Question 1

A(n)____ is defined as a person's subjective probability that he or she will perform the behavior in question.

Accepted Answer

An intention is a person's subjective probability or likelihood of performing a behavior. A plan refers to details about how a person will carry out the behavior, while appraisal typically refers to evaluating an event or situation. A hypothesis is a proposed explanation or prediction that can be tested.

Question 2

Which theme of the text does not always apply in the intersection of health and social psychology?

Accepted Answer

The theme "Nature says go, culture says stop" may not always apply in the intersection of health and social psychology. While it may apply to certain aspects, such as cultural beliefs around sexual health, it may not apply to other areas such as the role of social support in health outcomes.

Question 3

The process organizations use to identify potential employees for a job is ____.

Accepted Answer

Recruitment is the process of identifying and attracting potential employees for a job. Job analysis is the process of studying and analyzing the duties and requirements of a job. Organizational socialization is the process of integrating new employees into the organization's culture. Performance review is the process of evaluating an employee's job performance. Out of all the options, recruitment is the most appropriate answer.

Question 4

The identification of critical elements to do a job is accomplished through ____.

Accepted Answer

Job analysis is a process of gathering and analyzing information related to a particular job. This includes identifying the critical elements or tasks required to perform the job successfully. Workforce planning is a broader process that involves identifying future staffing needs, while performance review evaluates an individual's job performance. Organizational climate relates to the overall perception and atmosphere within an organization. Therefore, job analysis is the best choice for identifying critical job elements.

Question 5

Maria opposes mandatory vaccination of children and often cites "evidence" of the harm caused by vaccines while apparently ignoring their safety and efficacy in the vast majority of instances. This is consistent with _____.

Accepted Answer

Maria's behavior is consistent with confirmation bias, where she selectively seeks out and accepts information that confirms her preexisting beliefs, and ignores evidence that conflicts with those beliefs.

Question 6

People who experience ____ show a disease-prone personality.

Accepted Answer

People who experience long-term negative feelings, such as depression or anxiety, tend to have a disease-prone personality according to research. They may engage in unhealthy habits or have weaker immune systems due to the ongoing stress and negative emotions. Low levels of anxiety (A) and high self-esteem (C) are not necessarily indicative of a disease-prone personality. Chronic positive affect (D) may actually be beneficial for physical health.

Question 7

____ permit organizations to discriminate in hiring individuals in a protected class on the basis of a qualification that is deemed reasonably necessary to the operation of the business.

Accepted Answer

Bona fide occupational qualifications are a legal exception to anti-discrimination laws that allow employers to hire individuals on the basis of a specific qualification that is necessary for the job. This exception is only valid if the qualification is essential to the job and cannot be reasonably accommodated in any other way. A and D are not accurate descriptions of this legal exception, and C refers to a job analysis system that is not relevant to this question.

Question 8

Janae is doing an interview with a series of prospective employees. She asks each candidate the same questions in the same order and rates their answers on a predetermined rating scale. Janae is conducting a(n)____ interview.

Accepted Answer

Janae is using a set of pre-determined questions and a rating scale, making this a structured interview. Affective interviews focus on emotional responses, normative interviews compare candidates to each other, and unstructured interviews have no set questions or rating system.

Question 9

In 2013, employees ages 25-54 with children worked, on average, ____ hours per day.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In 2013, employees ages 25-54 with children...

Question 10

If you discriminate against an individual in a protected class in a hiring decision, you must be sure that the reason for your discrimination is based upon a(n)____.

Accepted Answer

BFOQ, or Bona Fide Occupational Qualification, is a legal exception in discrimination law that allows employers to hire individuals based on a protected trait if it is necessary for the job. For example, it is acceptable to hire only male actors to play male roles, or to require a certain level of physical ability for certain jobs. However, BFOQ must be based on job requirements and not personal preferences or stereotypes. Therefore, if you discriminate against someone in a protected class, you must have a BFOQ as a valid reason.

Question 11

If you need to know about the tasks, knowledge, skills, work activities, wages, and employment outlook for a number of different jobs, what online resource would be most helpful?

Accepted Answer

O*NET (Occupational Information Network) provides detailed information on tasks, knowledge, skills, work activities, wages, and employment outlook for a wide range of occupations. It is a comprehensive online resource for career exploration and job analysis.

Question 12

"Can-do" is to ____ as "will-do" is to ____.

Accepted Answer

"Can-do" refers to having the ability to do something, while "will-do" refers to having the motivation to do it. Therefore, A) ability; motivation is the best choice.

Question 13

Your text describes a study in which researchers recruited single, sexually active student volunteers to take part in a campaign (actually the experimental manipulation)supposedly designed to get other students who were just becoming sexually active to practice safe sex. The volunteers were asked to develop a persuasive speech about acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)and safer sex that was then videotaped. Researchers found that the students who made the taped speeches were more likely to use condoms, a finding that is consistent with ____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Your text describes a study in which...

Question 14

Which company was rated the best company to work for (based on employee input)by Fortune in 2014, and why?

Accepted Answer

Google was rated the best company to work for in 2014 based on employee input because of the positive attitudes of the executives towards their employees in terms of benefits and culture. The company offers perks such as free gourmet food, on-site laundry, and massages, as well as generous maternity and paternity leave, which contributes to a positive work-life balance for employees. Additionally, Google fosters a collaborative and innovative work environment, which empowers employees to contribute to the success of the company.

Question 15

One of the defining characteristics of industrial/organizational psychology is its _____.

Accepted Answer

Industrial/organizational psychology focuses on studying normal behavior in the workplace, such as employee motivation, job satisfaction, and effective leadership. It also applies research findings to improve workplace practices and productivity. Therefore, option B is the correct choice as it highlights one of the defining characteristics of this field. The other options (A, C, and D) are not accurate as industrial/organizational psychology is theoretical, applied, and studies both groups and individuals.

Question 16

Amira notices a lump in her breast, but convinces herself that it was always there. As she continues to examine her breasts monthly, the lump remains and seems larger, but each time Amira finds a way to explain it away--the lump is just a result of the uncomfortable bra she was wearing, the lump is connected to her menstrual cycle, and so forth. In fact, she never has the lump investigated because she interprets the lump in terms of her belief that she is "healthy." Amira has succumbed to which social psychological error in thinking?

Accepted Answer

Amira has succumbed to confirmation bias, which is the tendency to interpret and seek out information in a way that confirms existing beliefs or assumptions. Despite evidence suggesting otherwise, Amira convinces herself that the lump is not a cause for concern because it does not fit with her existing belief that she is "healthy."

Question 17

You are taking a test for a job application as a brick layer. The test requires you to answer questions about science fiction literature. This test lacks ____.

Accepted Answer

The test lacks validity as it is not measuring what it is supposed to measure, which is the skills and knowledge required for bricklaying. The questions about science fiction literature are not relevant to the job.

Question 18

The most respected jobs of 2013 based on ratings of the honesty and ethical standards of occupations include ____.

Accepted Answer

According to the question, the most respected jobs of 2013 based on ratings of the honesty and ethical standards of occupations includes only one option which is nurses. The other three options (lobbyists, media reporters, and corporate lawyers) are not considered as highly respected based on the same criteria.

Question 19

Mia has pictures of half-naked men all over her cubicle, and she is constantly making lewd jokes about sex and men as sex objects. Mia is engaged in ____.

Accepted Answer

Mia's behavior creates a hostile work environment by making her colleagues uncomfortable and creating a sexually charged atmosphere. This can be considered sexual harassment.

Question 20

The critical incident technique (CIT)uses critical incidents or behaviors that discriminate between ____ behavior for someone performing the job.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The critical incident technique (CIT)uses critical incidents...

Quiz 15: Application Module A: Applying Social Psychology to Consumer Behavior

A(n) ____ is defined as a person's subjective probability that he or she will perform the behavior in question.