Question 1

In a centrifuged blood sample, what forms the "buffy coat"?

Accepted Answer

The "buffy coat" in a centrifuged blood sample is formed by white blood cells and platelets, which are less dense than red blood cells but more dense than plasma, allowing them to collect in a thin layer between the plasma and red blood cells.

Question 2

Blood is a type of __________ tissue.

Accepted Answer

Blood is classified as a connective tissue because it originates from mesenchymal cells and its main function is to connect or support other tissues in the body by transporting nutrients, gases, and wastes.

Question 3

A patient who has a platelet count of 75,000 per microliter of blood will likely exhibit which of the following symptoms?

Accepted Answer

A low platelet count, such as 75,000 per microliter of blood, increases the risk of bleeding, including internal bleeding, because platelets are crucial for blood clotting.

Question 4

In determining Carolyn's blood type, a sample of her blood agglutinated when mixed with anti-B antiserum. It also agglutinated when mixed with anti-Rh antiserum. There was no reaction when mixed with anti-A antiserum. What is Carolyn's blood type?

Accepted Answer

Carolyn's blood agglutinated with anti-B antiserum, indicating the presence of B antigens, and with anti-Rh antiserum, indicating the presence of Rh factor, making her blood type B+.

Question 5

In an adult, red blood cells are primarily produced in the __________.

Accepted Answer

In adults, red blood cells are primarily produced in the red bone marrow, which is found in the interior of bones such as the vertebrae, ribs, and hips.

Question 6

During hematopoiesis, the __________ stem cells give rise to RBCs, platelets, and all but one type of WBC.

Accepted Answer

Myeloid stem cells are responsible for producing red blood cells (RBCs), platelets, and all white blood cells (WBCs) except for lymphocytes, which are produced by lymphoid stem cells.

Question 7

A patient who has a red blood cell count of 3,275,000 cells per microliter of blood will likely exhibit which of the following symptoms?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient who has a red blood...

Question 8

In what clinical situation would use of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) be appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is used to dissolve blood clots, making it appropriate for conditions like stroke or heart attack where blood flow needs to be restored.

Question 9

Which situation would lead to a transfusion reaction?

Accepted Answer

A transfusion reaction can occur if a patient receives blood of a different type than their own, except in cases where they receive type O blood, known as the universal donor type. In this scenario, a Type O patient receiving type A blood would cause a transfusion reaction because the patient's immune system would recognize the A antigens as foreign and attack them.

Question 10

When hemoglobin molecules are broken down, a greenish pigment called __________ is formed.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When hemoglobin molecules are broken down, a...

Question 11

Due to her Crohn's disease, Kristen has a fat malabsorption disorder with which she is less able to absorb dietary fats and the fat-soluble vitamins from her small intestine. Fat-soluble vitamins include vitamin K. What is a possible effect of this malabsorption disorder?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin K is essential for the synthesis of proteins required for blood clotting. A deficiency in vitamin K due to malabsorption can lead to an increased tendency for bleeding.

Question 12

Anthony just finished his 4-mile run on a damp morning in 30-degree weather. His wife noticed that there was a bluish tinge to his fingernail beds and around his lips. What is this condition called?

Accepted Answer

Cyanosis is a condition where there is a bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes due to poor circulation or inadequate oxygenation of the blood. The symptoms described are characteristic of cyanosis.

Question 13

What is the result of mixing anti-A antibodies with type A red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

Agglutination occurs because anti-A antibodies bind to the A antigens on the surface of type A red blood cells, causing them to clump together.

Question 14

A platelet count of __________ platelets per microliter of blood would indicate an increased risk of bleeding.

Accepted Answer

A platelet count below 150,000 platelets per microliter of blood is considered low (thrombocytopenia) and can indicate an increased risk of bleeding.

Question 15

What WBCC (white blood cell count) would be indicative of an acute infection such as appendicitis?

Accepted Answer

A white blood cell count of 16,500 white blood cells per microliter of blood is indicative of an acute infection, such as appendicitis, as it is significantly higher than the normal range (4,500 to 11,000 white blood cells per microliter of blood).

Question 16

What antigens are found on RBCs of type O- blood?

Accepted Answer

Type O- blood has no A, B, or Rh antigens on the surface of the red blood cells.

Question 17

The process of __________ requires the conversion of plasminogen to plasmin.

Accepted Answer

Fibrinolysis is the process that involves the breakdown of fibrin in blood clots, which is achieved through the conversion of plasminogen to plasmin.

Question 18

What blood group antibodies are present in type O blood?

Accepted Answer

Individuals with type O blood have both anti-A and anti-B antibodies in their plasma. This is because they lack both A and B antigens on their red blood cells, so their immune system produces antibodies against these antigens.

Question 19

What is the correct order of events that occur following an injury to a blood vessel?

Accepted Answer

The correct sequence after a blood vessel injury is: vascular spasm (to reduce blood flow), followed by platelet plug formation (to temporarily block the leak), and finally blood clot formation (to permanently seal the break).

Question 20

What two vitamins are essential for DNA synthesis and therefore significantly influence red blood cell production?

Accepted Answer

Folic acid and vitamin B12 are essential for DNA synthesis, playing a crucial role in the production of red blood cells. Folic acid is needed for the formation of nucleic acids, while vitamin B12 is necessary for the maintenance of healthy nerve cells and aids in the production of DNA and RNA.

Quiz 12: Blood