Question 1

_____ is the "tendency to consider one's own group, usually national or ethnic, superior to other groups using one's own group or groups as the frame of reference against which other groups are judged" (Wolman, 1973, p.129).

Accepted Answer

The definition given in the statement matches with the concept of ethnocentrism, which refers to evaluating other cultures or groups from the perspective of one's own culture or group and considering it as superior. Therefore, option B is the correct answer. Option A refers to an error in reasoning, option C is a term used to describe the bias towards attributing behavior to internal factors rather than external factors, and option D refers to the process of self-validation or confirmation of one's beliefs.

Question 2

When one group of people is routinely exposed to toxins in the earth, water, or air whereas another group has ready and plentiful access to fresh water, clean air, and rich soil, questions can be raised about _____.

Accepted Answer

The situation described in the question involves unequal distribution of environmental hazards and resources. This is a core concept of environmental justice, which is the fair treatment and involvement of all people, regardless of race, ethnicity, income or educational level, in the development, implementation and enforcement of environmental laws, regulations and policies. Distributive justice pertains to the fair distribution of resources and benefits in society. Intergenerational justice concerns the fair treatment of future generations in terms of environmental stewardship and sustainability. Restorative justice focuses on repairing harm caused by criminal activity or social injustice.

Question 3

_____ involves the allocation of opportunities, costs, and benefits within social systems.

Accepted Answer

Distributive justice involves the fair distribution of resources, opportunities, and benefits within a society or institution. It aims to ensure that all individuals have equal access to these resources and that any disparities are justified by relevant factors such as merit or need. Retributive justice, on the other hand, focuses on punishment for wrongdoing, while restorative justice aims to heal relationships between offenders and victims. Punitive justice is similar to retributive justice in that it focuses on punishment as a deterrent to future wrongdoing.

Question 4

Which of the following types of justice refers to punishment, rehabilitation, compensation, or restitution for harm done by or to one or more members of a social group?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following types of justice...

Question 5

The Gender-related Development Index (GDI) reflects "disparity in human development achievements between _____ in three dimensions: health, education, and living standards."

Accepted Answer

The Gender-related Development Index (GDI) reflects the disparity in human development achievements between women and men in three dimensions: health, education, and living standards.

Question 6

Which of the following is a difference between retributive and restorative forms of justice?

Accepted Answer

Restorative justice focuses on repairing harm and restoring relationships between individuals or groups, while retributive justice focuses on punishing an offender for their wrongdoing. Retributive justice does not prioritize repairing harm, but rather emphasizes the need to hold the offender accountable for their actions through punishment. Therefore, unlike retributive justice, restorative justice focuses on damage control and repair.

Question 7

_____ is "an opinion about an individual, group, or phenomenon that is developed without proof or systematic evidence" (Barker, 2014, p.332).

Accepted Answer

Prejudice is an opinion formed without proof or systematic evidence. Malfeasance refers to wrongdoing or illegal activity, multiplicity refers to the state of being multiple or many, and misfeasance refers to the improper performance of a lawful act.

Question 8

Innateness, universality, inalienability, and indivisibility are the characteristics of _____.

Accepted Answer

Innateness means that human rights are inherent to all individuals just by being born. Universality means that these rights apply to all individuals regardless of their culture or nationality. Inalienability means that these rights cannot be taken away or given up. Indivisibility means that all human rights are interconnected and must be upheld together. These four characteristics are specifically related to human rights.

Question 9

Recognizing that greater diversity generally tends to benefit humankind, social workers tend to celebrate individual and cultural differences as valuable forms of _____.

Accepted Answer

Social capital refers to the value that individuals and groups derive from their social relationships, networks, and connections. Greater diversity can enhance social capital by increasing the range and depth of these relationships and networks. Therefore, social workers tend to view individual and cultural differences as valuable forms of social capital that can benefit individuals and communities.

Question 10

When societies capture, transport, and enslave millions of human beings, amass an enormous public debt, or create a toxic global ecology, questions of _____ arise.

Accepted Answer

Intergenerational justice pertains to the fair distribution of resources and opportunities between different generations. In the given scenario, the actions of the society have consequences that extend beyond the present generation, thereby raising questions of intergenerational justice.

Question 11

"_____ aims to reveal multiple identities, exposing the different types of discrimination and disadvantage that occur as a consequence of the combination of identities" (Association for Women's Rights in Development, 2004, Aug., p.2).

Accepted Answer

The quote is referring to the concept of intersectionality, which is the idea that a person's identity is made up of multiple intersecting factors such as race, gender, sexuality, ability, and socio-economic status, and that these factors cannot be examined separately when considering issues of discrimination and disadvantage.

Question 12

The concept of intersectionality is a multidimensional perspective of diversity.

Accepted Answer

Intersectionality recognizes that individuals have multiple intersecting identities (such as race, gender, sexuality, ability, socioeconomic status, etc.) and that discrimination and oppression cannot be understood or addressed in isolation from each other. Therefore, it is a multidimensional perspective of diversity.

Question 13

Procedural justice involves the _____ of processes involved in negotiations of agreements or contracts, selection of authorities, and the development and implementation of laws, policies, and programs.

Accepted Answer

Procedural justice refers to the fairness of processes and procedures involved in negotiations of agreements or contracts, selection of authorities, and the development and implementation of laws, policies, and programs. The other options (B, C, D) do not accurately describe elements of procedural justice.

Question 14

_____ is a special right, advantage, or immunity granted or available only to a particular person or group of people.

Accepted Answer

Privilege is a special right or advantage that is granted or available only to a particular person or group of people. This term is often used in discussions of social justice and inequality, particularly with regards to issues such as race, gender, sexuality, and socio-economic status.

Question 15

In the context of social work, acceptance of others involves processes of self-awareness, cultural understanding, and:

Accepted Answer

Acceptance of others in social work involves valuing and joining with people regardless of their degree of similarity or difference. This means recognizing and respecting cultural differences, embracing diversity, and working towards social justice and equity for all individuals and groups. Advocating for a homogenous social system or maintaining ethnocentric views goes against the core principles of social work, which is to promote social inclusion and empowerment of marginalized populations. Taking steps to reduce diversity also goes against the principles of social justice and equity.

Question 16

Acceptance of others involves processes of self-awareness.

Accepted Answer

Acceptance of others requires self-awareness because it involves recognizing one's own biases, prejudices, and limitations in understanding and connecting with people who are different from oneself. By being mindful of one's own thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, one can work towards developing a more open and inclusive mindset towards others.

Question 17

According to Amnesty International, which of the following is NOT a characteristic of human rights?

Accepted Answer

According to Amnesty International, human rights are not subject to the economic status or wealth of a country. Human rights are universal and apply to all individuals regardless of their economic status, and they cannot be bought or sold.

Question 18

The _____ is based on the assumption that an equal distribution of income or wealth is one in which each participant has an equal and proportionate share of the whole.

Accepted Answer

The Gini Index measures income inequality by calculating the difference between the actual income distribution and a hypothetical equal distribution where everyone has an equal share. The closer the Gini Index is to 0, the more equal the distribution of income or wealth. Therefore, the statement in the question about an equal distribution of income or wealth aligns with the concept behind the Gini Index.

Question 19

In the context of diversity and accepting others, social workers should manifest an attitude of _____, which refers to an attitude of deep respect or awe and humility in the presence of another.

Accepted Answer

Reverence refers to showing deep respect and humility towards another. This is important for social workers to exhibit when working with diverse populations and individuals, as it fosters a sense of acceptance and understanding. Flexibility, fairness, and tolerance are also important attitudes for social workers, but they do not specifically convey the sense of respect and humility that reverence does.

Question 20

_____ involves the "treatment of people based on identifiable characteristics such as race, gender, religion, or ethnicity" (Barker, 2014, p.121).

Accepted Answer

Discrimination involves treating individuals differently or unfairly based on their race, gender, religion, or ethnicity. This can occur in many contexts and can be either intentional or unintentional. Discrimination can have significant negative impacts on individuals and society as a whole, which is why efforts are made to combat it through various policies and initiatives.

Quiz 4: Diversity and Difference; Human Rights; Social, Economic, and Environmental Justice; and Polic

_____ is the "tendency to consider one's own group, usually national or ethnic, superior to other groups using one's own group or groups as the frame of reference against which other groups are judged" (Wolman, 1973, p.129) .