Question 1

Which of the following statements regarding the set point concept is most accurate?

Accepted Answer

The set point concept, which suggests that each person's body weight is maintained around a physiologically predetermined level, is debated among researchers. Some support its validity, while others acknowledge the possibility of adjusting to a new weight through lifestyle changes, despite the challenges. This reflects the ongoing debate and research in the field, rather than a unanimous dismissal of the concept.

Question 2

When hungry animals are injected with this peptide, they will stop feeding or reduce the size of their meals. This peptide is called

Accepted Answer

Cholecystokinin (CCK) is a peptide hormone that is known to suppress appetite and reduce meal size when administered to hungry animals. It is released in the intestine in response to the ingestion of food and acts on the brain to signal satiety.

Question 3

If you enjoy an activity for its own sake then the activity is said to be high in

Accepted Answer

Activities enjoyed for their own sake are high in intrinsic motivation, as the motivation comes from within the individual and is driven by personal satisfaction or pleasure derived from the activity itself, rather than external rewards or pressures.

Question 4

An important role in the signalling and initiating of hunger is the temporary rise and fall of _________.

Accepted Answer

Glucose levels play a crucial role in signaling and initiating hunger. When glucose levels fall, it signals the body that it needs to replenish its energy source, thus initiating the feeling of hunger.

Question 5

Sara and Frank are competing for the same new job. They both very much want the job and believe that it would substantially help their careers. Frank isn't sure that he has the job or interview skills needed to get the job and as a result, he puts a little less effort into his resume and job interview. Sara, on the other hand, believes that she has good interview skills and thinks that she has the talent to get the job. As a result, she prepares at bit harder for this position. The expectancy x value theory of motivation, would most likely explain this difference in motivation as being due to

Accepted Answer

The expectancy x value theory of motivation suggests that individuals are motivated to engage in behaviors to the extent that they expect their efforts to lead to successful outcomes and value those outcomes. Sara's belief in her interview skills and talent, leading to more preparation, contrasts with Frank's doubts and lesser effort, illustrating different expectancies regarding their goal-related behaviors.

Question 6

Researchers have observed that both humans and animals experience a temporary rise and fall of the nutrient glucose

Accepted Answer

The temporary rise and fall of glucose levels is typically observed just prior to experiencing hunger, as the body signals the need for more energy intake.

Question 7

Tim is just learning to play the piano and, somewhat surprisingly, he already enjoys playing it even though he isn't very good. Tim's parents would like to see him develop his skills so they decide to pay Tim $10.00 at the end of each week if he has satisfactorily practiced all his lessons. Motivation theorists familiar with the overjustification hypothesis would argue that the rewards being offered by Tim's parents may decrease Tim's interest in piano by _______________ motivation.

Accepted Answer

The overjustification hypothesis suggests that external rewards can reduce intrinsic motivation by leading individuals to attribute their actions to the rewards rather than to their own interest or enjoyment.

Question 8

According to Maslow's need hierarchy, people must first satisfy their need for security and safety before they can turn their attention to their next deficiency need of __________.

Accepted Answer

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, after physiological needs (such as food and shelter) are met, individuals seek to satisfy their need for safety and security. Once these are met, the next level of need is social, which includes affiliation and love.

Question 9

Some researchers assume that there is a fixed internal physiological standard around which a person's body weight is regulated called a _________.

Accepted Answer

The term "set point" is used to describe the theory that each person's body has a genetically determined range of weight and temperature that their body will try to maintain to stay at optimal health.

Question 10

Your body's individual rate of energy or calorie consumption is referred to as its

Accepted Answer

Metabolism refers to the body's process of converting food and drink into energy, essentially the rate at which your body burns calories or consumes energy.

Question 11

Maslow proposed that if a lower-level need is no longer satisfied, we focus on meeting that need as we are experiencing ______________.

Accepted Answer

Maslow's theory suggests that when a lower-level need that was previously satisfied is no longer met, individuals experience what he termed "need regression," meaning they revert back to focusing on satisfying that lower-level need.

Question 12

Maslow held the assumption that people are motivated to achieve their potentials by a range of needs, from basic biological needs for safety and nutrition to spiritual growth needs. Maslow proposed the concept of

Accepted Answer

Maslow is famous for proposing the hierarchy of needs, which is a model that outlines a progression from basic physiological needs to higher-level psychological needs and ultimately to self-actualization.

Question 13

Your intestines respond to the ingestion of food by releasing this peptide, which travels to the brain and stimulates the receptors sites of brain regions that decrease eating. This peptide is called

Accepted Answer

Cholecystokinin (CCK) is released by the intestines in response to food ingestion. It travels to the brain, where it stimulates receptors in regions that help decrease eating, acting as a satiety signal to reduce food intake.

Question 14

Some motivational researchers make an important distinction between types of motivation, extrinsic motivation involves performing an activity to obtain an external reward or prize, as opposed to engaging in an activity for its own sake because it is enjoyable or engaging, which is ________________ motivation.

Accepted Answer

Intrinsic motivation refers to engaging in an activity for its own sake because it is enjoyable or engaging, contrasting with extrinsic motivation, which is driven by external rewards.

Question 15

Which of the following are assumed to serve as satiety signals, telling the brain that the stomach is full?

Accepted Answer

Stomach and intestinal distention are physical signals that indicate fullness to the brain, helping to regulate food intake.

Question 16

Energy expended in your body is used to maintain your basal metabolism which involves the continuous work of resting cells in your body. The amount of this energy is approximately ___________ percent.

Accepted Answer

The energy expended in your body to maintain your basal metabolism, which involves the continuous work of resting cells, is approximately 66 percent of the total energy expenditure. This high percentage reflects the energy required for vital functions such as breathing, circulating blood, and cellular maintenance.

Question 17

One of the criticisms of Abraham Maslow's need hierarchy is that people may still pursue their need for love and affiliation, even when presumably lower needs, such as the need for ____________, have not yet been satisfied or met.

Accepted Answer

Maslow's hierarchy of needs suggests that lower-level needs must be satisfied before individuals can address higher-level needs. However, the criticism is that people may still seek love and affiliation (higher-level needs) even if their need for security (a lower-level need) has not been met, challenging the strict hierarchy Maslow proposed.

Question 18

If the glucose levels of a person are experimentally manipulated such that they first rise and then drop, the person will most likely

Accepted Answer

When glucose levels drop, the body signals the brain that it needs more energy, typically resulting in the sensation of hunger. This encourages the intake of food to restore glucose levels.

Question 19

A motivation theorist who believes in the expectancy x value theory of motivation would most likely say that two people can respond differently to the same incentive because

Accepted Answer

The expectancy x value theory of motivation suggests that individuals' motivation is determined by their expectation of success and the value they place on the success. Therefore, two people can respond differently to the same incentive because they evaluate its worth differently, aligning with option D.

Question 20

If the nerves from the stomach to the brain are severed in animals, they

Accepted Answer

The answer of If the nerves from the stomach to...

Quiz 11: Motivation and Emotion