Question 1

Sulfur is in the same column of the periodic table as oxygen but it is less electronegative than oxygen. Compared to water molecules, how will the H₂S molecules behave?

Accepted Answer

Sulfur is less electronegative than oxygen, which means it has a weaker attraction for electrons. This weaker attraction makes it less capable of forming hydrogen bonds compared to oxygen. Therefore, molecules containing sulfur (like HS) will not be able to form hydrogen bonds with each other as effectively as water molecules do.

Question 2

Which of the following properties of water is responsible for the formation of raindrops?

Accepted Answer

The cohesion property of water, due to hydrogen bonding, causes water molecules to stick together, leading to the formation of raindrops.

Question 3

Which answer best describes why does ice float in liquid water?

Accepted Answer

Ice floats in liquid water because its solid form (ice) has a crystalline structure stabilized by hydrogen bonds that keep its molecules farther apart compared to the molecules in liquid water. This structure makes ice less dense than liquid water, allowing it to float.

Question 4

Which of the following statements is true for water in its liquid state?

Accepted Answer

Water in its liquid state has a high heat of vaporization compared to most other substances, meaning it requires a significant amount of energy to change from liquid to gas. This property is crucial for various biological and environmental processes, including temperature regulation in living organisms and the Earth's climate system.

Question 5

Which of the following statements is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

Water forms intermolecular hydrogen bonds, not intramolecular hydrogen bonds. Intramolecular hydrogen bonds occur within the same molecule, whereas water's hydrogen bonding happens between different water molecules or with other compounds.

Question 6

How are the hydrogen bonds formed between water molecules?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How are the hydrogen bonds formed between...

Question 7

Which of the following best defines 'one kilocalorie'?

Accepted Answer

One kilocalorie is defined as 1,000 calories, or the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of water by 1°C.

Question 8

The nutritional label on a box of cookies says "150 kilocalories/cookie." How many joules of energy each cookie contains when 1 cal = 4.16 J?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nutritional label on a box of...

Question 9

What kind of bond is formed between the two hydrogen atoms and the single oxygen atom?

Accepted Answer

The bond formed between the two hydrogen atoms and the single oxygen atom in a water molecule is a polar covalent bond. This is because the electrons are shared unequally, with the oxygen atom pulling the shared electrons closer to itself due to its higher electronegativity, creating a molecule with a partial positive charge on the hydrogen atoms and a partial negative charge on the oxygen atom.

Question 10

Which of the following effects can occur because of the high surface tension of water?

Accepted Answer

The high surface tension of water allows small insects like raft spiders to walk on water without sinking, as the surface tension creates a sort of 'skin' on the water's surface.

Question 11

Which of the following can be attributed to water's high specific heat?

Accepted Answer

Water's high specific heat means it can absorb a lot of heat before it gets hot, explaining why a lake heats up more slowly than the air around it.

Question 12

Which of the following statements correctly describes the property of hydrophobic substances such as vegetable oil?

Accepted Answer

Hydrophobic substances, like vegetable oil, are nonpolar and repel water molecules because they cannot form hydrogen bonds with water.

Question 13

When carbon dioxide in the atmosphere dissolves with the raindrops, what is the expected change in pH of the raindrops?

Accepted Answer

When carbon dioxide (CO2) dissolves in water (H2O), it forms carbonic acid (H2CO3), which slightly lowers the pH of the raindrops, making them slightly acidic.

Question 14

Rubbing alcohol swab on the skin feels cool because ________.

Accepted Answer

Rubbing alcohol feels cool on the skin primarily because it evaporates quickly. When alcohol is applied to the skin, it absorbs heat from the skin to change from liquid to gas during evaporation. This process of heat absorption cools the skin, creating a cooling sensation.

Question 15

To act as an effective coolant in a car's radiator, a substance has to have the capacity to absorb a great deal of heat. Which physical property is the best indicator for a good coolant?

Accepted Answer

Specific heat is the best indicator for a good coolant because it measures the amount of heat per unit mass required to raise the temperature by one degree Celsius. A substance with a high specific heat can absorb a lot of heat before its temperature rises significantly, making it an effective coolant.

Question 16

The partial negative charge in a molecule of water occurs because ________.

Accepted Answer

The electrons in a water molecule are more attracted to the oxygen atom due to its higher electronegativity compared to hydrogen. This causes the electrons to spend more time around the oxygen atom, giving it a partial negative charge, while the hydrogen atoms have a partial positive charge.

Question 17

What kind of bonds are responsible for the unique cohesion, surface tension, and adhesion properties of water molecules?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonding is responsible for the unique cohesion, surface tension, and adhesion properties of water molecules. This type of bond occurs between the slightly positive hydrogen atom of one water molecule and the slightly negative oxygen atom of another water molecule, leading to the mentioned properties.

Question 18

Which of the following reasons explains why a steam burn is more severe than a hot water burn?

Accepted Answer

Steam contains more energy than water at the same temperature because it also includes the latent heat of vaporization. This means when steam condenses on the skin, it releases more heat into the skin compared to water, leading to more severe burns.

Question 19

Why does a full bathtub have more thermal energy than a pot of freshly brewed coffee (even though the coffee has a higher temperature than the bathwater)?

Accepted Answer

The full bathtub has more thermal energy than a pot of freshly brewed coffee primarily because it has a greater volume of water. Even though the coffee is at a higher temperature, the sheer amount of water in the bathtub means it contains more overall energy due to its mass.

Question 20

On a hot day, temperature of land rises more quickly than that of sea. Which of the following statements best describe the process?

Accepted Answer

The specific heat capacity of soil is lower than that of water, meaning it requires less energy to increase the temperature of soil compared to water. This is why land heats up more quickly than the sea on a hot day.

Quiz 3: The Chemistry of Water

Sulfur is in the same column of the periodic table as oxygen but it is less electronegative than oxygen. Compared to water molecules, how will the H₂S molecules behave?

Which of the following properties of water is responsible for the formation of raindrops?

Which answer best describes why does ice float in liquid water?

Which of the following statements is true for water in its liquid state?

Which of the following statements is incorrect?

How are the hydrogen bonds formed between water molecules?

Which of the following best defines 'one kilocalorie'?

The nutritional label on a box of cookies says "150 kilocalories/cookie." How many joules of energy each cookie contains when 1 cal = 4.16 J?

What kind of bond is formed between the two hydrogen atoms and the single oxygen atom?

Which of the following effects can occur because of the high surface tension of water?

Which of the following can be attributed to water's high specific heat?

Which of the following statements correctly describes the property of hydrophobic substances such as vegetable oil?

When carbon dioxide in the atmosphere dissolves with the raindrops, what is the expected change in pH of the raindrops?

Rubbing alcohol swab on the skin feels cool because ________.

To act as an effective coolant in a car's radiator, a substance has to have the capacity to absorb a great deal of heat. Which physical property is the best indicator for a good coolant?

The partial negative charge in a molecule of water occurs because ________.

What kind of bonds are responsible for the unique cohesion, surface tension, and adhesion properties of water molecules?

Which of the following reasons explains why a steam burn is more severe than a hot water burn?

Why does a full bathtub have more thermal energy than a pot of freshly brewed coffee (even though the coffee has a higher temperature than the bathwater) ?

On a hot day, temperature of land rises more quickly than that of sea. Which of the following statements best describe the process?

Quiz 3: The Chemistry of Water

Sulfur is in the same column of the periodic table as oxygen but it is less electronegative than oxygen. Compared to water molecules, how will the H2S molecules behave?

Which of the following properties of water is responsible for the formation of raindrops?

Which answer best describes why does ice float in liquid water?

Which of the following statements is true for water in its liquid state?

Which of the following statements is incorrect?

How are the hydrogen bonds formed between water molecules?

Which of the following best defines 'one kilocalorie'?

The nutritional label on a box of cookies says "150 kilocalories/cookie." How many joules of energy each cookie contains when 1 cal = 4.16 J?

What kind of bond is formed between the two hydrogen atoms and the single oxygen atom?

Which of the following effects can occur because of the high surface tension of water?

Which of the following can be attributed to water's high specific heat?

Which of the following statements correctly describes the property of hydrophobic substances such as vegetable oil?

When carbon dioxide in the atmosphere dissolves with the raindrops, what is the expected change in pH of the raindrops?

Rubbing alcohol swab on the skin feels cool because ________.

To act as an effective coolant in a car's radiator, a substance has to have the capacity to absorb a great deal of heat. Which physical property is the best indicator for a good coolant?

The partial negative charge in a molecule of water occurs because ________.

What kind of bonds are responsible for the unique cohesion, surface tension, and adhesion properties of water molecules?

Which of the following reasons explains why a steam burn is more severe than a hot water burn?

Why does a full bathtub have more thermal energy than a pot of freshly brewed coffee (even though the coffee has a higher temperature than the bathwater) ?

On a hot day, temperature of land rises more quickly than that of sea. Which of the following statements best describe the process?

Sulfur is in the same column of the periodic table as oxygen but it is less electronegative than oxygen. Compared to water molecules, how will the H₂S molecules behave?