing all possible alternatives before making a decision. This step is crucial in ensuring that all available options are considered and analyzed before selecting the most appropriate alternative.

Question 7

The behavioral approach to decision making is characterized by all of the following except

Accepted Answer

The behavioral approach to decision making often involves using heuristics, satisficing, and suboptimizing rather than strictly logical processes.

Question 8

The decision-making conditions of certainty, uncertainty, and risk are relevant while the decision maker is

Accepted Answer

The decision-making conditions of certainty, uncertainty, and risk are relevant during the evaluation of alternatives. In certainty, the decision maker knows the outcome of each alternative, and in uncertainty, the outcome is entirely unknown. In risk, the decision maker is aware of the possible outcomes and their probabilities. Therefore, evaluating alternatives in the light of these conditions is essential to make an informed decision.

Question 9

If a human resources manager can estimate the probability that a certain percentage of employees will take advantage of a proposed benefit plan, the manager is operating under a condition of

Accepted Answer

Estimating probabilities of future events, like employee participation in a benefit plan, involves operating under conditions of risk, where outcomes are uncertain but probabilities can be assigned.

Question 10

The rational decision-making approach assumes decision makers

Accepted Answer

The rational decision-making approach assumes that decision makers have complete information, allowing them to make fully informed and logical decisions.

Question 11

Which of the following represents the step of the rational decision- making approach in which information is compiled regarding the goal and the actual state?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following represents the step...

Question 12

decisions often involve ambiguous or unavailable information.

Accepted Answer

Nonprogrammed decisions are typically made in situations where information is ambiguous or unavailable, requiring unique solutions and judgment.

Question 13

A decision maker's actions are guided by

Accepted Answer

A decision maker's actions are guided by a goal that they set out to achieve. This goal could be related to their personal aspirations or the objectives of the organization they lead, but it is typically the driving force behind their decision-making process. While other factors such as budgetary constraints and interpersonal relationships may come into play, the ultimate goal is what guides their actions.

Question 14

Nonprogrammed decisions are usually made by

Accepted Answer

Nonprogrammed decisions are those that are unique and require custom solutions, making them the responsibility of upper management who have the necessary authority and knowledge to make such decisions. Lower and middle management typically deal with programmed decisions, which are routine and can be made through established procedures. All employees within an organization may be involved in decision-making to varying degrees, but nonprogrammed decisions are not typically made by them as they do not have the necessary authority and expertise. Union workers may be involved in decision-making through collective bargaining, but this pertains more to labor negotiations than nonprogrammed decisions.

Question 15

Decision making is

Accepted Answer

Decision making involves choosing one option from among several alternatives. The other options listed are not accurate definitions of decision making.

Question 16

When arises a decision maker questions the decision made and searches for information to bolster it.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When arises a decision maker questions the...

Question 17

Contingency plans are a part of what phase of the decision-making process?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Contingency plans are a part of what...

Question 18

Characteristics of programmed decisions include all but which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Judgment and creativity are not the basis of solution for programmed decisions, which are highly structured and have specific methods for handling them.

Question 19

Characteristics of nonprogrammed decisions include all but which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Nonprogrammed decisions are not exclusively the responsibility of top management; they can occur at various levels depending on the situation.

Question 20

The third step in the rational decision-making process is

Accepted Answer

The answer of The third step in the rational decision-making...

Quiz 8: Decision Making and Problem Solving