Question 1

Why did Chesapeake planters shift from using indentured servants as laborers to black slaves?

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Question 2

Compare the "Restoration" colonies: Carolina, New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania. Why were they founded, who settled there, and what were the economic and political successes and failures in each colony?

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Question 3

During the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries, how did Native Americans fare in Spain's American territories?
A) Mission life helped them to keep together and preserve their traditional work habits and language.
B) Their population declined as they suffered terrible epidemics.
C) Spanish colonial administrators enslaved Native Americans to work in silver mines.
D) Spanish soldiers slaughtered native Americans whenever they resisted the efforts of missionaries.
E) All of these choices

Accepted Answer

Native Americans in Spain's American territories suffered from terrible epidemics that led to a significant decline in their population during the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries.

Question 4

Why was the siege of Santa Fe significant?
A) It led to the defeat of the Taos Indians.
B) It was one battle in the continuing war between the Taos and Apache Indians.
C) It led to subsequent Indian attacks and the expulsion of the Spanish from New Mexico for over a decade.
D) It marked the end of the Spanish empire and the beginning of French predominance.
E) It brought the Spanish into a head-on collision with the French over control of New Mexico's capital, Santa Fe.

Accepted Answer

The siege of Santa Fe was significant because it led to subsequent Indian attacks and the expulsion of the Spanish from New Mexico for over a decade. This event was part of the Pueblo Revolt of 1680, where the Pueblo people rose against the Spanish colonizers, leading to their temporary retreat from the area.

Question 5

Compare and contrast the role of religion in Virginia and Maryland before 1700. What role did religion play in each colony? Why? What difficulties would colonists have had in practicing their religion?

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Question 6

Describe Bacon's Rebellion. Why did the rebellion occur, and who were the key leaders for and against the rebels? How did the rebellion come to an end? How did it influence Virginia's land and labor systems?

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Question 7

Explain how Chesapeake politics and society were shaped by the following factors: royal indifference, the need for additional taxes, demographic patterns, economic successes and failures, and labor problems.

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Question 8

How did the French and Spanish colonies in mainland North America differ from those of England?

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Question 9

How did the Spanish regain control of New Mexico after the Pueblo Revolt?
A) They didn't; the Pueblos retained control until well into the 1700s.
B) Spanish governor Diego de Vargas exploited divisions among the Pueblos and used violence to squash resistance by 1700.
C) They kidnapped Pueblo leaders and raided villages.
D) They hired the Apaches to defeat the Pueblos.
E) None of these choices

Accepted Answer

Spanish governor Diego de Vargas played a crucial role in the reconquest of New Mexico following the Pueblo Revolt of 1680. By exploiting divisions among the Pueblo peoples and employing military force, de Vargas was able to reestablish Spanish control over the region by 1700.

Question 10

Discuss the role of religion in shaping New England society. What was the importance - and the fundamental weakness - of the "conversion experience"? Why did New England's religious institutions become far more democratic than those in Great Britain?

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Question 11

What was the main purpose of France's North American empire?
A) to convert native Americans to Christianity.
B) to provide furs and agricultural surpluses for the West Indies and timber for the French navy.
C) to pressure the British into ending their expansion.
D) to block attempts by the Dutch to gain a monopoly of the sugar trade.
E) to provide a location for French Protestants to worship without fear of persecution.

Accepted Answer

The main purpose of France's North American empire was to exploit the natural resources, particularly through the fur trade, and to provide agricultural products and timber for various needs within the French empire, including the West Indies and the French navy.

Question 12

Why was France able to hold onto its vast North American domain against Spanish and English expansion?
A) The French maintained a large army.
B) They constructed fortified missions.
C) They maintained stable relations with the Native Americans.
D) They were technologically superior.
E) They established stable communities throughout New France.

Accepted Answer

The French were able to maintain their vast North American domain largely due to their stable relations with the Native Americans, which facilitated alliances and trade networks that supported French territorial claims and economic interests in the region.

Question 13

What were the economic foundations of the British West Indies? How did the planters on the islands maintain a labor supply? How did the "sugar revolution" transform the British Caribbean colonies into "a starkly unequal world of haves and have-nots"?

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Question 14

Describe the role of women and the family in Puritan society. What position did women have in the Puritan family and in New England society generally? To what extent was the lot of New England women better than it had been in England, and to what extent was it much the same?

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Question 15

What did John Winthrop mean when he spoke of his "city upon a hill"? To what extent were the Puritans successful in building that city? How and why did the market economy threaten and ultimately transform their city?

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Question 16

In what ways did the middle colonies differ from other English colonial regions?

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Question 17

Explore the efforts of France and Spain to create empires in North America. What were their objectives in establishing settlements in North America? What difficulties did they encounter? Overall, how successful were they?

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Question 18

What factors facilitated the extension of slavery from the English Caribbean to Carolina?

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Question 19

Why did colonial New Englanders abandon John Winthrop's vision of a" city upon a hill"?

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Question 20

Discuss the changes in the labor system in Virginia between 1625 and 1700. What types of labor were used? What were the characteristics of the different labor systems? Why did some systems prove more successful than others? Explain.

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Quiz 3: The Emergence of Colonial Societies