Question 1

Which findings are AIDS-defining characteristics? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A diagnosis of AIDS requires that the person be HIV positive and have either a CD4+ T-cell count of less than 200 cells/mm³ or less than 14% (even if the total CD4+ count is above 200 cells/mm³)or an opportunistic infection such as Pneumocystis jiroveci and HIV wasting syndrome.Having a positive ELISA test and taking antiretroviral medications are not AIDS-defining characteristics.

Question 2

A client with acquired immune deficiency syndrome is in the hospital with severe diarrhea.What actions does the nurse delegate to the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP)? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

The UAP can assist the client with getting out of bed,obtain a bedside commode for the client's use,cleanse the client's perianal area after bowel movements,and report any abnormal observations such as redness or open areas.The nurse assesses fluid and electrolyte status.

Question 3

A client with acquired immune deficiency syndrome has oral thrush and difficulty eating.What actions does the nurse delegate to the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP)? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

The UAP can help the client with oral care,offer fluids,and remind the client of things the nurse (or other professional)has already taught.Applying medications is performed by the nurse.Alcohol-based mouthwashes are harsh and drying and should not be used.

Question 4

A client with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)is hospitalized with Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia and is started on the drug of choice for this infection.What laboratory values should the nurse report to the provider as a priority? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

The drug of choice to treat Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia is trimethoprim with sulfamethoxazole (Septra).Side effects of this drug include hepatitis,hyponatremia,and thrombocytopenia.The elevated liver enzymes,low platelet count,and low sodium should all be reported.The CD4+ cell count is within the expected range for a client with an AIDS-defining infection.The creatinine level is normal.

Question 5

A client with acquired immune deficiency syndrome and esophagitis due to Candida fungus is scheduled for an endoscopy.What actions by the nurse are most appropriate? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

Oral Candida fungal infections can lead to esophagitis.This is diagnosed with an endoscopy and biopsy.The nurse assesses the client's mouth and throat beforehand,ensures valid consent is on the chart,and maintains the client in NPO status as prescribed.A stiff neck and abdominal percussion are not related to this diagnostic procedure.

Question 6

A nurse is traveling to a third-world country with a medical volunteer group to work with people who are infected with human immune deficiency virus (HIV).The nurse should recognize that which of the following might be a barrier to the prevention of perinatal HIV transmission? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

Treatment and prevention of HIV is complex,and in third-world countries barriers exist that one might not otherwise think of.Mothers must have access to clean drinking water if they are to mix formula.Cultural beliefs about illness,lack of available medications,and social stigma are also possible barriers.Perinatal transmission is well known to occur across the placenta during birth,from exposure to blood and body fluids during birth,and through breast-feeding.

Quiz 19: Care of Patients with HIV Disease and Other Immune Deficiencies

Which findings are AIDS-defining characteristics? (Select all that apply.)

A client with acquired immune deficiency syndrome is in the hospital with severe diarrhea.What actions does the nurse delegate to the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) ? (Select all that apply.)

A client with acquired immune deficiency syndrome has oral thrush and difficulty eating.What actions does the nurse delegate to the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) ? (Select all that apply.)

A client with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is hospitalized with Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia and is started on the drug of choice for this infection.What laboratory values should the nurse report to the provider as a priority? (Select all that apply.)

A client with acquired immune deficiency syndrome and esophagitis due to Candida fungus is scheduled for an endoscopy.What actions by the nurse are most appropriate? (Select all that apply.)