Question 1

Each is true of fluoride,except one.Which is the exception?

Accepted Answer

In a strict nutritional sense,fluoride is not a nutrient essential for health.Although present in low concentrations,in soft tissues,fluoride does not have any known metabolic function.Saliva contains varying amounts of fluoride; the amount of fluoride ingested has little effect on salivary levels.

Question 2

Which is NOT characteristic of fluoride?

Accepted Answer

Fluoride improves both the density and strength of bone.By stimulating cells that form bone (osteoblasts),fluoride increases new mineral deposition in cancellous bone,improves the strength of bone,and decreases both bone resorption and bone solubility.

Question 3

Phytochemicals,which are natural components of foods,are thought to decrease bone mineral density (BMD)by inhibiting remodeling of bone.Caffeine has a negative effect on BMD because it increases calcium excretion.

Accepted Answer

Both statements are false.Phytochemicals,which are natural food components found in soy products and flaxseed,stimulate estrogen secretion,which can boost BMD.Bone remodeling,the increase in new bone by osteoblasts and breakdown of older bone by osteoclasts,is an ongoing dynamic process that maintains bone strength and density.

Question 4

Fluoride ions can replace hydroxyl ions in the hydroxyapatite crystal lattice of teeth.This fluoridated hydroxyapatite,or fluorapatite,is more soluble and makes the tooth less resistant to demineralization.

Accepted Answer

The first statement is true; the second is false.Fluorapatite,the fluoridated hydroxyapatite is a less soluble structure that makes teeth more resistant to demineralizing acids.Additionally,fluorapatite enhances remineralization when a tooth is subject to the caries process.When small pits develop in the enamel,fluoride is believed to promote deposition of calcium phosphate to remineralize the enamel surface.

Question 5

Fluoride is advantageous to dental health because of its systemic effects before tooth eruption and both systemic and topical effects after tooth eruption.

Accepted Answer

The statement is correct,but the reason is not correct.After eruption,fluoride provides only topical effects.Systemic effects occur only before tooth eruption.The caries-preventive properties of systemic and topical fluoride are cumulative.

Question 6

Each is true of requirements and recommendations for fluoride utilization,except one.Which is the exception?

Accepted Answer

The tolerable upper intake level for individuals over 9 years of age is 10 mg.Note that absorption of fluoride from sodium fluoride in water is estimated to be 80% to 90%.Children retain a larger percentage of fluoride in developing bones and teeth,whereas adults retain less in calcified structures.

Quiz 9: Minerals Essential for Calcified Structures

Each is true of fluoride,except one.Which is the exception?

Which is NOT characteristic of fluoride?

Phytochemicals,which are natural components of foods,are thought to decrease bone mineral density (BMD) by inhibiting remodeling of bone.Caffeine has a negative effect on BMD because it increases calcium excretion.

Fluoride ions can replace hydroxyl ions in the hydroxyapatite crystal lattice of teeth.This fluoridated hydroxyapatite,or fluorapatite,is more soluble and makes the tooth less resistant to demineralization.

Fluoride is advantageous to dental health because of its systemic effects before tooth eruption and both systemic and topical effects after tooth eruption.

Each is true of requirements and recommendations for fluoride utilization,except one.Which is the exception?