Question 1

Alfredo is a talented artist. Even though Alfredo wants to start a new line of work, he feels obligated to continue what he is currently doing because there is a lot of demand for his work. Giovanni, on the other hand, is also a talented artist, but his work is not quite as popular. Nevertheless, Giovanni is passionate about his work and continues his line of work for the sheer enjoyment of it. Which statement would be MOST supported by research on self-determination theory?

Accepted Answer

Self-determination theory suggests that motivation that comes from within (autonomous motivation), like Giovanni's passion for his work, is associated with higher levels of psychological wellness compared to extrinsic motivation, which is driven by external factors such as demand for Alfredo's work.

Question 2

_____ motivation is about accomplishing, getting more, and advancing. _____ motivation, on the other hand, is about avoiding risk and holding on to what you have.

Accepted Answer

Promotion motivation is focused on achieving more and advancing, while prevention motivation is about avoiding risks and maintaining current possessions.

Question 3

According to Maslow's theory, safety needs include:

Accepted Answer

Maslow's hierarchy of needs places safety needs as the second tier, which includes personal security, employment, resources, health, and property. These needs are about feeling secure and stable in one's environment.

Question 4

An example of an incentive is:

Accepted Answer

Recognition from your boss is an example of an incentive because it is a reward or encouragement for achieving something, motivating the employee to perform well.

Question 5

Alejandro and Samuel both like to drink juice. At home, Alejandro uses short, wide glasses for drinking, whereas Samuel uses tall, narrow glasses. Based on research findings regarding portion size, we would expect:

Accepted Answer

Research on portion size and perception has shown that people tend to pour and consume more liquid from short, wide glasses compared to tall, narrow ones, due to a visual illusion that makes the amount of liquid appear smaller in short, wide glasses.

Question 6

According to Maslow's theory, belongingness and love needs include:

Accepted Answer

Belongingness and love needs in Maslow's hierarchy involve forming social bonds and connections with others, such as friendships, family, and intimate relationships.

Question 7

A person whose BMI is 15 would be considered:

Accepted Answer

A BMI of 15 is significantly below the normal range (18.5-24.9), indicating that the person is underweight.

Question 8

_____ refers to all aspects of feeling, including changes to the body, behavior, and consciousness.

Accepted Answer

Emotion encompasses all aspects of feeling, including physiological changes in the body, behavioral responses, and alterations in one's state of consciousness.

Question 9

Which statement about Maslow's hierarchy of needs is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Maslow's hierarchy of needs suggests that individuals are motivated to fulfill basic needs before moving on to other, more advanced needs, rather than requiring deliberate thought about the sequence of needs.

Question 10

Based on research, which statement about motivation and ethnicity is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that people from Western cultures (which tend to be more individualistic) are often more optimistic about their own futures compared to people from Eastern cultures (which tend to be more collectivist). This reflects broader cultural differences in self-perception and motivation.

Question 11

_____ is defined as a steadiness or balance in your bodily state.

Accepted Answer

Homeostasis refers to the process by which living organisms regulate their internal environment to maintain a stable, constant condition, such as temperature or pH balance.

Question 12

_____ is a desire that stimulates and steers behavior.

Accepted Answer

Motivation is the psychological feature that arouses an organism to action toward a desired goal and elicits, controls, and sustains certain goal-directed behaviors. It is the driving force behind human actions.

Question 13

According to research on self-determination theory, which scenario would MOST likely yield the healthiest motivations and best performance results?

Accepted Answer

Self-determination theory suggests that intrinsic motivations, where actions are driven by personal interest or enjoyment of the task itself, lead to healthier motivations and better performance. Alfio's choice to become a musician because he finds it naturally rewarding is an example of intrinsic motivation, which aligns with the principles of self-determination theory.

Question 14

Which is NOT a research-supported technique to increase positive emotions?

Accepted Answer

Focusing on what you don't have tends to increase feelings of dissatisfaction and envy, rather than positive emotions. Techniques like visualizing a bright future, writing letters of gratitude, and performing acts of kindness are supported by research as ways to increase positive emotions.

Question 15

Much research supporting Ekman's work has found that recognition of basic emotions:

Accepted Answer

Ekman's research on facial expressions and emotions suggests that the recognition of basic emotions is universal across different cultures around the world. This implies that people from diverse backgrounds can generally recognize emotions such as happiness, sadness, anger, fear, surprise, and disgust in similar ways, regardless of cultural differences.

Question 16

Compared to people of normal weight, people who are overweight or obese are at greater risk for all of these conditions EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Being overweight or obese is associated with a range of health problems, but it does not lead to an increased metabolic rate. In fact, obesity can slow down the metabolic rate as the body becomes less efficient at burning calories.

Question 17

Emotion regulation is BEST defined as:

Accepted Answer

Emotion regulation involves managing one's emotions in terms of their type, intensity, duration, and how they are expressed, which aligns with choice C. This includes strategies to amplify, maintain, or decrease both positive and negative emotions.

Question 18

Ivanna is driving to work when the car immediately in front of her comes to a sudden stop, causing Ivanna to slam on her brakes and swerve in order to avoid a major collision. According to the Cannon-Bard theory, Ivanna would:

Accepted Answer

The Cannon-Bard theory posits that emotional experiences occur simultaneously with physiological responses, rather than one causing the other.

Question 19

Around mealtime, ghrelin sends a message to the brain telling it to _____, and then leptin sends a message telling it to _____.

Accepted Answer

Ghrelin is known as the "hunger hormone" because it stimulates appetite, increases food intake, and promotes fat storage. Leptin, on the other hand, is often referred to as the "satiety hormone" because it helps to inhibit hunger and regulate energy balance, thus telling the brain when it's time to stop eating.

Question 20

In a podcast about dating patterns and relationships around the world, Dr. Rizzuto asserts her belief about the primary reason that humans engage in romantic relationships. She argues that humans are driven primarily by motivations that are biologically innate. Dr. Rizzuto's position is MOST aligned with the _____ theory.

Accepted Answer

Dr. Rizzuto's belief that humans engage in romantic relationships due to biologically innate motivations aligns with the instinct theory, which suggests that behaviors are driven by innate biological instincts.

Quiz 8: Motivation and Emotion

_ motivation is about accomplishing, getting more, and advancing. _ motivation, on the other hand, is about avoiding risk and holding on to what you have.