Question 1

During the preparation stage, clients prepare for change by doing all of the following EXCEPT:
A) getting information about making changes.
B) taking small steps related to change.
C) developing ways to cope with temptations and maintain new behaviors.
D) thinking about possible goals.

Accepted Answer

During the preparation stage, clients are getting ready for change by gathering information, considering small steps, and thinking about goals. Developing ways to cope with temptations and maintain new behaviors is more characteristic of the action and maintenance stages of change, not the preparation stage.

Question 2

A client who has been referred to you because of her binge drinking behaviors at the college frat parties, which has led to her blacking out on several occasions, tells you that all her friends do it, that it is a normal part of the college experience, and she doesn't know why her parents are making such a big deal out of it. Which cognitive distortion is she engaging in?
A) All-or-nothing thinking
B) Emotional reasoning
C) Discounting
D) Catastrophizing

Accepted Answer

The client is engaging in "discounting," which means she is minimizing the significance or impact of her binge drinking behavior by suggesting it is a normal part of the college experience and not understanding her parents' concerns.

Question 3

The process of change is more _________ than ___________.
A) sequential; circular
B) circular; sequential
C) linear; circular
D) inhibiting; lasting

Accepted Answer

The process of change is often described as being more circular than sequential because it typically involves a cycle of planning, action, evaluation, and readjustment rather than a straight, one-time progression from start to finish.

Question 4

The stages of change, in order, are:
A) pre-contemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance.
B) pre-contemplation, preparation, contemplation, action, and maintenance.
C) pre-contemplation, action, preparation, contemplation, and maintenance.
D) maintenance, pre-contemplation, contemplation, action, and preparation.

Accepted Answer

The stages of change model, also known as the Transtheoretical Model, outlines the process individuals go through when changing behavior. It begins with pre-contemplation, where the individual is not yet considering change, followed by contemplation, where they start to think about change. Preparation is next, where plans to change are made, followed by action, where the individual implements those plans. Maintenance is the final stage, where the individual works to sustain the change.

Question 5

All of the following are statements that might be made by clients in the contemplation stage of change EXCEPT:
A) My boss thinks that I can take on more responsibility, but I'm not sure I have the skills to manage what she requires of me.
B) I have so much going in my life right now since I've recently moved and started a new job. I might be in a better place to work on developing my social skills in six months, when I'm more settled.
C) I know that talking to my partner when I am upset might be more constructive than bottling it in and then exploding, but I wonder if it would really change anything or improve our relationship.
D) I really think that my wife is over-reacting. Sure, we have our little disagreements now and then, but I think these issues are normal and are found in every marriage.

Accepted Answer

In the contemplation stage of change, individuals recognize they have a problem and begin to think about solving it but haven't committed to taking action yet. Choices A, B, and C reflect this mindset of considering change but being uncertain or hesitant. Choice D, however, indicates a lack of acknowledgment of the problem, which is not characteristic of the contemplation stage.

Question 6

Mike has made a list of pros and cons and is experiencing conflict with regards to whether he should leave the security of his current job and start his own business. He is in the _____________ stage of change.
A) pre-contemplation
B) contemplation
C) preparation
D) action

Accepted Answer

Mike is in the contemplation stage of change, where he is considering making a change (leaving his job to start a business) but has not yet committed to taking action. This stage involves weighing the pros and cons of changing behavior.

Question 7

Relapse should be viewed as a ________.
A) learning experience
B) failure
C) achievement
D) reason for termination

Accepted Answer

Relapse should be viewed as a learning experience because it provides an opportunity to understand the triggers and challenges that led to it, allowing for adjustments in treatment and coping strategies to prevent future relapses.

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT one of the stages of change identified by Prochaska?
A) Pre-motivation
B) Preparation
C) Action
D) Maintenance

Accepted Answer

The stages of change identified by Prochaska in his Transtheoretical Model include Preparation, Action, and Maintenance, but not Pre-motivation. The correct stages are Precontemplation, Contemplation, Preparation, Action, and Maintenance.

Question 9

All of the following are factors that influence motivation to change EXCEPT:
A) strengths, capacity, and resources.
B) theoretical orientation used.
C) hope.
D) level of stress and demands.

Accepted Answer

Theoretical orientation used is not a direct factor influencing an individual's motivation to change. Motivation to change is more directly influenced by personal factors such as strengths, capacity, resources, hope, and external factors like stress and demands, rather than the theoretical approach used by a therapist or counselor.

Question 10

The client's capacity, resources, and strengths have significant effects on _______.
A) level of motivation to change.
B) level of disclosure in the therapeutic relationship.
C) direction of change, only in a negative direction.
D) Whether the client moves through all five stages of change.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The client's capacity, resources, and strengths have...

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT one of the levels of discounting?
A) The client realizes that others have changed; s/he does not think that s/he can change.
B) The client realizes that there is a problem; s/he does not believe that there is an adequate solution.
C) The client realizes that there is a problem; s/he does not think that the problem is serious.
D) The client realizes that there is a serious problem; s/he does not think that s/he should wait any longer to change.

Accepted Answer

Levels of discounting typically involve the client's recognition of a problem and their beliefs about change or solutions. The option that does not fit this pattern is D, where the client acknowledges a serious problem and the urgency to change, which contrasts with the concept of discounting where acknowledgment or realization of the need for change is typically minimized or ignored.

Question 12

How would the relationship that the client has with the practitioner affect motivation to change?
A) Clients who experience practitioners as being genuine, providing regular feedback, having positive regard, and being focused on their issues tend to be more motivated to change.
B) Clients who experience practitioners as being genuine, providing regular feedback, having positive regard, and being focused on their issues tend to be less motivated to change.
C) Clients who regularly ask for feedback from the practitioner, focus on the practitioner's issues, and refrain from divulging too much information tend to be more motivated to change.
D) Clients who regularly ask for feedback from the practitioner, focus on the practitioner's issues, and refrain from divulging too much information tend to be less motivated to change.

Accepted Answer

Clients are more likely to be motivated to change when they perceive their practitioners as genuine, supportive, and focused on their issues, as this creates a positive therapeutic relationship that fosters trust and openness.

Question 13

When assessing a client's readiness or ability to make changes from the perspective of social cognitive theory, which of the following is NOT one of the questions to be considered?
A) Does the environment support or encourage changed behavior?
B) How long will it take to make the desired change in behavior?
C) Does the person believe s/he has the capacity to make the change?
D) Is there more to be gained from making the change than from maintaining the current behavior?

Accepted Answer

Social cognitive theory emphasizes the interaction between individuals and their environment, their belief in their capability to effect change (self-efficacy), and the benefits of the change versus maintaining current behavior. The specific duration it takes to make the change is not a primary consideration within this theory.

Question 14

The social cognitive theory considers the impact of ___________ factors on readiness to change.
A) cognitive and social
B) interpersonal, personality, and behavioral
C) emotional, cognitive, and personal
D) environmental, personal, and behavioral

Accepted Answer

The social cognitive theory emphasizes the importance of environmental, personal, and behavioral factors in understanding and predicting human behavior, including an individual's readiness to change. This theory suggests that these three factors interact in a dynamic way to influence behavior.

Question 15

When working with clients in the pre-contemplation stage, the practitioner should focus on all of the following EXCEPT:
A) raising awareness of the urgency of the issues.
B) raising awareness of the pain or fear that these issues might cause.
C) inviting clients to think about whether a change could improve their lives.
D) collaboratively setting goals with the client.

Accepted Answer

In the pre-contemplation stage, clients are not yet considering change, so setting goals is premature. The focus is more on raising awareness and inviting clients to think about the possibility of change.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT an example of a client in the action stage?
A) An obese client joins a weight-loss program and hires a personal trainer.
B) A task group that has decided to work on a particular problem asks the practitioner to help them set realistic goals.
C) A parent attends parenting classes and indicates a willingness to learn new parenting techniques after her children are removed from the home because of her harsh discipline methods.
D) A college student, who realizes that her manic episode was triggered by increased stress due to her heavy course load, reduces her course load and implements self-care strategies such as going to yoga classes and taking frequent study breaks.

Accepted Answer

A task group asking for help to set goals is in the preparation stage, not the action stage, as they are planning rather than actively implementing changes.

Question 17

For the past several weeks, you have been working with your client on coming to terms with her mother's illness. Today, she asked if you could take a break from talking about her mother as she has been extremely stressed out about her final exams and would rather talk about those. This is an example of:
A) an increase in the level of stress and demands leading to a change in the client's willingness to engage in the therapeutic relationship.
B) a decrease in the level of stress and demands leading to a change in the client's willingness to engage in the therapeutic relationship.
C) an increase in the level of stress and demands leading to a change in motivation to address her mother's illness.
D) a decrease in the level of stress and demands leading to a change in motivation to address her mother's illness.

Accepted Answer

The client is experiencing increased stress due to her final exams, which has shifted her focus and motivation away from discussing her mother's illness.

Question 18

Prochaska 1999) has identified ___ stages of readiness to change.
A) 3
B) 7
C) 5
D) 9

Accepted Answer

Prochaska's Transtheoretical Model of Change identifies 5 stages of readiness to change: precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance.

Question 19

With regards to readiness for change, skillful practitioners ___________________ before deciding how to proceed in working with clients.
A) explore clients' levels of readiness and motivation
B) work with several different clients
C) are multiculturally competent
D) explore the clients' skills and independence

Accepted Answer

Exploring clients' levels of readiness and motivation is crucial for determining the most effective approach to take in working with them. This allows practitioners to tailor their interventions to match the client's current stage of change, thereby enhancing the likelihood of successful outcomes.

Question 20

_________ serves to increase motivation and is critical to all practitioner-client relationships.
A) Love
B) Hope
C) Clarity
D) Peace

Accepted Answer

Hope is a fundamental element that increases motivation and is considered critical in all practitioner-client relationships, as it helps clients envision a positive outcome or improvement, thereby motivating them to engage in the therapeutic process or follow through with treatment plans.

Quiz 11: Assessing Readiness and Motivation

During the preparation stage, clients prepare for change by doing all of the following EXCEPT:

The process of change is more _ than ___.

The stages of change, in order, are:

All of the following are statements that might be made by clients in the contemplation stage of change EXCEPT:

Mike has made a list of pros and cons and is experiencing conflict with regards to whether he should leave the security of his current job and start his own business. He is in the _____________ stage of change.

Relapse should be viewed as a ________.

Which of the following is NOT one of the stages of change identified by Prochaska?

All of the following are factors that influence motivation to change EXCEPT:

The client's capacity, resources, and strengths have significant effects on _______.

Which of the following is NOT one of the levels of discounting?

How would the relationship that the client has with the practitioner affect motivation to change?

When assessing a client's readiness or ability to make changes from the perspective of social cognitive theory, which of the following is NOT one of the questions to be considered?

The social cognitive theory considers the impact of ___________ factors on readiness to change.

When working with clients in the pre-contemplation stage, the practitioner should focus on all of the following EXCEPT:

Which of the following is NOT an example of a client in the action stage?

Prochaska 1999) has identified ___ stages of readiness to change.

With regards to readiness for change, skillful practitioners ___________________ before deciding how to proceed in working with clients.

_________ serves to increase motivation and is critical to all practitioner-client relationships.