Question 1

What function does the nucleolus have?

Accepted Answer

The nucleolus is primarily involved in the synthesis of ribosomal RNA (rRNA), which is a crucial component of ribosomes, the cellular structures responsible for protein synthesis.

Question 2

There is an antibiotic called streptomycin that inhibits the function of bacterial ribosomes. Consequently, as the bacterial cells die, the person taking the antibiotics gets better. In other words, the antibiotic destroys bacteria by

Accepted Answer

Streptomycin inhibits the function of bacterial ribosomes, which are essential for protein synthesis. By preventing bacteria from producing proteins, it effectively kills them, leading to the improvement of the person taking the antibiotic.

Question 3

Which of the following statements describes the function of a chloroplast?

Accepted Answer

Chloroplasts are organelles found in plant cells and some algae that convert light energy into chemical energy through photosynthesis, producing glucose and oxygen from carbon dioxide and water.

Question 4

Which of the following structures would not be found only in a eukaryoticcell?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following structures would not...

Question 5

Carrie would like to observe the cilia on the surface of a live paramecium-a single-celled organism. The best device to do this would be a(n)

Accepted Answer

A light microscope is suitable for observing live specimens like a paramecium and its cilia, as it allows for the observation of living organisms in detail without the need for the specimen to be fixed or vacuum conditions, unlike an electron microscope.

Question 6

A cell being observed under a microscope has a cell wall, plasma membrane, ribosomes, and chromosomal material that is not found in a nucleus. Based on this information, the cell could be a

Accepted Answer

The presence of a cell wall, plasma membrane, ribosomes, and chromosomal material not enclosed in a nucleus are characteristic features of a prokaryotic cell, which includes bacterial cells. Plants, fungi, and animals (including fish and paramecium) have eukaryotic cells, which contain a nucleus.

Question 7

Which statement below is correct when comparing plant and animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Plant cells have both a plasma membrane and a cell wall, which provides additional support and structure. Animal cells, however, only have a plasma membrane and lack a cell wall.

Question 8

Which of the following is a correct matching of an organelle and its function?

Accepted Answer

The mitochondrion is known as the powerhouse of the cell, where cellular respiration occurs, converting glucose into ATP (energy) for the cell.

Question 9

Which of the following is a function of the nucleus?

Accepted Answer

The nucleus acts as the control center of the cell, directing the cell's activities and storing DNA, which contains the instructions for building proteins and directing cell growth, development, and reproduction.

Question 10

Which of the following is involved in the breakdown of damaged organelles?

Accepted Answer

Lysosomes are involved in the breakdown of damaged organelles by using their digestive enzymes to recycle cellular components.

Question 11

Identify the organelle - function pairing that is mismatched.

Accepted Answer

The plasma membrane is not the outermost barrier of a plant cell; that role is played by the cell wall. The plasma membrane is present in all cells and serves as a selective barrier, regulating the movement of substances in and out of the cell.

Question 12

A tadpole that is undergoing metamorphosis into a frog and no longer requires a tail. Which organelle would help assist in the tail loss?

Accepted Answer

Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes that break down cellular waste and debris, including the cells in the tadpole's tail during metamorphosis, thus assisting in the tail's absorption back into the body.

Question 13

A general eukaryotic cell is typically in the area of

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells are generally in the range of 10-100 micrometers (μm) in size.

Question 14

Which of the following organelles would form a membrane-bound package, also known as a vesicle?

Accepted Answer

The Golgi apparatus is responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins and lipids into vesicles for delivery to targeted destinations.

Question 15

Mitochondria are found in

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria are found in both plant cells and animal cells, as they are the organelles responsible for producing energy through cellular respiration in eukaryotic cells.

Question 16

What must materials pass through to enter or leave a cell?

Accepted Answer

The plasma membrane is the structure that surrounds the cell, providing a barrier that controls the movement of substances into and out of the cell.

Question 17

Which of the following organelles lacks a membrane?

Accepted Answer

Ribosomes lack a membrane, distinguishing them from other organelles listed, which are all membrane-bound. Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis in the cell and consist of RNA and proteins.

Question 18

Without gap junctions in certain tissues,

Accepted Answer

Gap junctions are specialized intercellular connections that facilitate direct communication between cells by allowing the passage of ions, metabolites, and other small molecules. Without them, cells would not be able to communicate effectively with each other.

Question 19

Which of the following organelles would be abundant in a sperm cell that is actively swimming towards an egg cell?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria are abundant in sperm cells to provide the necessary energy (ATP) for the movement of the tail (flagellum), enabling the sperm to swim towards the egg.

Question 20

A cell that cannot produce enough energy to function properly most likely has a problem with its

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria are known as the powerhouses of the cell because they are responsible for producing adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the cell's main energy currency. A problem with the mitochondria would directly impact the cell's ability to produce enough energy.

Quiz 4: Inside the Cell