Question 1

The brain-wave pattern of a person in _____ sleep resembles the brain-wave pattern observed when the individual is awake and alert.

Accepted Answer

REM (Rapid Eye Movement) sleep is characterized by brain-wave patterns similar to those observed when a person is awake and alert. This stage of sleep is associated with vivid dreams.

Question 2

In general, as the cycle of sleep recurs through the night, it tends to contain

Accepted Answer

As the cycle of sleep recurs through the night, it tends to contain less stage 4 (deep sleep) and more REM (Rapid Eye Movement) sleep. This means that as the night progresses, individuals spend less time in the deepest phase of sleep and more time in REM sleep, which is associated with dreaming.

Question 3

"Manny got out of bed and began doing calisthenics during REM sleep, probably because he was dreaming about boot camp."  Which of the following indicates what is WRONG with this statement?

Accepted Answer

During REM (Rapid Eye Movement) sleep, the body experiences a form of paralysis known as REM atonia, which prevents the person from acting out their dreams. This makes the statement about Manny doing calisthenics during REM sleep incorrect, as physical activity is highly unlikely due to this paralysis.

Question 4

Ryan is hooked up to an electroencephalograph (EEG) in a sleep lab. When he reaches slow-wave sleep, the researchers will see

Accepted Answer

Delta waves are characteristic of slow-wave sleep, indicating deep sleep with high amplitude, low-frequency brain activity.

Question 5

Last night it took Peter about 40 minutes to get to asleep. According to research on how long it takes people to fall asleep, this is

Accepted Answer

The average time it takes for a person to fall asleep, known as sleep latency, is approximately 10 to 20 minutes. Therefore, taking 40 minutes is longer than average.

Question 6

Bailey is hooked up to an electroencephalograph (EEG) in a sleep lab. She has been asleep for just over an hour now, and her EEG is showing low-amplitude brain-wave patterns. Her breathing and pulse rate are irregular, and her eyes are darting back and forth beneath her closed eyelids. The researcher who is monitoring Bailey's sleep can conclude that Bailey

Accepted Answer

Bailey's symptoms, including low-amplitude brain-wave patterns, irregular breathing and pulse rate, and rapid eye movement (REM) under her closed eyelids, indicate that she is in REM sleep, which is characterized by these physiological signs.

Question 7

The majority of slow-wave sleep _____ the course of a night's sleep.

Accepted Answer

The majority of slow-wave sleep, also known as deep sleep, occurs early in the course of a night's sleep. This phase is most prominent during the first sleep cycles.

Question 8

Dr. Everett is observing Robert in a sleep lab. Dr. Everett intends to wake Robert up each time he begins REM sleep. Based on the electroencephalograph (EEG) recordings, Robert should be awakened each time the EEG shows ​

Accepted Answer

REM sleep is characterized by low-voltage, high-frequency beta waves, similar to those seen in the awake state, which is why B is the correct answer. Alpha waves are associated with relaxed wakefulness, sleep spindles occur during stage 2 non-REM sleep, and theta waves are seen in light sleep stages.

Question 9

Research has shown that dreaming

Accepted Answer

Dreaming can occur during both REM (Rapid Eye Movement) sleep and non-REM sleep, although it is more vivid and frequent during REM sleep.

Question 10

If you were awakened while you are experiencing rapid eye movements, you probably would report that you had

Accepted Answer

Rapid Eye Movement (REM) sleep is the sleep stage during which dreaming occurs. If someone is awakened during REM sleep, they are likely to report that they had been dreaming.

Question 11

Olivia has trouble staying asleep for more than 4 hours at a time. Olivia is likely to experience

Accepted Answer

People who sleep less than the typical 8 hours are likely to experience less REM sleep, as REM cycles become longer and more frequent in the latter part of the sleep period.

Question 12

Sleep stages 3 and 4 are referred to as _____ sleep.

Accepted Answer

Sleep stages 3 and 4 are referred to as slow-wave sleep because they are characterized by slow brain waves called delta waves.

Question 13

REM periods of sleep tend to _____ as the night goes on.

Accepted Answer

REM periods of sleep tend to lengthen as the night progresses, with longer REM episodes occurring during the second half of the sleep cycle.

Question 14

A person typically has _____ sleep cycles during the course of a night's sleep.

Accepted Answer

A person typically goes through four to six sleep cycles during the course of a night's sleep, but four is a common average often cited in sleep studies.

Question 15

You are observing your friend Melissa while she is sleeping. She is tossing and turning. It is MOST likely that Melissa is currently in ​

Accepted Answer

During NREM sleep, especially in stages 3 and 4 (also known as slow-wave sleep), the body can move, and such movements are not associated with dreaming. In contrast, REM sleep is characterized by rapid eye movements and is the stage where vivid dreams occur. However, during REM sleep, the body is typically in a state of muscle atonia (muscle paralysis) to prevent one from acting out their dreams.

Question 16

Rebecca is hooked up to an electroencephalograph (EEG) in a sleep lab. As the researcher watches the printout from the EEG, delta waves appear. Based on this information, the researcher can conclude that Rebecca

Accepted Answer

Delta waves are characteristic of deep sleep, which corresponds to stage 3 sleep in the sleep cycle. This stage is associated with the deepest level of sleep, where delta waves are most prominent.

Question 17

REM sleep is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT ​

Accepted Answer

During REM sleep, breathing and pulse rate are not regular; they can vary greatly, unlike in non-REM sleep where these functions are more stable and regular.

Question 18

Given the cyclical nature of sleep, we can expect to do the MOST dreaming ​

Accepted Answer

Dreaming primarily occurs during the REM (Rapid Eye Movement) stage of sleep, which becomes longer and more frequent toward the end of the night's sleep cycle.

Question 19

The paradox concerning REM sleep is that while ​

Accepted Answer

During REM sleep, the brain-wave pattern is similar to that of an alert and awake individual, despite it being a deep sleep stage.

Question 20

As a person falls into deeper sleep, his or her pattern of brain-wave activity becomes both _____ in frequency and _____ in amplitude.

Accepted Answer

As a person falls into deeper sleep, their brain-wave activity becomes slower in frequency and higher in amplitude, indicating deeper, more restful sleep stages.

Quiz 5: Variations in Consciousness

The brain-wave pattern of a person in _____ sleep resembles the brain-wave pattern observed when the individual is awake and alert.

In general, as the cycle of sleep recurs through the night, it tends to contain

"Manny got out of bed and began doing calisthenics during REM sleep, probably because he was dreaming about boot camp." Which of the following indicates what is WRONG with this statement?

Ryan is hooked up to an electroencephalograph (EEG) in a sleep lab. When he reaches slow-wave sleep, the researchers will see

Last night it took Peter about 40 minutes to get to asleep. According to research on how long it takes people to fall asleep, this is

The majority of slow-wave sleep _____ the course of a night's sleep.

Dr. Everett is observing Robert in a sleep lab. Dr. Everett intends to wake Robert up each time he begins REM sleep. Based on the electroencephalograph (EEG) recordings, Robert should be awakened each time the EEG shows

Research has shown that dreaming

If you were awakened while you are experiencing rapid eye movements, you probably would report that you had

Olivia has trouble staying asleep for more than 4 hours at a time. Olivia is likely to experience

Sleep stages 3 and 4 are referred to as _____ sleep.

REM periods of sleep tend to _____ as the night goes on.

A person typically has _____ sleep cycles during the course of a night's sleep.

You are observing your friend Melissa while she is sleeping. She is tossing and turning. It is MOST likely that Melissa is currently in

Rebecca is hooked up to an electroencephalograph (EEG) in a sleep lab. As the researcher watches the printout from the EEG, delta waves appear. Based on this information, the researcher can conclude that Rebecca

REM sleep is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT

Given the cyclical nature of sleep, we can expect to do the MOST dreaming

The paradox concerning REM sleep is that while

As a person falls into deeper sleep, his or her pattern of brain-wave activity becomes both _ in frequency and _ in amplitude.

Quiz 5: Variations in Consciousness

The brain-wave pattern of a person in _____ sleep resembles the brain-wave pattern observed when the individual is awake and alert.

In general, as the cycle of sleep recurs through the night, it tends to contain

"Manny got out of bed and began doing calisthenics during REM sleep, probably because he was dreaming about boot camp." Which of the following indicates what is WRONG with this statement?

Ryan is hooked up to an electroencephalograph (EEG) in a sleep lab. When he reaches slow-wave sleep, the researchers will see

Last night it took Peter about 40 minutes to get to asleep. According to research on how long it takes people to fall asleep, this is

The majority of slow-wave sleep _____ the course of a night's sleep.

Dr. Everett is observing Robert in a sleep lab. Dr. Everett intends to wake Robert up each time he begins REM sleep. Based on the electroencephalograph (EEG) recordings, Robert should be awakened each time the EEG shows ​

Research has shown that dreaming

If you were awakened while you are experiencing rapid eye movements, you probably would report that you had

Olivia has trouble staying asleep for more than 4 hours at a time. Olivia is likely to experience

Sleep stages 3 and 4 are referred to as _____ sleep.

REM periods of sleep tend to _____ as the night goes on.

A person typically has _____ sleep cycles during the course of a night's sleep.

You are observing your friend Melissa while she is sleeping. She is tossing and turning. It is MOST likely that Melissa is currently in ​

Rebecca is hooked up to an electroencephalograph (EEG) in a sleep lab. As the researcher watches the printout from the EEG, delta waves appear. Based on this information, the researcher can conclude that Rebecca

REM sleep is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT ​

Given the cyclical nature of sleep, we can expect to do the MOST dreaming ​

The paradox concerning REM sleep is that while ​

As a person falls into deeper sleep, his or her pattern of brain-wave activity becomes both _____ in frequency and _____ in amplitude.

Dr. Everett is observing Robert in a sleep lab. Dr. Everett intends to wake Robert up each time he begins REM sleep. Based on the electroencephalograph (EEG) recordings, Robert should be awakened each time the EEG shows

You are observing your friend Melissa while she is sleeping. She is tossing and turning. It is MOST likely that Melissa is currently in

REM sleep is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT

Given the cyclical nature of sleep, we can expect to do the MOST dreaming

The paradox concerning REM sleep is that while

As a person falls into deeper sleep, his or her pattern of brain-wave activity becomes both _ in frequency and _ in amplitude.