Question 1

Mary lives in a poor, inner-city neighborhood.She is more likely to value ______ than ______.

Accepted Answer

Individuals living in poor, inner-city neighborhoods often face environments where future opportunities are uncertain, leading to a higher valuation of immediate gratification over delayed gratification. This is because the immediate benefits are more certain and tangible in an environment where long-term rewards are perceived as less guaranteed or accessible.

Question 2

After mapping gangs and incidents of gang activity in Los Angeles, what was found to be the most dangerous place to be?

Accepted Answer

The most dangerous places were found to be the borders between two or more rival gangs, as these areas are often contested and can be sites of frequent and violent confrontations.

Question 3

According to Burgess, ______ is the suburban or commuter zone.

Accepted Answer

According to Burgess's concentric zone model, Zone V is the suburban or commuter zone, which is the outermost ring surrounding the city, where people live and often commute to the city for work.

Question 4

Miller focused his attention on the concentric zones that developed as a consequence of urbanization.

Accepted Answer

Ernest Burgess is the sociologist who focused on the concentric zones that developed as a consequence of urbanization, not Miller. This theory is known as the Concentric Zone Model.

Question 5

One of the most notable manifestations of an anomic state in Chicago was the development of adult street gangs.

Accepted Answer

The answer of One of the most notable manifestations of...

Question 6

New York City's Hell's Kitchen, Times Square, and Harlem are all examples of ______ areas.

Accepted Answer

The answer of New York City's Hell's Kitchen, Times Square,...

Question 7

______ claimed that cities represent a type of complex organism with a sense of unity composed of the interrelations among the citizens and groups in the city.

Accepted Answer

Robert Park, a key figure in the Chicago School of Sociology, conceptualized cities as social organisms, emphasizing the complex interplay and relationships among their inhabitants, which contribute to the city's unique character and sense of unity.

Question 8

Longitudinal data on social disorganization showed that no matter which ethnic group (with the exception of Asians) lived in Zone ll, the delinquency rates in that zone ______.

Accepted Answer

Longitudinal data on social disorganization suggests that delinquency rates in a given zone are more influenced by the characteristics of the zone itself (such as economic status, residential stability, and family structure) rather than the specific ethnic composition of the area. Therefore, the delinquency rates remained constant regardless of the changing ethnic groups, with the exception of Asians, indicating that factors inherent to the zone rather than the ethnicity of its inhabitants primarily drive delinquency rates.

Question 9

______ theoretical model proposed that the entire lower class had its own cultural value system.

Accepted Answer

Miller's theoretical model proposed that the entire lower class had its own cultural value system, distinct from mainstream society. This concept is often discussed in the context of criminology and sociology, where Miller suggested that the lower class culture includes focal concerns that guide behavior differently than the values of the middle and upper classes.

Question 10

In the early process of urbanization, police looked for lost children and collect garbage, leaving ______ to solve crime and delinquency in an area.

Accepted Answer

In the early stages of urbanization, communities were often responsible for addressing crime and delinquency, as police focused on other tasks like looking for lost children and collecting garbage.

Question 11

What was a large part of the Chicago perspective's focus?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What was a large part of the...

Question 12

______ developed the first relevant model pertaining to human behavior and city growth.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ______ developed the first relevant model pertaining...

Question 13

The Chicago School of criminology is also referred to as the Ecological School.

Accepted Answer

The Chicago School of criminology, known for its focus on the social structures and environmental factors that influence crime, is also referred to as the Ecological School because of its emphasis on the relationship between individuals and their environments.

Question 14

Shaw attempted to address the criticism of social disorganization being a macro-analysis in his book ______.

Accepted Answer

Shaw addressed the criticism of social disorganization theory being overly macro-analytical by focusing on individual life histories in his book "The Jackroller," which provided a more micro-level analysis through the detailed study of a single individual's life within a socially disorganized context.

Question 15

Neighborhoods that experience poverty, suffer from physical dilapidation, and are culturally diverse would have some of the highest crime rates.Which theory can explain this relationship?

Accepted Answer

The theory of social disorganization explains how a breakdown in social institutions, such as family, school, and community, in neighborhoods with poverty, physical dilapidation, and cultural diversity can lead to higher crime rates.

Question 16

Walter Miller's theoretical model proposed that the entire lower class has its own cultural value system.

Accepted Answer

Walter Miller's theoretical model, known as the "Lower-Class Focal Concerns," suggests that the lower class has its own distinct set of cultural values and norms that differ from mainstream society.

Question 17

Any city that has ______ visually supports Shaw and McKay's model of crime.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Any city that has ______ visually supports...

Question 18

According to Shaw and McKay, the neighborhoods that have the highest rates of crime typically have all of the following in common EXCEPT ______.

Accepted Answer

Shaw and McKay's social disorganization theory emphasizes poverty, heterogeneity, and physical dilapidation as factors contributing to high crime rates in neighborhoods, not anomie. Anomie is more closely associated with Durkheim's work on societal norms and values.

Question 19

A 2017 systemic review of of community crime prevention found that improving street lighting and ______ can lower crime rates.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A 2017 systemic review of of community...

Question 20

Ecology is the study of the dynamics and processes through which plants and animals interact with the environment.

Accepted Answer

Ecology is indeed the study of how living organisms interact with each other and their environment, encompassing both biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) components.

Quiz 7: The Chicago School and Cultural and Subcultural Theories of Crime

Mary lives in a poor, inner-city neighborhood.She is more likely to value than .