Question 1

You watch a commercial for running shoes in which a very famous athlete claims that they use the shoes and they are the best. You decide to buy the shoes. You have been influenced by
A)the central route to persuasion
B)the peripheral route to persuasion
C)self-refutational approach to persuasion
D)self-justification
E)the theory of other-perception

Accepted Answer

The peripheral route to persuasion involves being influenced by external cues such as the attractiveness or celebrity status of the person endorsing a product, rather than the quality of the product itself. In this scenario, the decision to buy the shoes is based on the endorsement by a famous athlete, not on an analysis of the shoes' features or quality.

Question 2

After conducting a series of interviews, the members of the hiring committee feel fairly positive about Ms. Rajwa. After discussing her performance during the interview, the committee members feel even more positive about this job candidate. This is best considered an example of
A)cognitive dissonance
B)group polarization
C)group think
D)realistic conflict theory
E)stereotype threat

Accepted Answer

Group polarization occurs when discussions within a group lead to an exaggeration of the group's initial attitudes. In this case, the committee members' positive feelings towards Ms. Rajwa became even more positive after discussing her performance, illustrating group polarization.

Question 3

To use the door-in-the-face technique for persuasion you must first
A)ask for a small favour
B)ask for a large favour
C)ask for general agreement to help you
D)remind the other person that you have helped them in the past
E)be prepared to change the rules

Accepted Answer

The door-in-the-face technique involves initially making a large request that is likely to be refused, followed by a smaller, more reasonable request. This approach makes the second request seem more acceptable in comparison.

Question 4

You are trying to get a friend to lend you $20. You think that it might be a good idea to ask him for $10 first, then after he gives it to you, ask if he happens to have another $10. If you do this you would be using
A)the over-justification effect
B)the door-in-the-face technique
C)the foot-in-the-door technique
D)the low-ball technique
E)the distress relief technique

Accepted Answer

This approach is an example of the foot-in-the-door technique, where a small request is made first to increase the likelihood of compliance with a larger request later.

Question 5

You are trying to get a friend to lend you $20. You think that it might be a good idea to ask him for $50 first, then after he refuses, ask if he could give you $20. If you do this you would be using
A)the over-justification effect
B)the door-in-the-face technique
C)the foot-in-the-door technique
D)the low-ball technique
E)the distress relief technique

Accepted Answer

The door-in-the-face technique involves making a large request that is expected to be refused, followed by a smaller request (the actual goal). This approach makes the second, smaller request seem more reasonable by comparison, increasing the likelihood of agreement.

Question 6

Jon and Madison have been dating for several weeks and are both considering making their relationship exclusive and not seeing other people. According to the work on close relationships , their relationship will tend to grow closer and deeper if
A)there is sexual intimacy
B)the relationship exceeds their respective expectations
C)there is no other reasonable alternative relationships for both of them
D)their respective friends deem that Jon and Madison are similar
E)there is enough self-disclosure

Accepted Answer

Self-disclosure is a key factor in developing closeness and depth in relationships, as it fosters trust and understanding between partners.

Question 7

Commercials often use famous people or attractive models to sell their product. They are trying to use
A)the peripheral route to persuasion
B)the central route to persuasion
C)self-refutational approach to persuasion
D)self-justification
E)the theory of other-perception

Accepted Answer

The peripheral route to persuasion involves influencing people through incidental cues, such as a speaker's attractiveness or celebrity endorsements, rather than through argument quality. This is why using famous people or attractive models in commercials is an example of the peripheral route to persuasion.

Question 8

You are trying to get a friend to lend you $20 for dinner because you have no cash. So you ask him if he has $5. He gives that to you. Then at the checkout you mention that, unfortunately, you didn't bring your wallet and could he give another $15. Which of the following have you used on your friend?
A)The over-justification effect
B)The door-in-the-face technique
C)The foot-in-the-door technique
D)The low-ball technique
E)The distress relief technique

Accepted Answer

The answer of You are trying to get a friend...

Question 9

In a psychology experiment, the experimenter forces you to write a counterattitudinal essay in favour of raising tuition. After you do so, you asked what you really think about raising tuition. According to the theory of cognitive dissonance, you will
A)have a more positive attitude than before about raising tuition
B)have a more negative attitude than before about raising tuition
C)complain about the nature of the experiment
D)not change your attitude at all
E)feel a threat to your self-worth

Accepted Answer

The answer of In a psychology experiment, the experimenter forces...

Question 10

You watch a commercial for a new iPhone in which the narrator explains the benefits of the new camera system over any other phone on the market. You are convinced and go out and buy the phone. You have been influenced by
A)the central route to persuasion
B)the peripheral route to persuasion
C)self-refutational approach to persuasion
D)self-justification
E)the low-ball technique

Accepted Answer

The answer of You watch a commercial for a new...

Question 11

Gerri's boyfriend wants her to type his term paper for him, so he first asks her to type the cover page. After she does this, he then asks her to type the whole paper. Gerri appears to be a potential victim of
A)self-monitoring
B)the low-ball technique
C)the over-justification effect
D)the foot-in-the-door technique
E)the door-in-the-face technique

Accepted Answer

The foot-in-the-door technique involves getting someone to agree to a small request first, which increases the likelihood they will agree to a larger request later. Gerri was first asked to type the cover page (small request) and then the whole paper (larger request).

Question 12

Krista has been in a romantic relationship with Alek for several months. Initially, her feelings for her partner were very intense and ranged from ecstatic highs when seeing her partner to sometimes heart-breaking lows when her partner was away. These feelings have faded somewhat, and more recently, she has also noticed more feelings of affection and caring for her partner. The difference between her initial and recent feelings best demonstrates the difference between Sternberg's
A)passionate love and companionate love
B)companionate love and erotic love
C)intimacy and consummate love
D)commitment love and companionate love
E)erotic love and monotony

Accepted Answer

Sternberg's theory distinguishes between passionate love, characterized by intense emotions and sexual attraction, and companionate love, which is based on deep affection and commitment. Krista's experience from intense feelings to affection and caring aligns with this transition.

Question 13

You see an individual on the bus punch someone else in the nose. You immediately conclude that the first person is very aggressive. You have just committed the
A)fundamental attribution error
B)self-serving bias
C)recency bias
D)communicator credibility error
E)dissonance error

Accepted Answer

The fundamental attribution error occurs when someone attributes another person's behavior to their character or personality, rather than considering external factors that may have influenced their actions. In this scenario, concluding that the person is very aggressive based on a single action without considering any external circumstances is an example of this error.

Question 14

People are most likely to aggress against another person when they perceive that the other person's behaviour was
A)unintended or controllable
B)unintended or uncontrollable
C)intended or controllable
D)intended or uncontrollable
E)vicious or uncontrollable

Accepted Answer

People are most likely to aggress against another person when they perceive the other person's behavior as intended or controllable, as this suggests a deliberate action to harm or provoke.

Question 15

A friend of yours offers to sell you some concert tickets for $200. You think this is a pretty good price so you agree. He then sends you an email with a bill for $325, explaining that the original price did not include tax, venue fees or a one-time event charge. Reluctantly, you pay the $325, knowing that you are a victim of
A)the over-justification effect
B)the door-in-the-face technique
C)the foot-in-the-door technique
D)the low-ball technique
E)the distress relief technique

Accepted Answer

The low-ball technique involves initially offering a deal at a lower price to get agreement and then raising the price by adding on extra costs or fees, which is what happened in this scenario.

Question 16

Gerri's boyfriend wants her to type his term paper for him, so he asks her and she says "no". A little later, he asks her if she will type the references and she agrees. Gerri appears to be a potential victim of
A)self-monitoring
B)the low-ball technique
C)the over-justification effect
D)the foot-in-the-door technique
E)the door-in-the-face technique

Accepted Answer

The foot-in-the-door technique is a compliance technique in which a person is asked to do a small favor, which they are likely to agree to, and then asked to do a larger favor, which they are more likely to agree to because they have already agreed to the smaller favor. In this case, Gerri's boyfriend first asked her to type his term paper for him, which she refused. Then he asked her to type the references, which she agreed to. This is an example of the foot-in-the-door technique.

Question 17

A stranger has collapsed on a city sidewalk due to a heart attack. According to Darley and Latané, what is the first thing that must happen before a bystander helps in this emergency?
A)The bystander must be in a good mood.
B)The bystander must have pre-existing guilt.
C)The bystander must have seen a helpful role model.
D)The bystander experienced personal distress.
E)None of the these

Accepted Answer

The answer of A stranger has collapsed on a city...

Question 18

A psychologist who is discussing the causes of racism and prejudice argues that these negative beliefs are caused primarily by people's needs to enhance their self-esteem and to feel good about themselves. This psychologist's explanation is most consistent with
A)the fundamental attribution error
B)social identity theory
C)the self-serving bias
D)realistic conflict theory
E)self-fulfilling prophecy

Accepted Answer

Social identity theory suggests that people categorize themselves and others into various social groups, favoring their own group (in-group) while discriminating against others (out-groups). This process can enhance self-esteem by allowing individuals to see their own group as superior.

Question 19

The Asch conformity results involving the judgement of line lengths are all the more startling because the study did not employ any
A)judgments about ambiguous stimuli
B)groups larger than four persons
C)experimental realism
D)open, obvious pressure to conform
E)computers

Accepted Answer

The Asch conformity results involving the judgement of line lengths are all the more startling because the study did not employ any open, obvious pressure to conform.

Question 20

Let's say that you are very good at playing video games. So while playing in the mall one afternoon, you attract a large crowd to watch you. According to Zajonc's dominant response theory of social facilitation, you will
A)perform better
B)perform worse
C)perform at your usual level
D)find that you can change people's attitudes towards video games
E)alter your sequence of dominant responses to include an audience

Accepted Answer

Zajonc's dominant response theory of social facilitation suggests that the presence of others enhances the performance on well-learned or simple tasks. Since you are very good at playing video games, it's a well-learned task for you, and thus, according to the theory, you would perform better in front of an audience.

Quiz 13: Behaviour in a Social Context

You watch a commercial for running shoes in which a very famous athlete claims that they use the shoes and they are the best. You decide to buy the shoes. You have been influenced by

After conducting a series of interviews, the members of the hiring committee feel fairly positive about Ms. Rajwa. After discussing her performance during the interview, the committee members feel even more positive about this job candidate. This is best considered an example of

To use the door-in-the-face technique for persuasion you must first

You are trying to get a friend to lend you $20. You think that it might be a good idea to ask him for $10 first, then after he gives it to you, ask if he happens to have another $10. If you do this you would be using

You are trying to get a friend to lend you $20. You think that it might be a good idea to ask him for $50 first, then after he refuses, ask if he could give you $20. If you do this you would be using

Jon and Madison have been dating for several weeks and are both considering making their relationship exclusive and not seeing other people. According to the work on close relationships , their relationship will tend to grow closer and deeper if

Commercials often use famous people or attractive models to sell their product. They are trying to use

In a psychology experiment, the experimenter forces you to write a counterattitudinal essay in favour of raising tuition. After you do so, you asked what you really think about raising tuition. According to the theory of cognitive dissonance, you will

You watch a commercial for a new iPhone in which the narrator explains the benefits of the new camera system over any other phone on the market. You are convinced and go out and buy the phone. You have been influenced by

Gerri's boyfriend wants her to type his term paper for him, so he first asks her to type the cover page. After she does this, he then asks her to type the whole paper. Gerri appears to be a potential victim of

You see an individual on the bus punch someone else in the nose. You immediately conclude that the first person is very aggressive. You have just committed the

People are most likely to aggress against another person when they perceive that the other person's behaviour was

Gerri's boyfriend wants her to type his term paper for him, so he asks her and she says "no". A little later, he asks her if she will type the references and she agrees. Gerri appears to be a potential victim of

A stranger has collapsed on a city sidewalk due to a heart attack. According to Darley and Latané, what is the first thing that must happen before a bystander helps in this emergency?

A psychologist who is discussing the causes of racism and prejudice argues that these negative beliefs are caused primarily by people's needs to enhance their self-esteem and to feel good about themselves. This psychologist's explanation is most consistent with

The Asch conformity results involving the judgement of line lengths are all the more startling because the study did not employ any

Let's say that you are very good at playing video games. So while playing in the mall one afternoon, you attract a large crowd to watch you. According to Zajonc's dominant response theory of social facilitation, you will