Question 1

According to reports (Rosenthal,1964),many of Kitty Genovese's unresponsive neighbours did hear her crying out,"Oh my God,he stabbed me! Please help me! Please help me!" This suggests that the reason that her neighbours failed to intervene followed from

Accepted Answer

Diffusion of responsibility refers to the phenomenon where individuals assume that someone else will help or take responsibility, leading to a lack of action from all individuals in the group. In the case of Kitty Genovese, many of her neighbours likely assumed that someone else would intervene or take responsibility, leading to a lack of action and a failure to help.

Question 2

Pluralistic ignorance is an example of the power of _______ to inhibit helping.

Accepted Answer

Pluralistic ignorance occurs when individuals look to others to determine how to behave in ambiguous situations. In situations where others are not acting, individuals may assume that the situation is not an emergency or that help is not needed, leading to a lack of action. This phenomenon is an example of informational social influence, where individuals rely on others for information about what is appropriate behavior in a given situation. The other answer choices (negative-state relief effects, diffusion of responsibility, urban overload, and the norm of obedience) are all related to other factors that may inhibit helping behavior, but are not directly related to pluralistic ignorance.

Question 3

According to Bibb Latané and John Darley (1970),a number of things must occur before witnesses decide to intervene in an emergency situation.According to this stage model,diffusion of responsibility is most likely to affect witnesses'

Accepted Answer

Diffusion of responsibility occurs when there are many witnesses to an emergency situation who all assume that someone else will offer help or intervene. As a result, each individual may feel less personally responsible to intervene. This can impact the witness's sense of obligation to intervene, making them less likely to take action.

Question 4

The concept of _______ refers to the idea that when no bystanders to a possible emergency looked concerned,other bystanders assume that nothing is wrong.

Accepted Answer

Pluralistic ignorance is the concept that when individuals are in a group and no one else seems concerned or is taking action, they assume that nothing is wrong and follow the lead of the group. This is often seen in situations where there is an emergency, and bystanders do not take action or call for help because they think that someone else will or that the situation is not as serious as it appears.

Question 5

John Darley and Daniel Batson (1973)conducted a study in which participants were provided the opportunity to help when they were on their way to deliver a brief speech on the Good Samaritan or on another topic.These researchers found that _______ because _______.

Accepted Answer

Participants in a hurry were less likely to help because they didn't notice the man slumped in the doorway. This study highlighted the impact of situational factors, such as being in a hurry, on the likelihood of engaging in helping behavior.

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT one of the steps in Latané and Darley's model of bystander decision making?

Accepted Answer

Diffusion of responsibility is not a step in Latané and Darley's model of bystander decision-making but rather a concept that explains why individuals in a group may feel less inclined to take action. Their model focuses on the process an individual goes through to decide whether to help, which includes noticing the event, interpreting it as an emergency, knowing how to assist, and then implementing the decision to help.

Question 7

Pluralistic ignorance results when _______ backfires.

Accepted Answer

Pluralistic ignorance occurs when individuals wrongly believe that their own thoughts, feelings, or behaviors are different from those of the majority, often due to a lack of open communication. This misunderstanding is primarily a result of informational social influence, where people look to the behavior of others to guide their own actions and beliefs, especially in ambiguous situations. When individuals misinterpret the beliefs or behaviors of others, it can lead to pluralistic ignorance.

Question 8

Lessons learned from experimental research on the diffusion of responsibility suggest that Kitty Genovese might be alive today had

Accepted Answer

Experimental research on the diffusion of responsibility suggests that individuals are less likely to take action or feel a sense of responsibility when others are present. In situations with fewer people around, individuals are more likely to perceive a personal responsibility to act, potentially leading to more immediate assistance for the victim.

Question 9

Pluralistic ignorance is most likely to discourage intervention in an emergency when

Accepted Answer

Pluralistic ignorance occurs when individuals in a group misinterpret the actions of others and assume that no one else perceives the situation as an emergency, leading to inaction. This is most likely to occur in an ambiguous situation where people are unsure if help is needed. In contrast, if experts show the appropriate form of assistance, it may encourage intervention as people may look to them for guidance. The other options (B, C, and D) do not necessarily impact pluralistic ignorance.

Question 10

Uzo is walking down the street when she hears a scream.She looks around to see if anyone needs help and notices the other people on the street shrug and keep walking.She decides that the person probably just shouted out of surprise and doesn't actually need help.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

Pluralistic ignorance occurs when individuals in a group mistakenly believe that their own thoughts, feelings, or behaviors are different from those of the group, leading them to conform to what they perceive as the group norm. In this case, Uzo assumes that because others are not reacting, there is no need to help.

Question 11

Juanita sees a crowd of people gathered around a man lying on the ground.She thinks about whether to call an ambulance,but then reasons that somebody else has probably already done so.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

This scenario illustrates the diffusion of responsibility, where individuals are less likely to take action in a group when they believe others will take responsibility for responding to the situation. Juanita assumes that someone else has already called an ambulance, so she does not feel personally responsible for taking action.

Question 12

While waiting for a bus,witnesses hear a man growing increasingly frantic as he cries,"My nitro tablets.Where are my nitro pills? I can't find my nitro tablets and I'm having a heart attack!" He collapses to the ground,clutching his chest.Everyone knows that it is a medical emergency.In this situation,who is most likely to help?

Accepted Answer

The answer of While waiting for a bus,witnesses hear a...

Question 13

Bibb Latané and John Darley (1970)had participants complete questionnaires alone or in the presence of two others.When the experimental room filled with "smoke," participants who were alone reported the potential emergency more quickly than those who worked on the questionnaire in the company of others.These results provide support for the concept of

Accepted Answer

The results support the concept of pluralistic ignorance, where individuals in a group mistakenly believe that their own thoughts, feelings, or behaviors are different from those of the group, leading to inaction in ambiguous situations.

Question 14

According to the text,pluralistic ignorance plays a role in which of the following factors that influence whether or not bystanders help someone in need?

Accepted Answer

Pluralistic ignorance occurs when people in a group mistakenly believe that their own thoughts, feelings, or behaviors are different from those of the group, leading them to interpret a situation as non-emergency because others are not reacting.

Question 15

When other bystanders are present,people are less likely to interpret an event as an emergency._______ best explains why this is so.

Accepted Answer

Informational social influence is the tendency to follow the opinions or behaviors of others when we are uncertain about how to act. In the presence of other bystanders, people may look to them for guidance on how to interpret the event. If others are not reacting or seem unconcerned, individuals may assume that the event is not an emergency and are less likely to respond themselves.

Question 16

Which of the following factors accounts for the fact that a person participating in an Internet chat room is less likely to receive help when more people are online?

Accepted Answer

Diffusion of responsibility is a phenomenon where individuals feel less responsibility to take action when more people are present. In an online chat room with many participants, each participant may feel less responsible to provide help or assistance because they assume that someone else will do it. This can lead to a lack of action or a delayed response, ultimately resulting in less help being provided overall.

Question 17

Based on results of John Darley and Daniel Batson's (1973)"Good Samaritan" experiment,who is most likely to help an elderly woman who has slipped on the ice?

Accepted Answer

The "Good Samaritan" experiment showed that people's willingness to help is significantly influenced by their perceived level of busyness. In this scenario, Diane, who is killing time before an appointment, is perceived to be less busy than the other options and therefore more likely to help the elderly woman. The other factors such as reading the New Testament, being with friends, winning a speech contest, or being a seminary student do not necessarily indicate a willingness to help in this specific situation.

Question 18

Gillian is sitting in a crowded coffee shop when she hears the squeal of brakes and the crash of metal-on-metal.She looks around and notices that all the other customers remain engrossed in their conversations.Because these cool and calm responses _______,Gillian will be _______.

Accepted Answer

The cool and calm responses of the other customers lead to pluralistic ignorance, where each individual wrongly believes their own reaction is different from those of the group, thus making Gillian less likely to assume it's an emergency situation.

Question 19

Joseph was on the subway when he noticed a man lying slumped over on the seat.Joseph looked around at the other passengers,who seemed calm and unconcerned.Joseph concluded that the man was probably okay.However,the other passengers may have been looking around at Joseph,to see how he reacted.This would be an example of

Accepted Answer

Pluralistic ignorance occurs when individuals believe that their personal feelings or behaviors are different from those around them, leading to a false belief that the majority feels or behaves differently, and therefore, adopting the same behavior. In this case, Joseph assumed that since no one else appeared concerned, the man was probably okay, and the other passengers may have also assumed that since Joseph was not reacting, the man must be fine.

Question 20

Pluralistic ignorance is to _______ as diffusion of responsibility is to _______.

Accepted Answer

Pluralistic ignorance refers to the tendency to assume that others know better and are responding correctly in an ambiguous situation, leading to a lack of action. Diffusion of responsibility refers to the tendency for individuals to feel less responsible for taking action or helping in an emergency situation when others are present. Both relate to social psychology and how individuals behave in group situations, but they address different aspects of group influence. As such, the best answer is D - interpretation and personal responsibility.

Quiz 10: Prosocial Behaviour

According to reports (Rosenthal,1964) ,many of Kitty Genovese's unresponsive neighbours did hear her crying out,"Oh my God,he stabbed me! Please help me! Please help me!" This suggests that the reason that her neighbours failed to intervene followed from

Pluralistic ignorance is an example of the power of _______ to inhibit helping.

According to Bibb Latané and John Darley (1970) ,a number of things must occur before witnesses decide to intervene in an emergency situation.According to this stage model,diffusion of responsibility is most likely to affect witnesses'

The concept of _______ refers to the idea that when no bystanders to a possible emergency looked concerned,other bystanders assume that nothing is wrong.

John Darley and Daniel Batson (1973) conducted a study in which participants were provided the opportunity to help when they were on their way to deliver a brief speech on the Good Samaritan or on another topic.These researchers found that _ because _.

Which of the following is NOT one of the steps in Latané and Darley's model of bystander decision making?

Pluralistic ignorance results when _______ backfires.

Lessons learned from experimental research on the diffusion of responsibility suggest that Kitty Genovese might be alive today had

Pluralistic ignorance is most likely to discourage intervention in an emergency when

Uzo is walking down the street when she hears a scream.She looks around to see if anyone needs help and notices the other people on the street shrug and keep walking.She decides that the person probably just shouted out of surprise and doesn't actually need help.This is an example of

Juanita sees a crowd of people gathered around a man lying on the ground.She thinks about whether to call an ambulance,but then reasons that somebody else has probably already done so.This is an example of

According to the text,pluralistic ignorance plays a role in which of the following factors that influence whether or not bystanders help someone in need?

When other bystanders are present,people are less likely to interpret an event as an emergency._______ best explains why this is so.

Which of the following factors accounts for the fact that a person participating in an Internet chat room is less likely to receive help when more people are online?

Based on results of John Darley and Daniel Batson's (1973) "Good Samaritan" experiment,who is most likely to help an elderly woman who has slipped on the ice?

Gillian is sitting in a crowded coffee shop when she hears the squeal of brakes and the crash of metal-on-metal.She looks around and notices that all the other customers remain engrossed in their conversations.Because these cool and calm responses _,Gillian will be _.

Pluralistic ignorance is to _ as diffusion of responsibility is to _.

Quiz 10: Prosocial Behaviour

According to reports (Rosenthal,1964) ,many of Kitty Genovese's unresponsive neighbours did hear her crying out,"Oh my God,he stabbed me! Please help me! Please help me!" This suggests that the reason that her neighbours failed to intervene followed from

Pluralistic ignorance is an example of the power of _______ to inhibit helping.

According to Bibb Latané and John Darley (1970) ,a number of things must occur before witnesses decide to intervene in an emergency situation.According to this stage model,diffusion of responsibility is most likely to affect witnesses'

The concept of _______ refers to the idea that when no bystanders to a possible emergency looked concerned,other bystanders assume that nothing is wrong.

John Darley and Daniel Batson (1973) conducted a study in which participants were provided the opportunity to help when they were on their way to deliver a brief speech on the Good Samaritan or on another topic.These researchers found that _______ because _______.

Which of the following is NOT one of the steps in Latané and Darley's model of bystander decision making?

Pluralistic ignorance results when _______ backfires.

Lessons learned from experimental research on the diffusion of responsibility suggest that Kitty Genovese might be alive today had

Pluralistic ignorance is most likely to discourage intervention in an emergency when

Uzo is walking down the street when she hears a scream.She looks around to see if anyone needs help and notices the other people on the street shrug and keep walking.She decides that the person probably just shouted out of surprise and doesn't actually need help.This is an example of

Juanita sees a crowd of people gathered around a man lying on the ground.She thinks about whether to call an ambulance,but then reasons that somebody else has probably already done so.This is an example of

According to the text,pluralistic ignorance plays a role in which of the following factors that influence whether or not bystanders help someone in need?

When other bystanders are present,people are less likely to interpret an event as an emergency._______ best explains why this is so.

Which of the following factors accounts for the fact that a person participating in an Internet chat room is less likely to receive help when more people are online?

Based on results of John Darley and Daniel Batson's (1973) "Good Samaritan" experiment,who is most likely to help an elderly woman who has slipped on the ice?

Gillian is sitting in a crowded coffee shop when she hears the squeal of brakes and the crash of metal-on-metal.She looks around and notices that all the other customers remain engrossed in their conversations.Because these cool and calm responses _______,Gillian will be _______.

Pluralistic ignorance is to _______ as diffusion of responsibility is to _______.

John Darley and Daniel Batson (1973) conducted a study in which participants were provided the opportunity to help when they were on their way to deliver a brief speech on the Good Samaritan or on another topic.These researchers found that _ because _.

Gillian is sitting in a crowded coffee shop when she hears the squeal of brakes and the crash of metal-on-metal.She looks around and notices that all the other customers remain engrossed in their conversations.Because these cool and calm responses _,Gillian will be _.

Pluralistic ignorance is to _ as diffusion of responsibility is to _.