Question 1

Which of the following solutions have a calming effect on neonates?

Accepted Answer

Sweet solutions, such as those containing sucrose, have been shown to have a calming effect on neonates. They can reduce crying and induce a soothing effect, often used during minor painful procedures.

Question 2

Which of the following scenarios illustrates the rooting reflex?

Accepted Answer

The rooting reflex is a natural instinct in newborns, where they turn their head toward anything that strokes their cheek or mouth, searching for the object by moving their head in steadily decreasing arcs until the object is found. This reflex helps babies find the breast or bottle to begin feeding. Scenario C, where Nia turns her head to the left when her cousin touches her left cheek, perfectly illustrates this reflex.

Question 3

In which of the following methods of learning are neonates' involuntary responses conditioned to new stimuli?

Accepted Answer

Classical conditioning involves pairing a neutral stimulus with a stimulus that naturally evokes a response until the neutral stimulus alone comes to evoke a similar response. This method can be used to condition involuntary responses in neonates to new stimuli.

Question 4

Judy has a 3-month-old baby. Whenever someone tickles the baby's cheeks or chin, she moves her head toward that person's fingers and puts them in her mouth. This is most likely due to the _____.

Accepted Answer

The rooting reflex is a natural instinct for babies, which helps them find food. When a baby's cheek or chin is touched, they naturally turn their head toward the touch and open their mouth to "root" for a nipple. This reflex is crucial for breastfeeding and is present from birth, typically fading around 4 months of age.

Question 5

Which of the following statements is true of the palmar reflex observed in infants?

Accepted Answer

The palmar reflex, where an infant will grasp an object placed in their hand, is a primitive reflex that typically disappears around 5 to 6 months of age as voluntary grasping develops.

Question 6

Which of the following features of an infant is assessed using the Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following features of an...

Question 7

Which of the following observations on parent-infant bonding was made in the controversial research led by Klaus and Kennell?

Accepted Answer

Klaus and Kennell's research emphasized the importance of immediate and extended contact between parents and their newborns right after birth to foster parent-infant bonding, suggesting that such early interactions are crucial for the development of a strong bond.

Question 8

Which of the following is true of a neonate's reflexes?

Accepted Answer

Neonatal reflexes serve as indicators of the neonate's neurological function and health. These reflexes are automatic responses to specific stimuli and are not the result of complex thought processes or conscious decisions. They do not disappear within hours after birth but rather fade as the child grows and develops, typically over months. These reflexes are not replaced by involuntary actions; instead, as the child's nervous system matures, voluntary control over movements increases.

Question 9

Which of the following is true of visual accommodation?

Accepted Answer

Visual accommodation refers to the eye's ability to change its focus from distant to near objects through the adjustment of the lens. Neonates (newborns) have limited visual accommodation abilities, meaning they cannot easily adjust their focus between objects at different distances. This is why option C is correct, as it accurately reflects the limited capacity for visual accommodation in neonates.

Question 10

According to the American Psychiatric Association, postpartum psychosis affects ________.

Accepted Answer

Postpartum psychosis is a rare but serious mental health condition that affects about 1 in 1,000 women after childbirth, according to the American Psychiatric Association.

Question 11

Which of the following statements is true of bonding between parents and their newborn children?

Accepted Answer

Serious maternal depression can impact the emotional and psychological state of a mother, potentially delaying the bonding process with her newborn. This is because depression can affect a mother's ability to engage, respond, and connect with her baby in the early stages after birth.

Question 12

Which of the following solutions stimulate spitting, gagging, and sticking out the tongue in infants?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following solutions stimulate spitting,...

Question 13

In the palmar reflex, a child ________.

Accepted Answer

The palmar reflex is an involuntary movement in infants where they grasp objects placed in their palms.

Question 14

Jessica is the mother of a 4-month-old boy. She notices that whenever she picks her baby from his crib, he moves his arms and legs as if he is trying to hug her. The baby moves in this manner due to the _____.

Accepted Answer

The Moro reflex is an involuntary response in infants to a sense of falling or sudden loss of support, causing them to spread their arms, unspread them, and then cry, which can resemble a hugging motion when being picked up.

Question 15

Which of the following terms refers to an unlearned, stereotypical response to a stimulus?

Accepted Answer

A reflex is an unlearned, automatic response to a specific stimulus.

Question 16

A measure of a newborn's overall level of health that assesses appearance, pulse, grimace, activity level, and respiratory effort is _______.

Accepted Answer

The Apgar scale is used to quickly summarize the health of newborn children against infant mortality. It assesses five criteria: appearance (skin color), pulse (heart rate), grimace response (reflexes), activity (muscle tone), and respiration (breathing rate and effort).

Question 17

In the Apgar scale, the criteria of activity level evaluates babies' ________.

Accepted Answer

The Apgar scale's activity level criterion specifically evaluates a baby's muscle tone, assessing how well the baby moves and the strength of their movements.

Question 18

Which of the following statements is true of women who experience major depression with perinatal onset?

Accepted Answer

Women who experience major depression with perinatal onset can benefit from social support and counseling as part of their treatment plan. This approach can help address the emotional and psychological challenges they face during pregnancy or after childbirth.

Question 19

Which of the following is a similarity between the sucking reflex and the grasping reflex observed in infants?

Accepted Answer

Both the sucking reflex, which involves an infant automatically sucking on anything that touches the roof of their mouth, and the grasping reflex, where an infant will automatically grasp anything placed in their hand, are replaced by voluntary actions as the infant grows and develops. These reflexes are crucial for early development but become controlled actions as the child's motor skills and cognitive abilities mature.

Question 20

In which of the following reflexes does a baby arch the back, fling out the arms and legs, and draw them back to the chest in response to a sudden noise or change in position?

Accepted Answer

The Moro reflex is a startle response in infants that involves arching the back, flinging out the arms and legs, and then drawing them back to the chest. This reflex is typically triggered by a sudden noise or change in the baby's position.

Quiz 3: Birth and the Newborn Baby: in the New World