Question 1

Understanding what brain regions are involved in experiencing the emotions operates at the ____________ level of analysis.

Accepted Answer

Understanding the brain regions involved in experiencing emotions is at the biological level of analysis because it involves the study of physiological and genetic mechanisms within the body that underlie emotional experiences.

Question 2

Factors that influence behaviour are organized into three levels of analysis. The level that focuses on mental processes and psychological motives, and how they influence behaviour, is called the ___________ level.

Accepted Answer

The psychological level of analysis focuses on mental processes and psychological motives, exploring how these internal factors influence behavior.

Question 3

Which of the following statements regarding psychologists and psychiatrists is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Psychologists typically earn a doctoral degree in psychology (Ph.D. or Psy.D.) through graduate school, focusing on the study of the mind and behavior. Psychiatrists are medical doctors (MD or DO) who specialize in mental health, attending medical school and completing a residency in psychiatry.

Question 4

A researcher who focuses on the negative thinking that often accompanies depression would be interpreting depression from which level of analysis?

Accepted Answer

The psychological level of analysis focuses on mental processes, such as negative thinking patterns, which are often associated with depression. This perspective examines how thoughts, feelings, and behaviors contribute to various psychological conditions.

Question 5

Both the psychodynamic and cognitive psychological perspectives are typically thought of as operating at

Accepted Answer

The psychodynamic and cognitive psychological perspectives focus on mental processes, emotions, and behaviors from a psychological standpoint, rather than emphasizing biological or environmental factors directly.

Question 6

An industrial/organizational (I/O) psychologist would do which of the following?

Accepted Answer

I/O psychologists focus on workplace behavior, including productivity, employee behavior, and organizational structure.

Question 7

A social psychologist would do which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Social psychologists focus on understanding how individuals think, feel, and behave in social contexts, which involves studying all aspects of social behavior.

Question 8

A counselling psychologist would do which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Counselling psychologists primarily focus on helping clients with personal adjustment and life challenges, rather than diagnosing and treating severe emotional disorders.

Question 9

A developmental psychologist would do which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Developmental psychologists focus on studying how people grow and change throughout their lives, examining psychological phenomena across the life span.

Question 10

Of the perspectives listed below, which one assumes that people are the LEAST aware of the factors that actually influence their behaviours?

Accepted Answer

The psychodynamic perspective, originated by Sigmund Freud, posits that human behavior is primarily the result of unconscious drives and experiences. This perspective suggests that individuals are often unaware of the true factors that influence their behaviors, as these factors are deeply buried in the unconscious mind.

Question 11

Each of the following is an example of "test-wiseness," EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

Test-wiseness refers to strategies that help improve test performance. The advice not to change your first answer is a common misconception and not a strategy based on evidence, unlike the other options which are strategic approaches to taking tests.

Question 12

What three levels of analysis allow us to integrate causal factors suggested by each of the six psychological perspectives?

Accepted Answer

The three levels of analysis that integrate causal factors from the six psychological perspectives are biological, psychological, and environmental. These levels encompass the physiological, mental, and external influences on behavior and mental processes.

Question 13

A personality psychologist would do which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Personality psychologists focus on studying individual differences in psychological phenomena, including traits, behaviors, and patterns of thinking.

Question 14

With regard to human nature, which psychological perspective listed below takes the most deterministic view of human behaviour and assumes that our behaviours are mostly shaped by inner forces and conflicts?

Accepted Answer

The psychodynamic perspective, founded by Sigmund Freud, posits that human behavior is primarily determined by unconscious drives, desires, and conflicts. This perspective emphasizes the role of internal processes and past experiences in shaping behavior, suggesting a deterministic view where individuals have limited control over their actions.

Question 15

Which of the following factors associated with depression would NOT be classified at the biological level of analysis?

Accepted Answer

Factors at the biological level of analysis typically involve physiological or genetic aspects, such as neurotransmitter imbalances, genetic predispositions, or disruptions in biological rhythms. Negative views of oneself and the world are cognitive or psychological factors, not biological.

Question 16

In order to have a full and complete understanding of behaviour, we need to be able to

Accepted Answer

To fully understand behavior, it's essential to integrate insights from various levels of analysis (biological, psychological, and environmental) rather than focusing on just one. This approach allows for a more comprehensive understanding of complex behaviors.

Question 17

Two people experience a violent earthquake. One person is mildly fazed by this event and copes well with it. The other person, who has a biological predisposition to anxiety, becomes very stressed after the event, has difficulty coping with it, and eventually gets ill. Because the effect of the earthquake differed, depending on whether the person had the predisposition of anxiety or not, this would be an example of

Accepted Answer

This scenario exemplifies an interaction because it shows how the effect of the earthquake on individuals varies based on their biological predisposition to anxiety. The difference in their reactions is due to the interplay between the external event (the earthquake) and an internal characteristic (anxiety predisposition).

Question 18

A person associated with the behavioural perspective would be most likely to mention the role of which of the following when attempting to explain the causes of depression?

Accepted Answer

The behavioral perspective focuses on how external environmental factors and the consequences of behavior influence learning and behavior. A non-rewarding environment, which could lead to learned helplessness, is a concept closely associated with the behavioral perspective on depression. This perspective emphasizes the role of reinforcement and punishment in shaping behavior, including the development of depressive symptoms when positive reinforcements are lacking.

Question 19

A researcher who is concerned specifically with the management and analysis of data and the development of mathematical models of behaviour would most likely be in which specialty area of psychology?

Accepted Answer

Quantitative psychology focuses on the methods and techniques for designing experiments and analyzing psychological data. This includes the development of mathematical models to describe and predict behavior, making it the specialty area most aligned with the interests described.

Question 20

A clinical psychologist would do which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A clinical psychologist is a mental health professional who is trained to diagnose and treat psychological disorders.

Quiz 1: Psychology: the Science of Behaviour