Question 1

Parkinson's disease (PD)is a chronic progressive neurodegenerative disorder resulting in the loss of dopamine-producing cells in the brain.Which part of the brain is affected with PD?

Accepted Answer

The substantia nigra is the part of the brain most notably affected in Parkinson's disease. It is responsible for the production of dopamine, and its degeneration leads to the characteristic symptoms of PD.

Question 2

A clinician is performing sensory assessment on a patient presenting signs and symptoms of neurological disease.During the assessment, the clinician notices that the patient has a decreased sense of both pain and temperature.Which of the following may be affected?

Accepted Answer

The spinothalamic tract is responsible for transmitting pain and temperature sensations to the brain. A decreased sense of both pain and temperature suggests a dysfunction in this pathway.

Question 3

According to studies, RLS is a condition for which there is no cure.Which of the following are recommended for the management of RLS symptoms? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

B,C,D

Question 4

To rule out age-related benign symptoms, motor functions should be inspected for body position and involuntary movements.Which of the following should be included in the
Assessment of motor function? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

The answer of To rule out age-related benign symptoms, motor...

Question 5

Mrs.Pope presents with twitching and burning sensations in her right leg that cause difficulty in walking.Initial suspicion is peripheral neuropathy.The proper diagnosis of
Peripheral neuropathy begins with a detailed history and physical examination.Which of the following information in her social history may be a cause of her symptoms? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

Peripheral neuropathy can be caused by various factors including substance abuse, which can lead to nerve damage due to toxic effects on nerve tissue. Use of supplements, especially if they contain neurotoxic substances or if they lead to imbalances of nutrients, can also contribute to neuropathy. Current occupation is relevant because certain jobs may expose individuals to toxins or require repetitive motions that can cause nerve damage.

Question 6

A patient is being assessed for symptoms of headaches, changes in mental function, language deficits, and visual problems.Diagnostic testing reveals that he does not have a brain tumor.Which of the following may be the differential diagnosis for the patient's symptoms? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

The symptoms described can be associated with a stroke, subdural hematoma, or meningitis, all of which can affect brain function and cause neurological symptoms. Venous insufficiency and diabetes mellitus are less likely to directly cause these specific neurological symptoms.

Question 7

Which of the following statements is true relating the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD)? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

- Drug therapy in Parkinson's disease primarily aims to correct the imbalance between dopamine and acetylcholine in the brain. This is because the disease is characterized by a decrease in dopamine, which disrupts the balance between these two neurotransmitters, leading to the symptoms of PD.- Depression is indeed common among individuals with Parkinson's disease and can exacerbate the physical symptoms. Managing depression is an important aspect of the overall treatment plan for PD, as it can significantly impact the quality of life.

Question 8

Peripheral neuropathy is a disorder of the peripheral nervous system resulting in sensory, motor, and autonomic dysfunction.Which of the following conditions are the treatable causes of
Peripheral neuropathy? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

Alcohol use and diabetes mellitus are treatable causes of peripheral neuropathy. Reducing alcohol consumption and managing blood sugar levels can help alleviate symptoms.

Question 9

Which of the following is a neurological disorder characterized by leg cramping, pulling, and tugging sensations, and may have a genetic component?

Accepted Answer

Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) is a neurological disorder characterized by uncomfortable sensations in the legs and an uncontrollable urge to move them, often occurring in the evening or nighttime hours when a person is sitting or lying down. It can have a genetic component, as it often runs in families.

Question 10

Steve came in for an office visit presenting complaints of difficulty speaking, gait problems, and dizziness.Which of the following should be noted as additional signs and symptoms in the
Focused interview? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Steve came in for an office visit...

Question 11

Mr.Fitzgerald has seizure conditions due to a recent accident causing traumatic brain injury (TBI).A nurse practitioner is tasked with giving the patient and his family information on home care.Which of the following should be included in the patient/family education?

Accepted Answer

Lifestyle considerations are important for patients with seizure conditions, as certain activities or substances can trigger seizures.

Question 12

Mr.Newman developed a sudden onset of severe headache, weakness on one side of his body, difficulty speaking, and loss of balance.He was immediately admitted to the hospital with the diagnosis of hemorrhagic stroke.Which of the following is the manifestation of a hemorrhagic stroke?

Accepted Answer

Hemorrhagic stroke occurs when a weakened blood vessel ruptures and bleeds into the surrounding brain. The blood accumulates and compresses the surrounding brain tissue. This type of stroke is associated with a leak or rupture in an artery wall, not a venous wall or blockages, which are more characteristic of ischemic strokes.

Question 13

Neurological assessment of the older adult requires specific tools and considerations to assess patient mental status.Which of the following should be used to assess patient cognition?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Neurological assessment of the older adult requires...

Question 14

Gayle is a 55-year-old woman who is suspected of having a brain tumor.The clinician orders diagnostic testing for thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)to confirm this.Which of the following statements is true regarding a brain tumor?

Accepted Answer

Brain tumors can be either malignant (cancerous) or benign (non-cancerous). This distinction is crucial for determining the treatment approach and prognosis.

Question 15

According to studies, which of the following is true regarding cerebrovascular disease?

Accepted Answer

Cerebrovascular disease accounts for 20% to 50% of seizures in older adults, highlighting the significant impact of stroke and related conditions on the risk of seizures in this population.

Quiz 13: Central and Peripheral Nervous System Disorders

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic progressive neurodegenerative disorder resulting in the loss of dopamine-producing cells in the brain.Which part of the brain is affected with PD?

A clinician is performing sensory assessment on a patient presenting signs and symptoms of neurological disease.During the assessment, the clinician notices that the patient has a decreased sense of both pain and temperature.Which of the following may be affected?

According to studies, RLS is a condition for which there is no cure.Which of the following are recommended for the management of RLS symptoms? Select all that apply.

To rule out age-related benign symptoms, motor functions should be inspected for body position and involuntary movements.Which of the following should be included in the Assessment of motor function? Select all that apply.

A patient is being assessed for symptoms of headaches, changes in mental function, language deficits, and visual problems.Diagnostic testing reveals that he does not have a brain tumor.Which of the following may be the differential diagnosis for the patient's symptoms? Select all that apply.

Which of the following statements is true relating the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD) ? Select all that apply.

Peripheral neuropathy is a disorder of the peripheral nervous system resulting in sensory, motor, and autonomic dysfunction.Which of the following conditions are the treatable causes of Peripheral neuropathy? Select all that apply.

Which of the following is a neurological disorder characterized by leg cramping, pulling, and tugging sensations, and may have a genetic component?

Steve came in for an office visit presenting complaints of difficulty speaking, gait problems, and dizziness.Which of the following should be noted as additional signs and symptoms in the Focused interview? Select all that apply.

Mr.Fitzgerald has seizure conditions due to a recent accident causing traumatic brain injury (TBI) .A nurse practitioner is tasked with giving the patient and his family information on home care.Which of the following should be included in the patient/family education?

Mr.Newman developed a sudden onset of severe headache, weakness on one side of his body, difficulty speaking, and loss of balance.He was immediately admitted to the hospital with the diagnosis of hemorrhagic stroke.Which of the following is the manifestation of a hemorrhagic stroke?

Neurological assessment of the older adult requires specific tools and considerations to assess patient mental status.Which of the following should be used to assess patient cognition?

Gayle is a 55-year-old woman who is suspected of having a brain tumor.The clinician orders diagnostic testing for thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to confirm this.Which of the following statements is true regarding a brain tumor?

According to studies, which of the following is true regarding cerebrovascular disease?