Question 1

What were the three most significant consequences of the industrialization of the American economy after the Civil War? Explain your choices.

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Question 2

Industrialization and the accompanying technological advances are usually seen as the central developments of American "progress." In what ways were they genuinely liberating developments for American society and for individual Americans, and in what ways did these developments come at a high cost for workers and for society?

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Question 3

Was the "gospel of wealth" a genuine faith of America's industrial capitalists, or largely a hypocritical justification for exploitation? Why did so many ordinary Americans share this view of wealth and poverty?

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Question 4

To what extent was the South such an exception to the general industrial development of the late nineteenth century?

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Question 5

Compare and contrast the National Labor Union, Knights of Labor, and American Federation of Labor in regard to their origins, goals, and leadership.Account for the failure of the first two and for the success of the AFL.

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Question 6

Compare and contrast the provisions of the Interstate Commerce Act and the Sherman Anti-Trust Act.Explain the motives behind their enactment and evaluate the success of each.

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Question 7

To what extent did the railroad have an impact on late-nineteenth-century American economic, social, and political life? Is it fair to say that industrialization was largely due to the railroads?

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Question 8

In what ways does the development of the railroad industry in the late nineteenth century illustrate the limitations of the myth of individual free enterprise in American history? What did government hope to attain by its subsidies of railroad construction? What, in fact, did it attain? Was the arrangement a good one for society as a whole?

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Question 9

Late-nineteenth-century America saw a growing class division in American society.Yet Americans were very reluctant to develop a true class consciousness as either upper-class capitalists or proletarian workers.Why? How did this relative absence of class consciousness affect the economic and social developments of the time (including women's roles and labor unions)?

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Question 10

Assess the validity of the following statement, "labor unions found it difficult to organize industrial workers in the late nineteenth century."

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Question 11

Business leaders of the late nineteenth century have been characterized both as greedy and unscrupulous "robber barons" and as great "captains of industry" whose entrepreneurial skill and tactics produced economic growth.Which view do you find more persuasive? Why?

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Question 12

Assess the validity of the following statement, "the Constitution and the courts were on the side of the corporations in the late nineteenth century." Cite passages from the Constitution and court decisions to illustrate your assessment.

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