Question 1

An important concept from physics with which Köhler tried to integrate Gestalt psychology was

Accepted Answer

Köhler attempted to integrate the concept of force fields from physics into Gestalt psychology. He believed that perceptual organization occurred by the formation of a configuration that was based on the relationship among the elements of a field.

Question 2

Match the definition with the term.
-law of specific nerve energies

Accepted Answer

The law of specific nerve energies states that each sensory nerve in the body only carries one kind of sensation.

Answer: A 
 This sounds like the principle of conservation of energy, which states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another.

Answer: B 
 This sounds like the concept of vitalism, which is the notion that living things are fundamentally different from nonliving things, and that they possess a nonphysical or spiritual "life force" that cannot be explained by natural laws. This idea has been largely discredited by scientific research.

Answer: C 
 This sounds like the principle of materialism, which holds that all phenomena in the universe, including biological phenomena, can ultimately be explained by physical and chemical principles.

Question 3

All of the following are true of the phi phenomenon EXCEPT it

Accepted Answer

The phi phenomenon was actually discovered by Max Wertheimer, not Kant.

Question 4

Match the definition with the term.
-phenomenal world

Accepted Answer

The definition of phenomenal world is the subjective experience of external reality as it impacts the human mind.

Question 5

The three founders of Gestalt psychology moved to the United States in the 1920s and 1930s because they

Accepted Answer

The founders of Gestalt psychology moved to the United States primarily to escape the rise of Nazi Germany and its impending atrocities, which threatened their safety and academic freedom.

Question 6

Gestalt-trained psychologist __________ argued that every individual lives within a unique psychological field or __________,which is the totality of the individual's psychological situation at any given moment.

Accepted Answer

Kurt Lewin is the psychologist who introduced the concept of "life space," which represents the totality of the individual's psychological situation at any given moment.

Question 7

Gestalt psychology focuses on the

Accepted Answer

Gestalt psychology is based on the idea that the mind organizes experiences and perceptions into organized wholes that are more than the sum of their parts. For example, the human brain doesn't just see individual shapes and colors, but rather it sees a whole object such as a car, tree or person. This theory also emphasizes the importance of context in perception.

Question 8

Match the book with its author.
-Fechner

Accepted Answer

Gustav Fechner is the author of "Nanna, or on the Soul-life of Plants."

Question 9

Match the book with its author.
-Koffka

Accepted Answer

Principles of Gestalt Psychology was written by Koffka.

Answer: D
 The Theory of the Sensation of Tone as a Physiological Basis for the Theory of Music was written by Helmholtz, not Koffka.

Answer: A
 Nanna, or on the Soul-life of Plants was written by Goethe, not Koffka.

Answer: C
 Productive Thinking was written by Parnes, not Koffka.

Question 10

Match the definition with the term.
-intuitions

Accepted Answer

Intuitions, in the context of philosophy, particularly Kantian philosophy, refer to the dimensions of space and time according to which the mind automatically locates experience.

Question 11

Match the definition with the term.
-physiological mechanism

Accepted Answer

Physiological mechanism refers to how physical and chemical principles explain all physiological processes.

Answer: B
 The belief in a nonphysical "life force" is known as vitalism, which is contradicted by modern scientific understanding.

Answer: A
 The concept of energy conservation is a principle in physics that states energy is not created or destroyed, but rather transformed from one form to another.

Answer: D
 Each sensory nerve is capable of carrying multiple types of sensations, which are distinguished by the frequency of the nerve impulses.

Question 12

As you read this page,the words you are aware of constitute the__________,and the page on which they are printed is the__________.

Accepted Answer

According to the Gestalt principles of perception, the words we are aware of constitute the figure, while the page on which they are printed is the ground. Therefore, choice A (figure; ground) is the correct answer.

Question 13

Match the book with its author.
-Helmholtz

Accepted Answer

Hermann von Helmholtz is the author of "The Theory of the Sensation of Tone as a Physiological Basis for the Theory of Music." This work is a foundational text in the field of acoustics and the study of auditory perception, reflecting Helmholtz's contributions to understanding how we perceive sound and music.

Question 14

Match the definition with the term.
-vitalism

Accepted Answer

Vitalism is the belief that living organisms possess a nonphysical "life force" essential for life and not open to scientific analysis.

Answer: A 
 This definition describes the concept of the conservation of energy, which is not directly related to vitalism.

Answer: C 
 This definition refers to reductionism, which aims to explain complex phenomena in terms of simpler, more fundamental principles.

Answer: D 
 This definition refers to the doctrine of specific nerve energies, which proposes that the quality of a sensation is determined by which sensory pathway is stimulated, rather than the nature of the stimulus itself.

Question 15

Who of the following was NOT a founder of the movement known as Gestalt psychology?

Accepted Answer

Ernst Weber was not a founder of the movement known as Gestalt psychology. The other three—Max Wertheimer, Kurt Koffka, and Wolfgang Köhler—are considered the founders of the Gestalt school of psychology.

Question 16

According to the Gestalt psychologists,our perceptual processes tend to do all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

The Gestalt psychologists believed that our perceptual processes do not provide exact reproductions of objects in the external world. Instead, they organize and interpret sensory information in a way that prioritizes meaning and coherence, often resulting in subjective and incomplete representations of reality.

Question 17

Köhler's principle that "psychological facts and the underlying events in the brain resemble each other in all their structural characteristics" is known as the

Accepted Answer

Köhler's principle is known as the Hypothesis of Psychophysical Isomorphism, which states that there is a one-to-one correspondence between psychological experiences and the underlying neural events in the brain.

Question 18

Match the definition with the term.
-law of conservation of energy

Accepted Answer

The law of conservation of energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, but can only be transformed from one form to another. This is in line with option A which suggests that all forms of energy are interchangeable.

Answer: B
 The term "life force" is associated with the concept of vitalism, which suggests that living organisms possess a nonphysical force that gives them life. This goes against the principle of reductionism, which suggests that all physiological processes can be understood in terms of physical and chemical principles.

Answer: C
 The principle of reductionism suggests that all physiological processes can be understood in terms of physical and chemical principles, which is in line with option C.

Answer: D
 The principle of labeled lines states that each sensory nerve in the body only carries one kind of sensation, which is in line with option D.

Question 19

The "squareness" of a square and the basic tune of a melody are both examples of

Accepted Answer

Gestalt qualities refer to the overall structure, pattern, or configuration that a perceptual experience might have. The "squareness" of a square and the basic tune of a melody are examples of such qualities because they are perceived as whole, unified forms rather than mere collections of individual sensory inputs. Gestalt psychology emphasizes this holistic approach to understanding perception.

Question 20

Match the definition with the term.
-noumenal world

Accepted Answer

The noumenal world refers to objects in a "pure" state independent of human experience.

Answer: C
 The phenomenal world refers to the subjective experience of external reality as it impacts the human mind.

Answer: B
 The Kantian framework of subjective idealism posits that the dimensions of space and time according to which the mind automatically locates experience are part of the phenomenal world. Therefore, the term "noumenal" would not be an accurate fit for this definition.

Quiz 5: The Sensing and Perceiving Mind: From Kant through the Gestalt Psychologists

An important concept from physics with which Köhler tried to integrate Gestalt psychology was

Match the definition with the term. -law of specific nerve energies

All of the following are true of the phi phenomenon EXCEPT it

Match the definition with the term. -phenomenal world

The three founders of Gestalt psychology moved to the United States in the 1920s and 1930s because they

Gestalt-trained psychologist argued that every individual lives within a unique psychological field or ,which is the totality of the individual's psychological situation at any given moment.

Gestalt psychology focuses on the

Match the book with its author. -Fechner

Match the book with its author. -Koffka

Match the definition with the term. -intuitions

Match the definition with the term. -physiological mechanism

As you read this page,the words you are aware of constitute the,and the page on which they are printed is the.

Match the book with its author. -Helmholtz

Match the definition with the term. -vitalism

Who of the following was NOT a founder of the movement known as Gestalt psychology?

According to the Gestalt psychologists,our perceptual processes tend to do all of the following EXCEPT

Köhler's principle that "psychological facts and the underlying events in the brain resemble each other in all their structural characteristics" is known as the

Match the definition with the term. -law of conservation of energy

The "squareness" of a square and the basic tune of a melody are both examples of

Match the definition with the term. -noumenal world