Question 1

The hindbrain structure involved with sleep and arousal is the ​
A)hypothalamus.
B)cerebrum.
C)thalamus.
D)pons.

Accepted Answer

The pons, located in the hindbrain, plays a crucial role in regulating sleep and arousal, among other functions such as respiration and sensory analysis.

Question 2

In carrying out the fight-or-flight response, the role of supervisor is assigned to the
A)adrenal gland.
B)pituitary gland.
C)hypothalamus.
D)parasympathetic nervous system.

Accepted Answer

The hypothalamus plays a crucial role in initiating the fight-or-flight response by activating the sympathetic nervous system and the adrenal-cortical system, thus acting as the supervisor in this process.

Question 3

The brain structure responsible for the coordination of motor movements and sense of equilibrium is the ​
A)hypothalamus.
B)cerebrum.
C)pons.
D)cerebellum.

Accepted Answer

The cerebellum is the part of the brain that is primarily responsible for coordinating voluntary movements, including motor skills such as balance, coordination, and posture, making it crucial for the sense of equilibrium.

Question 4

Which of the following structures is NOT part of the hindbrain?
A)Cerebellum
B)T halamus
C)M edulla
D)P ons

Accepted Answer

The thalamus is part of the forebrain, not the hindbrain. The cerebellum, medulla, and pons are all components of the hindbrain.

Question 5

Which of the following two procedures allows researchers to visualize changes in brain activity over time?
A)PET scan and CT
B)PET scan and fMRI
C)MRI and fMRI
D)CT scan and MRI

Accepted Answer

PET scans and fMRIs both allow researchers to visualize changes in brain activity over time. PET scans do this by detecting radioactive tracers in the brain, while fMRIs measure changes in blood flow related to neural activity.

Question 6

Elizabeth just caught sight of a red hummingbird. The neural impulses from her eye will eventually travel to her occipital lobe, but first they must pass through the
A)hypothalamus.
B)thalamus.
C)reticular formation.
D)amygdale.

Accepted Answer

The thalamus acts as a relay station for sensory information, including visual signals, directing them to the appropriate areas of the brain, such as the occipital lobe for visual processing.

Question 7

The brain structure that controls unconscious but essential functions such as breathing and circulation is the
A)pons.
B)medulla.
C)cerebellum.
D)corpus callosum.

Accepted Answer

The medulla, part of the brainstem, controls vital autonomic functions like breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure, which are essential for life and operate unconsciously.

Question 8

The conversion of information into durable memory likely happens in the
A)hypothalamus.
B)hippocampus.
C)thalamus.
D)cerebrum.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The conversion of information into durable memory...

Question 9

Damage to the cerebellum is MOST likely to result in
A)problems with coordination of movement.
B)impairment of short-term memory.
C)difficulties in judging distance.
D)eating irregularities.

Accepted Answer

The cerebellum plays a crucial role in coordinating voluntary movements, including balance, coordination, and speech, resulting in smooth and balanced muscular activity. Damage to it often leads to problems with movement coordination.

Question 10

Ian remains in a coma after a serious diving accident. He is still on medical life support because he is unable to breathe and his heart will not beat without assistance. The accident likely caused damage to Ian's
A)medulla.
B)hypothalamus.
C)cerebellum.
D)midbrain.

Accepted Answer

The medulla controls vital life-sustaining functions such as breathing and heart rate, so damage to this area would result in the inability to breathe and maintain heart function without medical support.

Question 11

Recent research suggests that which of the following structures is involved in higher-order cognitive functions such as attention and planning?
A)P ons
B)Medulla
C)Cerebellum
D)Brainstem

Accepted Answer

The cerebellum, traditionally associated with motor control, has been implicated in higher-order cognitive functions such as attention and planning through recent research. This expands our understanding of its role beyond just coordination and balance.

Question 12

A drunken driving suspect was unable to hold his hand out to the side and bring his finger to a stop on his nose because one of the brain structures depressed first by alcohol is the
A)cerebellum.
B)corpus callosum.
C)hypothalamus.
D)medulla.

Accepted Answer

The cerebellum is responsible for coordinating voluntary movements, including balance, coordination, and speech. Alcohol depresses the functioning of the cerebellum, leading to difficulty in performing tasks that require fine motor skills, such as touching one's nose with a finger while extending the arm. This is why the suspect was unable to perform the task accurately.

Question 13

The dopamine system involved in Parkinson's disease is located in which of the following areas of the brain?
A)B rainstem
B)Hindbrain
C)M idbrain
D)Forebrain

Accepted Answer

The dopamine system involved in Parkinson's disease is primarily located in the midbrain, specifically in the substantia nigra, which plays a crucial role in movement and coordination.

Question 14

Wanda fell down some stairs and hit her head. Prior to her accident, she was an excellent flute player, but she now has difficulty coordinating the finger movements required in complex musical pieces. In the fall, Wanda likely damaged her
A)reticular formation.
B)amygdala.
C)cerebellum.
D)temporal lobe.

Accepted Answer

The cerebellum is responsible for coordinating voluntary movements, including the fine motor skills required to play musical instruments. Damage to the cerebellum can result in difficulties with coordination and precision in movements, which would affect Wanda's ability to play complex musical pieces on the flute.

Question 15

Van has had difficulty sleeping since he took a hard hit to his head in a football game this fall. Van has MOST likely sustained damage to his ​
A)medulla.
B)hypothalamus.
C)cerebellum.
D)reticular formation.

Accepted Answer

The reticular formation is involved in regulating sleep-wake cycles and consciousness, so damage to this area could lead to difficulties with sleep.

Question 16

Which of the following brain structures appears to play an active role in integrating sensory information?
A)Hypothalamus
B)L imbic system
C)Thalamus
D)C erebrum

Accepted Answer

The thalamus acts as a relay station for sensory information, integrating and directing sensory signals to appropriate areas of the cerebral cortex for processing.

Question 17

Bonnie has a disease that disrupts the functioning of her hypothalamus. With which of the following areas of functioning is she likely to have serious difficulty?
A)Reading, writing, and tasting
B)Thinking, problem solving, and hearing
C)Eating, drinking, and body temperature control
D)Tasting and controlling fine motor movements

Accepted Answer

The hypothalamus is a crucial part of the brain involved in maintaining the body's internal balance (homeostasis). It regulates functions such as eating, drinking, and body temperature control.

Question 18

A(n) _____ scan uses magnetic fields, radio waves, and computerized enhancement to map brain structure.
A)MRI
B)ESB
C)PET
D)TMS

Accepted Answer

MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) uses magnetic fields and radio waves to create detailed images of the brain and other parts of the body, making it the correct choice for mapping brain structure.

Question 19

Milo's doctors believe he might have schizophrenia. Before they make their final diagnosis, they want to study detailed, three-dimensional images of Milo's brain structures. The technique the doctors are MOST likely to use in this case would be
A)electrical stimulation of the brain (ESB).
B)a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)scan.
C)a positron emission tomography (PET)scan.
D)an electroencephalograph (EEG)recording.

Accepted Answer

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scans are used to produce detailed three-dimensional images of the brain's structures, making it the most suitable technique for studying the brain's anatomy in detail, which is relevant for diagnosing conditions like schizophrenia.

Question 20

Which of the following techniques is likely to be MOST useful for mapping chemical activity in the brain over time?
A)Computerized tomography
B)P ositron emission tomography
C)Magnetic resonance imaging
D)E lectrographic tomography

Accepted Answer

Positron emission tomography (PET) is specifically designed to map chemical activity and metabolic processes in the brain over time, making it highly useful for this purpose.

Quiz 3: The Biological Bases of Behavior

The hindbrain structure involved with sleep and arousal is the ​

In carrying out the fight-or-flight response, the role of supervisor is assigned to the

The brain structure responsible for the coordination of motor movements and sense of equilibrium is the ​

Which of the following structures is NOT part of the hindbrain?

Which of the following two procedures allows researchers to visualize changes in brain activity over time?

Elizabeth just caught sight of a red hummingbird. The neural impulses from her eye will eventually travel to her occipital lobe, but first they must pass through the

The brain structure that controls unconscious but essential functions such as breathing and circulation is the

The conversion of information into durable memory likely happens in the

Damage to the cerebellum is MOST likely to result in

Ian remains in a coma after a serious diving accident. He is still on medical life support because he is unable to breathe and his heart will not beat without assistance. The accident likely caused damage to Ian's

Recent research suggests that which of the following structures is involved in higher-order cognitive functions such as attention and planning?

A drunken driving suspect was unable to hold his hand out to the side and bring his finger to a stop on his nose because one of the brain structures depressed first by alcohol is the

The dopamine system involved in Parkinson's disease is located in which of the following areas of the brain?

Wanda fell down some stairs and hit her head. Prior to her accident, she was an excellent flute player, but she now has difficulty coordinating the finger movements required in complex musical pieces. In the fall, Wanda likely damaged her

Van has had difficulty sleeping since he took a hard hit to his head in a football game this fall. Van has MOST likely sustained damage to his ​

Which of the following brain structures appears to play an active role in integrating sensory information?

Bonnie has a disease that disrupts the functioning of her hypothalamus. With which of the following areas of functioning is she likely to have serious difficulty?

A(n) _____ scan uses magnetic fields, radio waves, and computerized enhancement to map brain structure.

Milo's doctors believe he might have schizophrenia. Before they make their final diagnosis, they want to study detailed, three-dimensional images of Milo's brain structures. The technique the doctors are MOST likely to use in this case would be

Which of the following techniques is likely to be MOST useful for mapping chemical activity in the brain over time?

The hindbrain structure involved with sleep and arousal is the

The brain structure responsible for the coordination of motor movements and sense of equilibrium is the

Van has had difficulty sleeping since he took a hard hit to his head in a football game this fall. Van has MOST likely sustained damage to his