Question 1

What is the strongest acid in the following reaction if the equilibrium constant is much less than 0.01?

Accepted Answer

C

Question 2

What is the role of water in the following reaction?

Accepted Answer

D

Question 3

Identify the conjugate acids in the following reactions.

Accepted Answer

The conjugate acid is the species formed by adding a proton (H+) to the base. 
I. NH3 + HCl -> NH4+ + Cl-, NH3 is the base, NH4+ is its conjugate acid
II. HCO3- + OH- -> CO3^2- + H2O, HCO3- is the acid, and CO3^2- is its conjugate base
III. H2O + HCO3- -> H3O+ + CO3^2-, HCO3- is the acid, and H2O is its conjugate base
IV. HCOOH + H2O -> H3O+ + HCOO-, HCOOH is the acid, and HCOO- is its conjugate base
V. HSO4- + H2O -> H3O+ + SO4^2-, HSO4- is the acid, and SO4^2- is its conjugate base
VI. HS- + H2O -> H3O+ + S2-, HS- is the acid, and S2- is its conjugate base

Question 4

Identify the Arrhenius acids: I. HCl II. NaOH III. HNO₃ IV. Ca(OH)₂

Accepted Answer

Arrhenius acids are substances that increase the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in aqueous solution. HCl is a classic example, dissociating to produce H+ ions in water. HNO₃ seems to be a typographical error, but if it's intended to represent a compound that releases H+ ions, it would also be considered an Arrhenius acid. NaOH and Ca(OH)2 are bases, not acids, as they increase the concentration of hydroxide ions (OH-) in solution.

Question 5

List the bonds in order of decreasing acidity (most to least).

Accepted Answer

The answer of List the bonds in order of decreasing...

Question 6

Which equilibria have equilibrium constants greater than 1.0?

Accepted Answer

Equilibrium constants greater than 1.0 indicate that the forward reaction is favored, which means that the concentration of products is higher than the concentration of reactants at equilibrium. Looking at the given equilibria:
I) N2(g) + 3H2(g) ⇌ 2NH3(g) (K = 4.34 x 10^2)
II) H2(g) + Br2(g) ⇌ 2HBr(g) (K = 6.3 x 10^2)
III) 2NO(g) + O2(g) ⇌ 2NO2(g) (K = 4.53 x 10^5)
IV) 2SO2(g) + O2(g) ⇌ 2SO3(g) (K = 4.62 x 10^-1)
Only I, III, and IV have equilibrium constants greater than 1.0, so the answer is B.

Question 7

Which are acid-base reactions according to Brønsted-Lowry theory?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which are acid-base reactions according to Brønsted-Lowry...

Question 8

Which is the stronger base if the equilibrium lies to the right? (Sec. 2.4, HARD)

Accepted Answer

If the equilibrium lies to the right, it means that the forward reaction is favored and the concentration of products is higher than the concentration of reactants. This indicates that the base on the product side is stronger than the base on the reactant side. In option B, the product side has a stronger base (OH-) compared to the reactant side (NH3), hence option B is the stronger base.

Question 9

Which ion is the strongest base?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which ion is the strongest base?

...

Question 10

Identify the conjugate bases in the following reactions.

Accepted Answer

- II: HSO4- is the conjugate base of H2SO4.
- III: HCO3- is the conjugate base of H2CO3.
- VI: HPO42- is the conjugate base of H2PO4-.

Question 11

Identify the Arrhenius bases: I. NH₃ II. NaOH III. HI IV. Ca(OH)₂

Accepted Answer

NaOH and Ca(OH)2 are the Arrhenius bases because they both dissociate in water to produce hydroxide ions (OH-) which are responsible for the basic properties. NH₃ and HI are not Arrhenius bases as they do not produce hydroxide ions when dissolved in water.

Question 12

Which of these has the lowest numerical value of pKa and is therefore the strongest acid?

Accepted Answer

HCl has the lowest numerical value of pKa (-6.3) compared to the other options, making it the strongest acid. Option A (CH₃COOH) has a pKa of 3.1, option B (H₂O) has a pKa of 10.0, and option C (NH₄⁺) has a pKa of 7.7 for the acidic proton.

Question 13

Identify the Brønsted-Lowry acids in the following reactions.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Identify the Brønsted-Lowry acids in the following...

Question 14

Which equilibria have equilibrium constants smaller than 1.0?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which equilibria have equilibrium constants smaller than...

Question 15

What is the stronger acid in the following reaction if the equilibrium constant is approximately 10⁸.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the stronger acid in the...

Question 16

Arrange the following species in the order of increasing acidity (weakest to strongest). I. H₂O II. H₃O⁺ III. NH₄⁺

Accepted Answer

Water (H2O) is less acidic than ammonium ion (NH4+), which is less acidic than hydronium ion (H3O+).

Question 17

Arrange the following species in order of increasing basicity (weakest to strongest). I. OH^- II. Cl^- III. H₂O IV. NH₃

Accepted Answer

Cl^- is the weakest base as it is a conjugate base of a strong acid (HCl). H₂O is a neutral molecule and less basic than NH₃. NH₃ is a weak base, and OH^- is the strongest base among the given species.

Question 18

Which statements about acid-base equilibria are true? I. The pKa is the negative log₁₀ of the acid equilibrium constant. II. A stronger acid has a pKa with a smaller value than a weaker acid. III. The stronger the base, the smaller the pKa of its conjugate acid. IV. The Ka = K [HA].

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which statements about acid-base equilibria are true?
I....

Question 19

Which are acid-base reactions according to the Brønsted-Lowry theory?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which are acid-base reactions according to the...

Question 20

List the bonds in order of increasing acidity (least to most).

Accepted Answer

The answer of List the bonds in order of increasing...

Quiz 2: Acids and Bases

What is the strongest acid in the following reaction if the equilibrium constant is much less than 0.01?

What is the role of water in the following reaction?

Identify the conjugate acids in the following reactions.

Identify the Arrhenius acids: I. HCl II. NaOH III. HNO₃ IV. Ca(OH) ₂

List the bonds in order of decreasing acidity (most to least) .

Which equilibria have equilibrium constants greater than 1.0?

Which are acid-base reactions according to Brønsted-Lowry theory?

Which is the stronger base if the equilibrium lies to the right? (Sec. 2.4, HARD)

Which ion is the strongest base?

Identify the conjugate bases in the following reactions.

Identify the Arrhenius bases: I. NH₃ II. NaOH III. HI IV. Ca(OH) ₂

Which of these has the lowest numerical value of pKa and is therefore the strongest acid?

Identify the Brønsted-Lowry acids in the following reactions.

Which equilibria have equilibrium constants smaller than 1.0?

What is the stronger acid in the following reaction if the equilibrium constant is approximately 10⁸.

Arrange the following species in the order of increasing acidity (weakest to strongest) . I. H₂O II. H₃O⁺ III. NH₄⁺

Arrange the following species in order of increasing basicity (weakest to strongest) . I. OH^- II. Cl^- III. H₂O IV. NH₃

Which statements about acid-base equilibria are true? I. The pKa is the negative log₁₀ of the acid equilibrium constant. II. A stronger acid has a pKa with a smaller value than a weaker acid. III. The stronger the base, the smaller the pKa of its conjugate acid. IV. The Ka = K [HA].

Which are acid-base reactions according to the Brønsted-Lowry theory?

List the bonds in order of increasing acidity (least to most) .

Quiz 2: Acids and Bases

What is the strongest acid in the following reaction if the equilibrium constant is much less than 0.01?

What is the role of water in the following reaction?

Identify the conjugate acids in the following reactions.

Identify the Arrhenius acids: I. HCl II. NaOH III. HNO3 IV. Ca(OH) 2

List the bonds in order of decreasing acidity (most to least) .

Which equilibria have equilibrium constants greater than 1.0?

Which are acid-base reactions according to Brønsted-Lowry theory?

Which is the stronger base if the equilibrium lies to the right? (Sec. 2.4, HARD)

Which ion is the strongest base?

Identify the conjugate bases in the following reactions.

Identify the Arrhenius bases: I. NH3 II. NaOH III. HI IV. Ca(OH) 2

Which of these has the lowest numerical value of pKa and is therefore the strongest acid?

Identify the Brønsted-Lowry acids in the following reactions.

Which equilibria have equilibrium constants smaller than 1.0?

What is the stronger acid in the following reaction if the equilibrium constant is approximately 108.

Arrange the following species in the order of increasing acidity (weakest to strongest) . I. H2O II. H3O+ III. NH4+

Arrange the following species in order of increasing basicity (weakest to strongest) . I. OH- II. Cl- III. H2O IV. NH3

Which statements about acid-base equilibria are true? I. The pKa is the negative log10 of the acid equilibrium constant. II. A stronger acid has a pKa with a smaller value than a weaker acid. III. The stronger the base, the smaller the pKa of its conjugate acid. IV. The Ka = K [HA].

Which are acid-base reactions according to the Brønsted-Lowry theory?

List the bonds in order of increasing acidity (least to most) .

Identify the Arrhenius acids: I. HCl II. NaOH III. HNO₃ IV. Ca(OH) ₂

Identify the Arrhenius bases: I. NH₃ II. NaOH III. HI IV. Ca(OH) ₂

What is the stronger acid in the following reaction if the equilibrium constant is approximately 10⁸.

Arrange the following species in the order of increasing acidity (weakest to strongest) . I. H₂O II. H₃O⁺ III. NH₄⁺

Arrange the following species in order of increasing basicity (weakest to strongest) . I. OH^- II. Cl^- III. H₂O IV. NH₃

Which statements about acid-base equilibria are true? I. The pKa is the negative log₁₀ of the acid equilibrium constant. II. A stronger acid has a pKa with a smaller value than a weaker acid. III. The stronger the base, the smaller the pKa of its conjugate acid. IV. The Ka = K [HA].