Question 1

You are sitting on an airplane with 100 adult men and 100 adult women.About how many of the men are likely to be classified as heavy drinkers?

Accepted Answer

According to statistics, approximately 17% of men are classified as heavy drinkers. Therefore, out of 100 adult men on the airplane, approximately 17 of them are likely to be heavy drinkers.

Question 2

In some individuals, chronic alcohol use causes physical damage to the body.Whether this occurs depends on several factors.Which of the following is NOT one of these factors?

Accepted Answer

The type of alcohol consumed is not a factor in determining whether chronic alcohol use will cause physical damage to the body. The factors that do determine this include how frequently and how long drinking binges occur, how much time elapses between binges, genetic vulnerability, and blood alcohol levels during drinking periods.

Question 3

Substance dependence often involves drug-seeking behaviours.Which of the following is NOT one of these behaviours?

Accepted Answer

Physical symptoms when the drug is no longer used are actually a common withdrawal symptom of substance dependence, and therefore can be considered a drug-seeking behavior. Choices A, C, and D all involve actively seeking out and/or consuming more of the drug.

Question 4

Joan consumes alcohol alone in her residence room when she has trouble sleeping.What level of involvement with alcohol would best apply to Joan?

Accepted Answer

Joan consumes alcohol for a specific purpose, which in this case is to help her sleep better. This indicates substance use, which is the lowest level of involvement with alcohol.

Question 5

Dr.Palmer is developing a treatment program for people with kleptomania.In order to best serve his patient population, he is planning a treatment program that will help with the impulse control component of kleptomania.What else could it potentially help treat?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Dr.Palmer is developing a treatment program for...

Question 6

In trying to understand why some individuals become addicted to drugs and others do not, it is important to consider the negative reinforcement that is associated with the anxiolytic effect.What is the anxiolytic effect?

Accepted Answer

The anxiolytic effect refers to a drug's ability to reduce anxiety. This can be a powerful motivator for individuals who experience chronic anxiety or stress, as it provides temporary relief from negative feelings. The positive reinforcement associated with this effect can create a cycle of drug use, as individuals seek out the drug in order to alleviate their symptoms.

Question 7

An alcoholic who is highly motivated to stop drinking and who understands the possible consequences of treatment may be prescribed the medication Antabuse.What is this medication an example of?

Accepted Answer

Antabuse is considered an aversive medication because it induces negative physical reactions, such as nausea and vomiting, when alcohol is consumed, which helps deter the individual from drinking.

Question 8

Which of the following is classified as a barbiturate?

Accepted Answer

Nembutal is classified as a barbiturate, while Xanax and Rohypnol are benzodiazepines and alcohol is a depressant.

Question 9

What are alcohol and the drugs Seconal, Halcion, and Valium classified as?

Accepted Answer

Alcohol, Seconal, Halcion, and Valium are all central nervous system depressants. They slow down the activity of the brain and nervous system, leading to drowsiness, relaxation, and in high doses, can result in unconsciousness or even death. Therefore, the correct classification for these substances is depressants.

Question 10

In the community reinforcement approach to substance use treatment, which facet is NOT targeted?

Accepted Answer

The community reinforcement approach does not necessarily recruit all individuals in relationships with the individual for relationship therapy. Instead, it focuses on the individual's social network and encourages them to become involved in non-substance-using activities and relationships.

Question 11

What do inhalants cause?

Accepted Answer

Inhalants can cause serious damage to various organs in the body, including bone marrow, kidneys, liver, and brain. Inhalant abuse can also lead to long-term cognitive and neurological problems.

Question 12

Which drugs act directly on the dopamine system?

Accepted Answer

Amphetamines and cocaine both act directly on the dopamine system, increasing the release and blocking the reuptake of dopamine neurotransmitters, resulting in increased dopamine activity in the brain.

Question 13

Shannon has been using heroin for two years.Lately, she has found she must inject higher and higher dosages of the drug to get the same high she has come to expect from her drug use.What is the term for this need for higher dosages?

Accepted Answer

Tolerance refers to the need for higher doses of a drug to achieve the same effect or high that was once achieved with a lower dose. This can be a sign of physical dependence and addiction.

Question 14

Karrie uses an illicit "designer drug" that is a dissociative anesthetic.It produces in her a sense of detachment along with a reduced awareness of pain.What drug is it?

Accepted Answer

The drug "K" or "Special K" is the street name for Ketamine, which is a dissociative anesthetic. It can produce a sense of detachment and reduced awareness of pain, just as described in the scenario.

Question 15

What did laboratory research involving "drug addiction" in animals demonstrate about the positive reinforcing effect of drugs?

Accepted Answer

Laboratory research on animals demonstrated that the positive reinforcing effect of drugs occurs independently of social and cultural influences, as these factors are not present in controlled animal studies.

Question 16

In their controlled study of the effects of cocaine exposure on the developing fetus, what did Potter and colleagues (2000) find in the cocaine-exposed infants?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In their controlled study of the effects...

Question 17

What can repeated use of MDMA cause?

Accepted Answer

Repeated use of MDMA (also known as ecstasy) can cause lasting memory problems, as well as other cognitive and psychiatric effects. While it can also cause mood changes, insomnia and loss of appetite, the most significant long-term consequence is the potential for lasting damage to memory and brain function.

Question 18

What does the term "sensitization" mean?

Accepted Answer

Sensitization refers to an increased response to a drug following repeated exposure, often involving increased dopamine release in the brain's reward pathways.

Question 19

Lisa has been using crack for about two months now.Although she knows it is destroying her job performance and she has been reprimanded for missing work, she refuses to give it up.She says she can quit whenever she wants to and just uses crack because she enjoys it.She tells others who question her drug use to mind their own business and leave her alone.What is Lisa's level of involvement with the drug?

Accepted Answer

Lisa's behavior fits the criteria for substance use disorder, as she is continuing to use drugs despite negative consequences and is exhibiting defensive and secretive behavior.

Question 20

Research on the mechanism responsible for the differences in early alcohol use suggest which of the following is related to later use?

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that an individual's response to the sedative effects of alcohol can predict later use, as those who experience less sedation may drink more to achieve desired effects.

Quiz 12: Personality Disorders