Question 1

Johnson is a socially awkward teenager and talks to everyone he meets in the same monotonous way. He has difficulty understanding emotions. On being examined, it was found that Johnson did not have the significant cognitive or language delays associated with autism. In this scenario, Johnson is most likely suffering from _____.

Accepted Answer

Asperger's syndrome is characterized by difficulties in social interaction and nonverbal communication, alongside restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior and interests. Unlike other forms on the autism spectrum, individuals with Asperger's syndrome do not have significant delays in cognitive and language development, matching the description of Johnson's condition.

Question 2

Who among the following children is a victim of physical neglect?

Accepted Answer

Matthew is a victim of physical neglect because his basic need for adequate food is not being met by his mother, which is a form of neglect. Physical neglect involves failing to provide essential needs such as food, clothing, shelter, and medical care.

Question 3

Who among the following children is most likely a victim of emotional abuse?

Accepted Answer

Clark's situation directly indicates emotional abuse through verbal criticism and negative labeling by a parent, which can significantly impact a child's self-esteem and social interactions.

Question 4

The Harlows and their colleagues conducted studies of rhesus monkeys that were "reared by" wire-mesh and terry-cloth surrogate mothers. According to this study, rhesus infants reared in solitary confinement ________.

Accepted Answer

The Harlows' studies found that rhesus monkeys reared in isolation with surrogate mothers showed significant social deficits, including avoidance of other monkeys, when they were later introduced to their peers.

Question 5

Who among the following infants is a victim of educational neglect?

Accepted Answer

Educational neglect refers to a situation where a child's caretaker fails to ensure the child is receiving an appropriate education. Amin's case, where he regularly skips school with his parents' approval, is a clear example of educational neglect. The other options describe different issues but do not directly relate to neglecting the child's educational needs.

Question 6

If caregivers are to be missed when absent, infants must perceive that they continue to exist. This statement reflects the concept of _____.

Accepted Answer

The concept of object permanence refers to the understanding that objects continue to exist even when they cannot be observed. This cognitive development stage is crucial for infants to miss their caregivers when they are not present, as it implies the infant understands the caregiver exists even though they are out of sight.

Question 7

According to Freud's psychoanalytic theory, an infant's attachment to his or her mother in the first year is primarily a result of ________.

Accepted Answer

Freud's psychoanalytic theory emphasizes the importance of the oral stage in the first year of life, where the infant's primary source of interaction with the world is through the mouth. According to Freud, the infant's attachment to the mother is primarily due to the satisfaction of oral needs, such as feeding.

Question 8

Aaron's mother refuses to send him to school. She says, "Schools do not have anything good to teach children nowadays." In this scenario, Aaron is a victim of _____.

Accepted Answer

Aaron is a victim of educational neglect because his mother refuses to send him to school, depriving him of his right to education.

Question 9

Which of the following statements would a person who propagates the behavioral view of attachment most likely support? ​

Accepted Answer

Behavioral view of attachment emphasizes the role of reinforcement and conditioning in the development of attachment between infants and their caregivers. Infants learn to associate their caregivers with the satisfaction of their needs, which is why they approach them. This perspective focuses on observable behaviors and the environmental factors influencing these behaviors, rather than innate predispositions or cognitive developments.

Question 10

Which of the following is true of abused children?

Accepted Answer

Abused children often suffer from low self-esteem and may struggle academically due to the emotional and psychological effects of abuse. This can impact their performance in school and overall well-being.

Question 11

Who among the following children is a victim of sexual abuse?

Accepted Answer

Andressa is a victim of sexual abuse because she was raped by her neighbor, which directly involves non-consensual sexual contact.

Question 12

Who among the following children is a victim of physical abuse?

Accepted Answer

Physical abuse involves the infliction of physical harm or injury upon a child, which is clearly depicted in choice B where Mia's father beats her with a belt. This action directly causes physical harm, making it a clear case of physical abuse.

Question 13

Anna is a 7-month-old baby. Her mother is a drug user, and she often leaves her infant unattended for several hours whenever she is under the influence of drugs. Anna is a victim of _____.

Accepted Answer

Anna is experiencing emotional neglect, as her mother's failure to attend to her basic emotional needs by leaving her unattended for hours, especially at such a vulnerable age, constitutes neglect. Emotional abuse would involve more active mistreatment or harm. Educational neglect does not apply as Anna is too young for educational requirements, and there is no indication of sexual abuse.

Question 14

The behavioral view of the development of attachment suggested that ______.

Accepted Answer

The behavioral view posits that attachment is learned through conditioning processes, such as classical conditioning (where a child learns to associate comfort and care with their caregiver) and operant conditioning (where behaviors are learned based on the responses they elicit, such as attention or comfort from a caregiver).

Question 15

, a 3-year-old, is severely malnourished and constantly falls ill. His mother does not take care of his personal hygiene and makes him wear unwashed clothes for weeks. In this scenario, Aiden is a victim of _____.

Accepted Answer

Aiden is a victim of physical neglect, as indicated by severe malnutrition, frequent illnesses, and lack of personal hygiene care, including being made to wear unwashed clothes for extended periods.

Question 16

Liam's father is an alcoholic. He hits Liam and his mother every night after getting drunk. In this scenario, Liam is a victim of _____.

Accepted Answer

Liam is a victim of physical abuse, as indicated by being hit by his father. Physical abuse involves causing physical harm or injury to someone, which aligns with the scenario described.

Question 17

According to Mary Ainsworth and her colleagues, the clear-cut-attachment phase occurs at about ______.

Accepted Answer

The clear-cut-attachment phase, according to Mary Ainsworth and her colleagues, typically begins at about six or seven months of age, when infants start to show strong preferences for their primary caregivers.

Question 18

Asperger's disorder is characterized by ________.

Accepted Answer

Asperger's disorder, now considered part of the autism spectrum disorder (ASD) category, is primarily characterized by social deficits and repetitive or stereotyped behaviors, without the significant cognitive or language delays often associated with autism.

Question 19

Amy, a two-year-old, is often hit by her father who has a violent temper. Her father is a successful lawyer who provides his family with a decent lifestyle. However, he cannot control his anger and often lashes out on his family members. Amy is a victim of _____.

Accepted Answer

Amy is a victim of physical abuse, as indicated by being hit by her father, which is a form of physical harm or injury inflicted on her.

Question 20

a classic study, René A. Spitz found that institutionalized children who receive little or no social stimulation from caregivers ________.

Accepted Answer

René A. Spitz's study on institutionalized children revealed that those who received little or no social stimulation from caregivers appeared depressed and withdrawn, highlighting the critical role of early social interactions in emotional development.

Quiz 6: Infancy: Social and Emotional Development