Question 1

Glucose is a polar molecule that requires a carrier protein in order to diffuse through the plasma membrane's nonpolar barrier. Diffusion of substances that require carrier proteins is known as ____________.
A) active transport
B) transcytosis
C) facilitated diffusion
D) reverse osmosis
E) endocytosis

Accepted Answer

Facilitated diffusion is the process by which polar molecules like glucose are transported across cell membranes with the help of carrier proteins, without the expenditure of energy.

Question 2

Which is an example of filtration?
A) Distilled water entering a cell
B) Cell removing cholesterol from its surrounding
C) Uptake of water and solutes by body cells
D) Glucose leaving blood capillaries

Accepted Answer

Filtration is the process where particles are removed from a fluid by passing through a filter or membrane. Glucose leaving blood capillaries involves filtration as it moves through the capillary walls.

Question 3

During what phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication and protein synthesis occur?
A) Prophase
B) Metaphase
C) Anaphase
D) Interphase
E) Telophase

Accepted Answer

DNA replication occurs during the S phase of interphase, while protein synthesis occurs throughout interphase, making D the correct answer. Interphase is the phase of the cell cycle where the cell prepares for division by replicating its DNA and synthesizing proteins necessary for cell division.

Question 4

Neurotransmitter release is an example of _________.
A) receptor-mediated transcytosis
B) pinocytosis
C) exocytosis
D) phagocytosis

Accepted Answer

Neurotransmitter release occurs through exocytosis, where vesicles containing neurotransmitters fuse with the presynaptic membrane and release their contents into the synaptic cleft.

Question 5

What is the function of the nucleus?
A) To direct the activities of the cell
B) To release energy from nutrient molecules
C) To digest wornout cellular parts
D) To provide shape and structure for the cell

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the function of the nucleus?
A)...

Question 6

What type of cell division results in the formation of a sperm cell?
A) Meiosis
B) Mitosis
C) Cytokinesis
D) Cleavage

Accepted Answer

Meiosis is the type of cell division that results in the formation of sperm cells, reducing the chromosome number by half and leading to the production of haploid gametes.

Question 7

The liquid in which a cell's contents are suspended is called ________.
A) cytoplasm
B) cytosol
C) plasma
D) interstitial fluid

Accepted Answer

Cytosol is the part of the cytoplasm that is not held by any of the organelles in the cell. It is the liquid matrix that surrounds the organelles within the cell.

Question 8

How many times do most types of human cells divide?
A) 5 - 10 times
B) 40 - 60 times
C) 80 - 100 times
D) More than 100 times

Accepted Answer

Most types of human cells divide about 50 times before they die.

Question 9

G ₁, S, and G ₂ are phases that occur during ____________. A) prophase B) metaphase C) anaphase D) telophase E) interphase

Accepted Answer

The answer of G ₁, S, and G ₂ are...

Question 10

What term describes the spread of cancer cells beyond the tissue where they originated?
A) Mitosis
B) Apoptosis
C) Metastasis
D) Angiogenesis
E) Cytokinesis

Accepted Answer

Metastasis is the process by which cancer cells spread from the place where they first formed to another part of the body.

Question 11

Solution A is a 50% glucose solution. Solution B is a 25% glucose solution. The two solutions are separated by a selectively permeable membrane. Based on this information, what substance, and in which direction, would move across the membrane?
A) There would be a net movement of water from solution A to solution B.
B) There would be a net movement of water from solution B to solution A.
C) There would be a net movement of glucose from solution A to solution B.
D) There would be a net movement of glucose from solution B to solution A.

Accepted Answer

Water moves from areas of lower solute concentration to areas of higher solute concentration across a selectively permeable membrane, so water would move from solution B (25% glucose) to solution A (50% glucose) to try to equalize the concentration on both sides of the membrane.

Question 12

What organelle is a membranous sac formed by budding off sections of the Golgi membrane?
A) Peroxisome
B) Mitochondrion
C) Lysosome
D) Centrosome

Accepted Answer

Lysosomes are formed by the process of budding off from the membrane of the Golgi apparatus. They contain digestive enzymes and are involved in breaking down various biomolecules.

Question 13

In Krabbe disease, an enzyme normally present in the __________ is abnormal or absent.
A) centrosomes
B) lysosomes
C) cilia
D) peroxisomes
E) nucleus

Accepted Answer

Krabbe disease is caused by a deficiency in the enzyme galactocerebrosidase, which is normally found in lysosomes. This enzyme's absence or malfunction leads to a buildup of certain lipids, affecting the nervous system.

Question 14

Tina has a sunburn. A week later, the skin on her burnt shoulder peels away. The cells are undergoing __________.
A) apoptosis
B) mitosis
C) metastasis
D) secretion
E) signal transduction

Accepted Answer

The peeling of skin after a sunburn is due to apoptosis, which is the process of programmed cell death. This is a natural mechanism the body uses to remove damaged or unnecessary cells.

Question 15

What occurs when telomeres shorten to a certain length?
A) The cell stops dividing.
B) Centrioles are duplicated.
C) Cytokinesisbegins.
D) Mitosis begins.

Accepted Answer

When telomeres shorten to a certain length, the cell recognizes it as a signal to stop dividing. This is a protective mechanism to prevent the loss of essential genetic information and is associated with aging and cellular senescence.

Question 16

Normally, what type of cells do not divide?
A) Nerve cells
B) Skin cells
C) Fat cells
D) Bone marrow cells
E) Small intestinal cells

Accepted Answer

Nerve cells, or neurons, generally do not divide after they have been fully formed and have reached their mature state. This is why damage to nerve cells can be particularly problematic, as they do not readily regenerate through cell division like some other cell types do.

Question 17

Which is not one of the three main parts of a cell?
A) Nucleus
B) Cytoplasm
C) Plasma membrane
D) Mitochondria

Accepted Answer

The three main parts of a cell are the nucleus, cytoplasm, and plasma membrane. The mitochondria, while important for energy production, is not considered one of the three main structural components of a cell.

Question 18

What are the phases of the cell cycle?
A) Interphase, mitosis, and cytokinesis
B) Interphase, mitosis, and meiosis
C) Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase
D) Interphase, meiosis, and telophase
E) Mitosis, meiosis, and cytokinesis

Accepted Answer

The cell cycle consists of two main phases: interphase, during which the cell grows and duplicates its DNA, and the mitotic phase, which includes mitosis (the division of the nucleus) and cytokinesis (the division of the cytoplasm). Choices B, C, D, and E include phases or processes that are not collectively considered the overarching phases of the cell cycle.

Question 19

If impermeant solutes are present in greater concentration in intracellular fluid, which statement is true?
A) Water will move into the cell.
B) Water will move out of the cell.
C) Impermeant solute will move into the cell.
D) Impermeant solute will move out of the cell.

Accepted Answer

Water moves from areas of lower solute concentration to areas of higher solute concentration to achieve equilibrium. If impermeant solutes are more concentrated inside the cell, water will move into the cell to balance the solute concentration.

Question 20

The level of carbon dioxide, a waste product of metabolism, is higher ________ the cell.
A) inside
B) outside

Accepted Answer

Carbon dioxide is a waste product of cellular metabolism and tends to accumulate inside cells before it is transported out, making its concentration higher inside the cell than outside.

Quiz 3: Cells

Glucose is a polar molecule that requires a carrier protein in order to diffuse through the plasma membrane's nonpolar barrier. Diffusion of substances that require carrier proteins is known as ____________.

Which is an example of filtration?

During what phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication and protein synthesis occur?

Neurotransmitter release is an example of _________.

What is the function of the nucleus?

What type of cell division results in the formation of a sperm cell?

The liquid in which a cell's contents are suspended is called ________.

How many times do most types of human cells divide?

G 1, S, and G 2 are phases that occur during ____________.

What term describes the spread of cancer cells beyond the tissue where they originated?

Solution A is a 50% glucose solution. Solution B is a 25% glucose solution. The two solutions are separated by a selectively permeable membrane. Based on this information, what substance, and in which direction, would move across the membrane?

What organelle is a membranous sac formed by budding off sections of the Golgi membrane?

In Krabbe disease, an enzyme normally present in the __________ is abnormal or absent.

Tina has a sunburn. A week later, the skin on her burnt shoulder peels away. The cells are undergoing __________.

What occurs when telomeres shorten to a certain length?

Normally, what type of cells do not divide?

Which is not one of the three main parts of a cell?

What are the phases of the cell cycle?

If impermeant solutes are present in greater concentration in intracellular fluid, which statement is true?

The level of carbon dioxide, a waste product of metabolism, is higher ________ the cell.

G ₁, S, and G ₂ are phases that occur during ____________.