Question 1

The court case of Susie Phipps, who sued the Louisiana Bureau of Vital Records in 1982 to change her racial classification, illustrates that_____.
A) skin color determines race
B) race is a fixed reality that cannot be altered by legal designations
C) the social meanings of race are constantly being transformed by political struggle
D) race is less important now than it was in the past

Accepted Answer

The case of Susie Phipps highlights how race is a social construct that can be redefined and contested through legal and political means, showing that the social meanings of race are indeed subject to change and transformation through political struggle.

Question 2

McIntosh defines_____as an invisible package of unearned assets.
A) White privilege
B) Black privilege
C) class
D) being a woman

Accepted Answer

McIntosh defines "white privilege" as an invisible package of unearned assets, highlighting the systemic advantages that white people often unconsciously benefit from.

Question 3

McIntosh argues that for White people_____.
A) sexual identity is the only area where a system of advantage can be found
B) gender is the only area where a system of advantage can be found
C) race is the only area where a system of advantage can be found
D) systems of advantage can be found in several aspects of one's life

Accepted Answer

McIntosh argues that systems of advantage based on race, gender, and other aspects exist in society, and that White people, in particular, can experience unearned advantages in various areas of life, not just one.

Question 4

Omi and Winant define race as a concept that signifies and symbolizes_____by referring to_____.
A) social conflicts and interests; different types of human bodies
B) underlying genetic differences; skin colors
C) cultural identities; immutable physical traits
D) superiority and inferiority; geographic locations of origin

Accepted Answer

Omi and Winant's theory of racial formation suggests that race is a social construct that signifies and symbolizes social conflicts and interests by referring to different types of human bodies, rather than being based on genetic differences, immutable physical traits, or geographic origins.

Question 5

According to Omi and Winant, we should think of race as a(n)_____.
A) fixed and immutable element of human biology
B) illusion we need to overcome
C) element of social structure
D) misconception left over from the past

Accepted Answer

Omi and Winant argue that race should be understood as an element of social structure, emphasizing its social construction rather than a biological given or a mere illusion.

Question 6

Omi and Winant explain that racial projects can occur at various analytical dimensions. Which of the following is an example of a racial project that is a macro-level social process?
A) microaggressions in everyday interaction
B) discriminatory hiring practices by managers
C) identity formation processes for biracial children
D) policy debates about affirmative action

Accepted Answer

Policy debates about affirmative action are considered a macro-level social process because they involve large-scale societal discussions and legislative actions that impact the structure and distribution of resources and opportunities across different racial groups. This contrasts with micro-level processes, which involve individual or small group interactions.

Question 7

involves historically situated social projects in which groups are defined in racial terms and organized within structures of power.
A) Racist propaganda
B) Racial formation
C) Social Darwinism
D) Equal rights

Accepted Answer

Racial formation refers to the process by which social, economic, and political forces determine the content and importance of racial categories, and by which they are in turn shaped by racial meanings. This concept involves understanding how racial identities are constructed and how these constructions are linked to social structures and power dynamics.

Question 8

Omi and Winant explain that racial projects can occur at various analytical dimensions. Which of the following would be an example of a micro-level racial project?
A) microaggressions among students in classrooms
B) discriminatory hiring practices by managers
C) how parents talk to children about race
D) All of the above are micro-level racial projects

Accepted Answer

All the examples provided (microaggressions among students, discriminatory hiring practices by managers, and how parents talk to children about race) can be considered micro-level racial projects as they occur at the individual or small group level, affecting personal interactions and perceptions.

Question 9

Color-blind ideology ______.
A) ignores race
B) creates equality
C) encourages racial harmony
D) disregards racial hierarchy

Accepted Answer

The answer of Color-blind ideology ______.
A) ignores race
B) creates equality
C)...

Question 10

In color-blind thinking, race is reduced to_____.
A) cultural symbols
B) products for sale
C) differences in style
D) structural inequalities

Accepted Answer

The answer of In color-blind thinking, race is reduced to_____.
A)...

Question 11

McIntosh argues that men_____.
A) accept their privileged position in relation to women
B) accept their privileged position in relation to people of Color
C) deny their privileged position in relation to women
D) deny their privileged position in relation to people of Color

Accepted Answer

McIntosh argues that men often deny their privileged position in relation to women, as part of her broader discussion on unacknowledged privilege in her work on white and male privilege.

Question 12

Peggy McIntosh argues that recognizing White privilege challenges_____.
A) the notion that an individual's experience is based solely on his or her own merit
B) the notion that an individual's experience is based on unearned advantage
C) the notion that an individual's experience is based on entitlement
D) the idea that racism is still a problem in the United States

Accepted Answer

Peggy McIntosh argues that recognizing White privilege challenges the idea that individuals' successes and experiences are solely the result of their own efforts and merit, highlighting instead how unearned advantages play a significant role.

Question 13

Omi and Winant use the term_____to describe how cultural representations and racial meanings are connected to the racial organization of social structures and everyday experiences.
A) racial projects
B) populist diatribes
C) hate speech
D) policy proposals

Accepted Answer

Omi and Winant's concept of "racial projects" explains how cultural representations and racial meanings are intertwined with the racial organization of social structures and everyday experiences, highlighting the dynamic interplay between societal representation and racial categorization.

Question 14

National polls indicate that a majority of Whites now believe that racial discrimination_____.
A) explains the persistence of racial inequality
B) is systematic
C) has been eliminated
D) is still a problem, but only in the south

Accepted Answer

National polls have shown that a significant portion of Whites believe that racial discrimination has been eliminated, reflecting a perception that racial issues are no longer prevalent.

Question 15

Watching television is a form of_____between Whites and people of Color that encourages Whites to believe that little, if any, socio-economic difference exists now between races.
A) passive interaction
B) active exchange
C) education
D) illustration

Accepted Answer

Passive interaction through television allows Whites to perceive a minimized socio-economic gap between races without direct, active engagement or exchange of ideas.

Question 16

A social system that awards socio-economic success solely based on the effort of individuals is called a(n)_____.
A) class hierarchy
B) meritocracy
C) racial hierarchy
D) ideology

Accepted Answer

Meritocracy is a system where individuals are rewarded and advanced based on their abilities and efforts rather than on the basis of their social status, race, or other external factors.

Question 17

Gallagher believes that_____is responsible for racial inequality today.
A) cultural diversity
B) class consciousness
C) institutional racism
D) laziness on the part of individuals

Accepted Answer

Gallagher argues that institutional racism is responsible for racial inequality today, emphasizing systemic and structural factors over individual behaviors or cultural differences.

Question 18

A color-blind perspective insinuates that_____are responsible for racial inequality.
A) social institutions
B) individuals
C) laws and policies
D) women

Accepted Answer

A color-blind perspective suggests that individuals, rather than systemic factors, are responsible for racial inequality by ignoring the role of race and systemic discrimination.

Question 19

In "White Privilege and Male Privilege: A Personal Account of Coming to See Correspondences Through Work in Women's Studies (1988)," Peggy McIntosh_____________ .
A) is more interested in developing separate institutions for Blacks than raising the consciousness of Whites
B) points out that Whites tend to be unaware of the privileges they have as members of the dominant group
C) challenges the belief that minority group members are as prejudiced as members of the dominant group
D) points out that White privilege no longer exists

Accepted Answer

Peggy McIntosh in her work discusses how white individuals, often unconsciously, benefit from systemic privileges that are not extended to people of color. She emphasizes the lack of awareness among white people regarding these privileges, rather than focusing on creating separate institutions or denying the existence of white privilege.

Question 20

Omi and Winant describe "neoconservative" and "liberal" arguments about public policy to illustrate that_____.
A) racial projects are mere matters of rhetoric and have no bearing on people's lived experience
B) racial projects exist in a definite historical context and are descended from earlier conflicts about race
C) racial projects represent stable and unchanging partisan views that are disconnected from the evolving realities of race
D) mainstream political debate is the only place that racial projects take place

Accepted Answer

Omi and Winant argue that racial projects, including those discussed within neoconservative and liberal frameworks, are deeply rooted in historical contexts and are influenced by past racial conflicts. This perspective emphasizes that discussions and policies around race are not isolated or static but are part of a continuum influenced by historical developments and conflicts.

Quiz 2: Systems of Power and Inequality

The court case of Susie Phipps, who sued the Louisiana Bureau of Vital Records in 1982 to change her racial classification, illustrates that_____.

McIntosh defines_____as an invisible package of unearned assets.

McIntosh argues that for White people_____.

Omi and Winant define race as a concept that signifies and symbolizes_by referring to_.

According to Omi and Winant, we should think of race as a(n) _____.

Omi and Winant explain that racial projects can occur at various analytical dimensions. Which of the following is an example of a racial project that is a macro-level social process?

involves historically situated social projects in which groups are defined in racial terms and organized within structures of power.

Omi and Winant explain that racial projects can occur at various analytical dimensions. Which of the following would be an example of a micro-level racial project?

Color-blind ideology ______.

In color-blind thinking, race is reduced to_____.

McIntosh argues that men_____.

Peggy McIntosh argues that recognizing White privilege challenges_____.

Omi and Winant use the term_____to describe how cultural representations and racial meanings are connected to the racial organization of social structures and everyday experiences.

National polls indicate that a majority of Whites now believe that racial discrimination_____.

Watching television is a form of_____between Whites and people of Color that encourages Whites to believe that little, if any, socio-economic difference exists now between races.

A social system that awards socio-economic success solely based on the effort of individuals is called a(n) _____.

Gallagher believes that_____is responsible for racial inequality today.

A color-blind perspective insinuates that_____are responsible for racial inequality.

In "White Privilege and Male Privilege: A Personal Account of Coming to See Correspondences Through Work in Women's Studies (1988) ," Peggy McIntosh_____________ .

Omi and Winant describe "neoconservative" and "liberal" arguments about public policy to illustrate that_____.