Question 1

A recent report found that a significant number of men in their first-year of college think unwanted sexual aggression is acceptable.These men are exhibiting which level of moral development regarding their acceptance of unwanted sexual aggression?
A) preformal
B) preconventional
C) conventional
D) postconventional

Accepted Answer

The preconventional level of moral development is characterized by a focus on self-interest and obedience to authority. In this case, the men are likely rationalizing their acceptance of unwanted sexual aggression based on cultural norms or personal desires, rather than considering the harm it causes to others.

Question 2

If you follow accepted authority, rules, and values or if your choices reflect a desire to please others, you are exhibiting moral reasoning at which level of development?
A) preconventional
B) conventional
C) unconventional
D) postconventional

Accepted Answer

The conventional level of moral reasoning is characterized by following accepted authority, rules, and values or the desire to please others. This level is typically seen in adolescence and early adulthood.

Question 3

Although Scott does not like to do lawn work, he cares for his lawn because "what would people think if he let his yard grow up." When using this line of reasoning, Scott is exhibiting which level of moral development?
A) preoperational
B) preconventional
C) conventional
D) postconventional

Accepted Answer

Scott's reasoning is based on societal expectations and norms, indicating he is at the conventional level of moral development.

Question 4

In the moral dilemma in your textbook that involved the druggist and the man who could not afford the medicine for his sick wife, which of the following responses would demonstrate the preconventional level?
A) Even if he steals the drug, his wife will probably die before he gets out of jail.
B) The druggist may be wrong, but the law says stealing is wrong.
C) People would think he was dishonest.
D) He should steal the drug but admit to it.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the moral dilemma in your textbook...

Question 5

A person who displays a traditional morality of authority would be at which of Kohlberg's levels?
A) postconventional level
B) preconventional level
C) conventional level
D) preoperational level

Accepted Answer

According to Kohlberg's theory of moral development, people at the conventional level tend to follow the rules and norms of society, as well as respect authority and maintain the social order. Therefore, a person who displays a traditional morality of authority would most likely be at the conventional level of moral development.

Question 6

A politician campaigning on a law-and-order platform is appealing to people at what level of moral development?
A) preconventional
B) postconventional
C) conventional
D) nonconformist

Accepted Answer

This politician is appealing to people at the conventional level of moral development because they are promoting adherence to social norms and rules in the form of law and order. This aligns with the second level of Kohlberg's theory of moral development, which emphasizes conformity to social norms and expectations.

Question 7

Kohlberg identified the three levels of moral development as the
A) preconventional, conventional, and postconventional.
B) preconditional, conditional, and unconditional.
C) self-orientation, authority-orientation, and social-orientation.
D) premoral, conventional, and postethical.

Accepted Answer

Kohlberg identified the three levels of moral development as the preconventional level (focused on self-interest and avoiding punishment), conventional level (focused on social norms and approval of others), and postconventional level (focused on principles and universal ethics).

Question 8

A human resources employee at a large corporation is told by his supervisor to hire the supervisor's unqualified relative for a job.Even though he may get fired, this human resources employee chooses instead to hire a qualified applicant because he believes this is the "right thing" to do based on his own ethical standards.Which level of moral reasoning guided this employee's decision?
A) postformal
B) preconventional
C) conventional
D) postconventional

Accepted Answer

The employee's decision to prioritize their own ethical standards over the directive of their supervisor demonstrates postconventional moral reasoning, which is characterized by an individual's willingness to act based on their own principles and values, even if it means going against authority or societal expectations.

Question 9

In the moral dilemma in your textbook that involved the druggist and the man who could not afford the medicine for his sick wife, which of the following responses would demonstrate the conventional level?
A) People would think he was dishonest and a "thief."
B) Even if he steals the drug, his wife will probably die before he gets out of jail.
C) His wife may be ill, but if he steals the drug he may get caught and go to jail.
D) He should steal the drug and admit to it.

Accepted Answer

The conventional level of moral reasoning, according to Kohlberg's stages of moral development, is characterized by an emphasis on social rules and the opinions of others. Choice A reflects this level by focusing on societal perception and the label of being a "thief," which aligns with the conventional stage's concern for maintaining social order and approval.

Question 10

Jorge does not cheat on tests or copy other students' work because he does not want to be suspended from school and receive a zero on his test or other schoolwork.If Jorge uses this type of moral reasoning in most situations, one could say that Jorge is exhibiting which level of moral development?
A) preconventional
B) conventional
C) postconventional
D) postformal

Accepted Answer

Jorge's reasoning is based on avoiding punishment and the direct consequences of his actions, which aligns with the preconventional level of moral development according to Kohlberg's theory. This level is characterized by an individual's focus on personal consequences rather than societal norms or ethical principles.

Question 11

In which level of moral development is moral reasoning directed by self-chosen ethical principles that tend to be general, comprehensive, or universal?
A) preoperational
B) preconventional
C) conventional
D) postconventional

Accepted Answer

According to Lawrence Kohlberg's theory of moral development, the level in which moral reasoning is directed by self-chosen ethical principles that tend to be general, comprehensive, or universal is the postconventional level. This level is characterized by the development of abstract reasoning and the understanding and acceptance of moral principles that may conflict with societal norms and laws. Individuals at this level have a strong sense of social justice and believe in the importance of individual rights and the greater good.

Question 12

To categorize people's level of moral development using Kohlberg's approach, a psychologist would
A) observe their behavior in situations in which conflicts occur between personal needs and those of others.
B) pose situations involving moral dilemmas to them and study the reasons they give for the actions they recommend.
C) ask them to classify behaviors as legal, illegal, moral, and immoral.
D) ask them to rank values that involve specific ways of reaching their own goals from most important to least important.

Accepted Answer

Kohlberg's approach involves posing moral dilemmas to individuals and studying the reasoning they give for their actions or recommendations, allowing the psychologist to categorize their level of moral development.

Question 13

Moral choices are determined by the direct consequences of one's actions in which level of moral development?
A) preconventional
B) conventional
C) unconventional
D) postconventional

Accepted Answer

In the preconventional level of moral development, individuals make moral choices based on the direct consequences of their actions. They may avoid punishment or seek rewards. Therefore, the best choice(s) would be those that avoid punishment or gain rewards, depending on the situation.

Question 14

A nurse and her husband come upon an accident late at night.While her husband stays with the accident victims and calls for help, the nurse breaks the window on the door of a nearby drugstore to get the supplies she needs to help these victims before the ambulance gets there.When the police arrive, she tells them what she did and offers to pay for the window and supplies.Which level of moral development is the nurse exhibiting?
A) postconventional
B) preconventional
C) conventional
D) postformal

Accepted Answer

The nurse is exhibiting postconventional moral development by putting the well-being of the accident victims above the property rights of the drugstore. She also takes responsibility for her actions and is willing to pay for any damages.

Question 15

People at which level of moral reasoning place a high value on justice, dignity, and equality?
A) traditional morality
B) ​conventional
C) ​postconventional
D) ​law-and-order orientation

Accepted Answer

Postconventional moral reasoning is the highest level, in which individuals value justice, dignity, and equality over following societal norms or laws. This level is characterized by a personal code of ethics and a willingness to challenge unjust laws or practices.

Question 16

An exchange of favors, a reward, or the avoidance of punishment would be examples of the direct consequences that would guide one's choices if the person were exhibiting which level of moral development?
A) preconventional
B) postconventional
C) conventional
D) relational exchange

Accepted Answer

The preconventional level of moral development is characterized by a focus on personal consequences and rewards. The person's choices are guided by the desire to avoid punishment and gain rewards or personal benefit.

Question 17

Patti does not speed on the highway because she is afraid of getting another ticket and losing her license and her insurance.If Patti uses this type of moral reasoning in most situations, one could say that Patti is exhibiting which level of moral development?
A) preconventional
B) conventional
C) postconventional
D) postformal

Accepted Answer

Patti's reasoning is based on avoiding punishment and personal consequences, which aligns with Kohlberg's preconventional level of moral development. This level is characterized by an individual's focus on self-interest and obeying rules to avoid punishment or gain rewards.

Question 18

In the moral dilemma in your textbook that involved the druggist and the man who could not afford the medicine for his sick wife, which of the following responses would demonstrate the postconventional level of moral development?
A) People would think he was dishonest.
B) The druggist may be wrong, but the law says stealing is wrong.
C) His wife may be ill, but if he steals the drug, he may get caught.
D) He should steal the drug but admit to it and turn himself into the police.

Accepted Answer

The postconventional level of moral development involves following internalized principles of justice and fairness, even if they conflict with laws or social norms. Choosing to steal the drug but admitting to it and turning oneself into the police would demonstrate a commitment to fairness and justice, as well as taking responsibility for one's actions. The other choices reflect preconventional or conventional moral reasoning that is based on external factors such as social norms or fear of punishment.

Question 19

In the moral dilemma in your textbook that involved the druggist and the man who could not afford the medicine for his sick wife, which of the following responses would demonstrate the conventional level?
A) Although his wife needs the drug, the law says that stealing is wrong.
B) Even if he steals the drug, his wife will probably die before he gets out of jail.
C) He cannot steal the drug because he might get caught and go to jail.
D) He should steal the drug to save his wife and then go "turn himself in" to the police.

Accepted Answer

The conventional level of moral reasoning is characterized by an emphasis on following rules and obeying authority. In this case, the response A demonstrates conventional level reasoning as it prioritizes adherence to the law over the well-being of the man's wife. The other responses involve more complex forms of moral reasoning beyond the conventional level, such as considering the consequences of actions and balancing different ethical principles.

Question 20

According to Kohlberg, the preconventional level is based on
A) a desire to win approval and self-chosen principles.
B) authority and self-chosen principles.
C) authority and a desire to win approval.
D) self-interest and avoiding punishment.

Accepted Answer

The preconventional level of moral development, according to Kohlberg, is characterized by a focus on self-interest and avoiding punishment. Children in this stage tend to follow rules because of the consequences of breaking them rather than because of a sense of moral obligation or consideration for others. They may also use physical power to get what they want.

Quiz 3: Human Development

A recent report found that a significant number of men in their first-year of college think unwanted sexual aggression is acceptable.These men are exhibiting which level of moral development regarding their acceptance of unwanted sexual aggression?

If you follow accepted authority, rules, and values or if your choices reflect a desire to please others, you are exhibiting moral reasoning at which level of development?

Although Scott does not like to do lawn work, he cares for his lawn because "what would people think if he let his yard grow up." When using this line of reasoning, Scott is exhibiting which level of moral development?

In the moral dilemma in your textbook that involved the druggist and the man who could not afford the medicine for his sick wife, which of the following responses would demonstrate the preconventional level?

A person who displays a traditional morality of authority would be at which of Kohlberg's levels?

A politician campaigning on a law-and-order platform is appealing to people at what level of moral development?

Kohlberg identified the three levels of moral development as the

In the moral dilemma in your textbook that involved the druggist and the man who could not afford the medicine for his sick wife, which of the following responses would demonstrate the conventional level?

Jorge does not cheat on tests or copy other students' work because he does not want to be suspended from school and receive a zero on his test or other schoolwork.If Jorge uses this type of moral reasoning in most situations, one could say that Jorge is exhibiting which level of moral development?

In which level of moral development is moral reasoning directed by self-chosen ethical principles that tend to be general, comprehensive, or universal?

To categorize people's level of moral development using Kohlberg's approach, a psychologist would

Moral choices are determined by the direct consequences of one's actions in which level of moral development?

People at which level of moral reasoning place a high value on justice, dignity, and equality?

An exchange of favors, a reward, or the avoidance of punishment would be examples of the direct consequences that would guide one's choices if the person were exhibiting which level of moral development?

Patti does not speed on the highway because she is afraid of getting another ticket and losing her license and her insurance.If Patti uses this type of moral reasoning in most situations, one could say that Patti is exhibiting which level of moral development?

In the moral dilemma in your textbook that involved the druggist and the man who could not afford the medicine for his sick wife, which of the following responses would demonstrate the postconventional level of moral development?

In the moral dilemma in your textbook that involved the druggist and the man who could not afford the medicine for his sick wife, which of the following responses would demonstrate the conventional level?

According to Kohlberg, the preconventional level is based on