Question 1

Reversible figures illustrate the observation that ​
A)individuals may fail to see fully visible objects.
B)expectations do not influence perceptions.
C)the same visual input can result in different perceptions.
D)there is a one-to-one correspondence between sensory input and perception.

Accepted Answer

Reversible figures demonstrate that a single visual stimulus can lead to multiple perceptual interpretations, highlighting the flexibility and subjectivity of human perception.

Question 2

Blake was at a football game and even though people wearing green jackets were spread fairly evenly throughout the stands, he still perceived all the people in green jackets as a single group of visiting fans. Blake's perception is MOST consistent with the Gestalt principle of
A)proximity.
B)similarity.
C)closure.
D)simplicity.

Accepted Answer

Blake's perception aligns with the Gestalt principle of similarity, which suggests that objects sharing visual characteristics (such as color, in this case) will be seen as more related or grouped together, despite their spatial distribution.

Question 3

The perceptual tendency to group together objects that are near each other is called ​
A)proximity.
B)similarity.
C)continuity.
D)common fate.

Accepted Answer

Proximity is the perceptual organization principle where elements that are close to each other tend to be perceived as a group. This principle is part of Gestalt psychology, which emphasizes how people naturally organize visual elements into groups or unified wholes when certain principles are applied.

Question 4

Natalie sat on her porch looking out at the field of soybeans. The fact that Natalie perceived the soybean plants as being grouped into a series of separate rows is consistent with the Gestalt principle of
A)closure.
B)simplicity.
C)proximity.
D)similarity.

Accepted Answer

The Gestalt principle of proximity explains how we perceive elements that are close to each other as part of a group. In this case, Natalie perceives the soybean plants, which are closer together in rows, as grouped, illustrating this principle.

Question 5

Glasses used to watch 3D movies are based on the principle of ​
A)binocular cues.
B)monocular cues.
C)opponent process.
D)agnosia.

Accepted Answer

3D glasses work by providing each eye with a slightly different image, creating a depth perception effect. This relies on binocular cues, which are depth cues that require the use of both eyes.

Question 6

The Gestalt principle of _____ implies that people organize visual perception in the _____.
A)continuity; most complex manner possible
B)proximity; top-down processing manner
C)closure; bottom-up processing manner
D)Pragnanz ; simplest manner possible

Accepted Answer

The Gestalt principle of Pragnanz, also known as the law of simplicity, suggests that people perceive visual elements in the simplest form possible.

Question 7

The binocular depth cue that relies on the fact that objects within 25 feet project images to slightly different locations on the right and left retinas, so that the right and left eyes see slightly different views of the object, is known as ​
A)convergence.
B)retinal disparity.
C)accommodation.
D)relative size.

Accepted Answer

Retinal disparity is the binocular depth cue that relies on the slight difference in the images projected on the left and right retinas. This difference helps in perceiving depth, especially for objects that are within 25 feet of the viewer.

Question 8

The perceptual tendency to perceive a pile of change as being composed of pennies, nickels, and dimes is the result of ​
A)closure.
B)similarity.
C)proximity. ​
D)continuity.

Accepted Answer

The perceptual tendency to perceive a pile of change as being composed of pennies, nickels, and dimes, despite potentially not being able to see each coin clearly, is due to the principle of similarity. This principle suggests that objects which are similar (in shape, size, color, etc.) tend to be grouped together in our perceptions.

Question 9

If an announcer describing each pitch during a baseball game fails to notice a naked fan running across the infield, the announcer would be demonstrating ​
A)inattentional blindness.
B)attentional blindness.
C)perceptual set.
D)feature analysis.

Accepted Answer

Inattentional blindness occurs when an individual fails to perceive an unexpected stimulus that is in plain sight because their attention is focused on another task, event, or aspect of their environment. In this scenario, the announcer is so focused on describing each pitch that they fail to notice the naked fan, exemplifying inattentional blindness.

Question 10

Rather than provide details about the party she just attended, Patty tried to give her overall impression.  Patty was operating on the assumption of _____, that the whole may be greater than the mere sum of its parts. ​
A)psychophysics
B)holistic psychology
C)Gestalt psychology
D)psychodynamics

Accepted Answer

Gestalt psychology is the psychological approach that emphasizes that the whole of anything is greater than its parts. Patty's focus on the overall impression rather than the specific details aligns with this principle.

Question 11

You infer that the trapezoid shape projected on your retina is a rectangular book, in which case you are formulating a
A)Gestalt principle.
B)perceptual hypothesis.
C)psychophysical law.
D)phenomenological principle.

Accepted Answer

Formulating a perceptual hypothesis involves making an educated guess or inference about the nature of an object or scene based on the sensory information available. In this case, inferring that a trapezoid shape is actually a rectangular book despite the perspective distortion is an example of creating a perceptual hypothesis.

Question 12

It is difficult to see a chameleon that has blended in with its background because ​
A)of the principle of common fate.
B)we cannot easily distinguish between figure and ground.
C)of the perceptual principle of shape constancy.
D)of the illusion of relative size.

Accepted Answer

Chameleons blend into their background by changing color to match their surroundings, making it hard to distinguish them (figure) from the background (ground). This is a fundamental concept in Gestalt psychology, emphasizing how our perception tends to simplify and organize elements, often making it challenging to differentiate objects that closely resemble their background.

Question 13

The phi phenomenon is BEST illustrated by
A)a television show.
B)the perception of two dark images on a white background.
C)the brain "finishing" a drawing with gaps in it.
D)our perception of connected lines as the letter T.

Accepted Answer

The phi phenomenon is an optical illusion that creates the perception of motion when stationary objects—like images on a television screen—are shown in succession at a certain speed. This is exactly how a television show creates the illusion of moving images.

Question 14

When Justin looked up at the night sky, he perceived the three stars that make up the belt in the constellation Orion as a single complete figure, rather than as individual stars. Justin's perception of the night sky illustrates the Gestalt principle of ​
A)proximity.
B)closure.
C)similarity.
D)figure-ground.

Accepted Answer

The Gestalt principle of closure explains how we perceive incomplete figures as complete by filling in the gaps, which is what Justin is doing by perceiving the three stars as a single complete figure.

Question 15

The Gestalt principle of proximity refers to the idea that ​
A)people tend to gravitate toward a common interaction distance. ​
B)center-surround cells that are closer fire more often.
C)perception occurs in discrete time frames.
D)objects nearer to each other belong together.

Accepted Answer

The Gestalt principle of proximity states that objects or shapes that are close to one another appear to form groups. Even if the shapes, sizes, and objects are radically different, they will appear as a group if they are close. This principle helps us understand how we perceive groups of objects and patterns in our visual world.

Question 16

Which of the following is the MOST general of the Gestalt principles describing how individual elements are grouped into good figures?
A)Continuity
B)P roximity
C)Similarity
D)S implicity

Accepted Answer

The principle of simplicity, also known as the law of Prägnanz, is the most general of the Gestalt principles. It states that people will perceive and interpret ambiguous or complex images as the simplest form(s) possible, which underlies the other principles like continuity, proximity, and similarity.

Question 17

Christina was skiing down a hill when the track divided into two separate trails. One trail turned off at a 90-degree angle; the second trail appeared to continue in the same general direction she had been headed. If Christina takes the second trail, her actions would be consistent with the Gestalt principle of ​
A)continuity.
B)closure.
C)proximity.
D)common region.

Accepted Answer

The Gestalt principle of continuity suggests that elements arranged in a line or curve are perceived to be more related than elements not on the line or curve. By choosing the trail that continues in the same general direction, Christina's actions align with this principle, as she perceives the path as being continuous with her previous direction.

Question 18

We often perceive a series of dots on a printed form as a "solid" line because of the Gestalt principle of ​
A)constancy. ​
B)similarity.
C)closure.
D)symmetry.

Accepted Answer

The Gestalt principle of closure explains why we perceive a series of dots on a printed form as a "solid" line. Our minds tend to fill in missing information to see a complete, unified whole, even when parts of the visual are missing.

Question 19

The successive blinking on and off of the lights on the neon sign gave the impression of beer filling a glass. This illusion of motion is the ​
A)phi phenomenon.
B)constancy principle.
C)common-fate principle.
D)motion parallax effect.

Accepted Answer

The phi phenomenon is the optical illusion of perceiving continuous motion between separate objects viewed rapidly in succession, such as the blinking lights on a neon sign creating the impression of motion or action, like beer filling a glass.

Question 20

Our ability to tell how far away objects are is known as ​
A)depth perception.
B)sensory accommodation.
C)visual acuity.
D)rod-cone refractance.

Accepted Answer

Depth perception is the visual ability to perceive the world in three dimensions (3D) and the distance of an object. It allows us to judge how far away objects are.

Quiz 4: Sensation and Perception

Reversible figures illustrate the observation that

Blake was at a football game and even though people wearing green jackets were spread fairly evenly throughout the stands, he still perceived all the people in green jackets as a single group of visiting fans. Blake's perception is MOST consistent with the Gestalt principle of

The perceptual tendency to group together objects that are near each other is called

Natalie sat on her porch looking out at the field of soybeans. The fact that Natalie perceived the soybean plants as being grouped into a series of separate rows is consistent with the Gestalt principle of

Glasses used to watch 3D movies are based on the principle of

The Gestalt principle of _ implies that people organize visual perception in the _.

The binocular depth cue that relies on the fact that objects within 25 feet project images to slightly different locations on the right and left retinas, so that the right and left eyes see slightly different views of the object, is known as

The perceptual tendency to perceive a pile of change as being composed of pennies, nickels, and dimes is the result of

If an announcer describing each pitch during a baseball game fails to notice a naked fan running across the infield, the announcer would be demonstrating

Rather than provide details about the party she just attended, Patty tried to give her overall impression. Patty was operating on the assumption of _____, that the whole may be greater than the mere sum of its parts.

You infer that the trapezoid shape projected on your retina is a rectangular book, in which case you are formulating a

It is difficult to see a chameleon that has blended in with its background because

The phi phenomenon is BEST illustrated by

When Justin looked up at the night sky, he perceived the three stars that make up the belt in the constellation Orion as a single complete figure, rather than as individual stars. Justin's perception of the night sky illustrates the Gestalt principle of

The Gestalt principle of proximity refers to the idea that

Which of the following is the MOST general of the Gestalt principles describing how individual elements are grouped into good figures?

We often perceive a series of dots on a printed form as a "solid" line because of the Gestalt principle of

The successive blinking on and off of the lights on the neon sign gave the impression of beer filling a glass. This illusion of motion is the

Our ability to tell how far away objects are is known as

Quiz 4: Sensation and Perception

Reversible figures illustrate the observation that ​

Blake was at a football game and even though people wearing green jackets were spread fairly evenly throughout the stands, he still perceived all the people in green jackets as a single group of visiting fans. Blake's perception is MOST consistent with the Gestalt principle of

The perceptual tendency to group together objects that are near each other is called ​

Natalie sat on her porch looking out at the field of soybeans. The fact that Natalie perceived the soybean plants as being grouped into a series of separate rows is consistent with the Gestalt principle of

Glasses used to watch 3D movies are based on the principle of ​

The Gestalt principle of _____ implies that people organize visual perception in the _____.

The binocular depth cue that relies on the fact that objects within 25 feet project images to slightly different locations on the right and left retinas, so that the right and left eyes see slightly different views of the object, is known as ​

The perceptual tendency to perceive a pile of change as being composed of pennies, nickels, and dimes is the result of ​

If an announcer describing each pitch during a baseball game fails to notice a naked fan running across the infield, the announcer would be demonstrating ​

Rather than provide details about the party she just attended, Patty tried to give her overall impression. Patty was operating on the assumption of _____, that the whole may be greater than the mere sum of its parts. ​