Question 1

Which drug was nicknamed the "date rape drug"?

Accepted Answer

Rohypnol has been nicknamed the "date rape drug" due to its ability to cause sedation and memory loss, making it easier for someone to be sexually assaulted unknowingly. Valium, Xanax, and Ativan are benzodiazepines, which can also cause sedation, but they are not commonly associated with incidents of date rape.

Question 2

Which of the following is classified as a benzodiazepine?

Accepted Answer

Halcion is a benzodiazepine commonly used to treat insomnia. Seconal and Amytal are barbiturates, while Rohypnol is a benzodiazepine-like drug known as a "date rape" drug.

Question 3

Heroin and methadone are cross-tolerant.What does this mean?

Accepted Answer

Cross-tolerance means that two substances produce similar effects because they act on the same neurotransmitter receptors. In this case, heroin and methadone both act on the same receptors in the brain and produce similar effects, so a person addicted to one drug may become addicted to the other. This is why methadone is sometimes used in heroin addiction treatment, as it can help to reduce withdrawal symptoms and cravings.

Question 4

Barrett and colleagues (2006) found that administering nicotine (through tobacco smoke) leads most smokers to increase their alcohol consumption.According to the researchers, which of the following reasons may explain the cause?

Accepted Answer

Nicotine may make drinking alcohol more rewarding in terms of its effect on the dopamine reward system.

Question 5

Which statement best describes the risks associated with opioid withdrawal?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which statement best describes the risks associated...

Question 6

Why was the use of Rohypnol popular among adolescents in the 1990s?

Accepted Answer

Rohypnol was popular among adolescents in the 1990s because it has the same effect as alcohol without the tell-tale odour. This made it easier for them to consume it without their parents or authorities detecting it.

Question 7

Dr.Reid is studying the efficacy of Gamblers Anonymous.What has she found to be necessary for the program to work?

Accepted Answer

Dr. Reid found that the gambler must have a desire to quit gambling before they start treatment for the program to work. None of the other options are mentioned as necessary for the program to work.

Question 8

Yan has kleptomania.She feels a sense of tension before she shoplifts.After she shoplifts, what does she feel?

Accepted Answer

Individuals with kleptomania often feel a sense of relief after they shoplift. This feeling of relief is temporary and does not alleviate the underlying emotional tension that drives the behavior.

Question 9

What was demonstrated by the Conrod and colleagues' (2000) study on substance use treatment in substance-abusing women?

Accepted Answer

The Conrod and colleagues' (2000) study demonstrated that matching treatment to the client's level of motivation is important for treatment success. The study found that a cognitive-behavioral intervention that matched treatment to the participant's level of motivation was more effective in reducing substance use than a non-matched control group. Covert sensitization, anxiety sensitivity, and reinforcers were not specifically addressed in this study.

Question 10

When a person is physiologically dependent on a drug, what will he or she most likely experience?

Accepted Answer

Physiological dependence on a drug is characterized by both tolerance, where a person requires increasingly higher doses of the drug to achieve the same effects, and withdrawal, where a person experiences unpleasant symptoms when the drug is suddenly stopped.

Question 11

Nick has been an alcoholic for many years.He has also experienced major depression and manic episodes.Approximately what percentage of alcoholics also have an additional psychiatric disorder?

Accepted Answer

Approximately 50% of alcoholics also have an additional psychiatric disorder, such as depression or bipolar disorder.

Question 12

In the 1950s, Dr.Humphrey Osmond experimented with the hallucinogenic drug LSD as a treatment for which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Dr. Humphrey Osmond experimented with LSD as a treatment for alcoholism in the 1950s. He believed that the drug could help patients experience a transformative mystical experience that would assist them in overcoming their addiction.

Question 13

What does the term "anxiolytic" mean?

Accepted Answer

Anxiolytic refers to a substance or medication that reduces anxiety.

Question 14

In a study of health inequalities in Canada, smoking prevalence was NOT found to be related to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In a study of health inequalities in...

Question 15

Joseph meets the criteria for five symptoms of substance use disorder.What range would he fall under for this disorder?

Accepted Answer

The criteria for substance use disorder include 11 symptoms, and if a person meets 2-3 symptoms, they are classified as having a mild disorder; if they meet 4-5 symptoms, they are classified as having a moderate disorder; and if they meet 6 or more symptoms, they are classified as having a severe disorder. Joseph meets the criteria for 5 symptoms, which places him in the moderate range.

Question 16

What does research data show is the relationship between gene(s) and substance abuse?

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that substance abuse and dependence are complex disorders that involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors. No single gene has been identified as causing substance abuse or dependence. Rather, multiple genes, each with small effects, may contribute to an individual's vulnerability to substance abuse.

Question 17

Which term refers to the disturbing but common habit of using multiple substances?

Accepted Answer

Polysubstance use refers to the disturbing but common habit of using multiple substances. Comorbid substance use refers to the presence of multiple disorders or conditions, including substance use disorders. Substance dependence refers to a specific diagnosis in which an individual meets criteria for physiological and psychological dependence on a particular substance. Multisubstance use is not a recognized or commonly used term in the field of substance use disorders.

Question 18

The hallucinogenic drug LSD is produced synthetically in laboratories.However, a naturally occurring derivative has caused outbreaks of illness throughout history.What is this naturally occurring derivative?

Accepted Answer

The naturally occurring derivative referred to in the question is ergot. Ergot is a fungus that grows on grains such as rye, and contains several alkaloids including ergotamine and ergonovine which have similar effects to LSD. Ergot poisoning, also known as ergotism, can result in hallucinations, muscle pain, and even gangrene. Ergotism outbreaks have occurred throughout history, including during the Middle Ages in Europe where it was called St. Anthony's Fire.

Question 19

What physiological reaction appears to prevent some persons from becoming alcohol dependent?

Accepted Answer

The skin-flushing response, often experienced by individuals with East Asian ancestry, is a genetic variation that causes difficulty in metabolizing alcohol. This can result in unpleasant symptoms such as rapid heartbeat, dizziness, and flushing, which may discourage individuals from drinking and therefore prevent alcohol dependence.

Question 20

A 2003 study by Galambos and colleagues examined the influence of parenting behaviours and of peers on children's adjustment in early adolescence.What did the results of this study suggest?

Accepted Answer

The study found that parenting behaviour had a significant impact on adolescents' use of alcohol and drugs, despite the presence of negative peer influences.

Quiz 12: Personality Disorders