Question 1

Do people usually think in optimistic or overly ambitious ways when they are setting goals or striving to achieve goals?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Do people usually think in optimistic or...

Question 2

The so-called Zeigarnik effect refers to the tendency for people ____.

Accepted Answer

The Zeigarnik effect refers to the tendency for unfinished, interrupted tasks to be better remembered than completed tasks, causing individuals to experience automatic, intrusive thoughts about the unfinished goal until it is completed.

Question 3

Research on positive illusions and goal-setting indicates that ____.

Accepted Answer

Research on positive illusions and goal-setting indicates that when setting goals, most people set aside positive illusions, and are (at least temporarily) realistic. Positive illusions may provide a temporary boost of motivation, but people ultimately rely on realistic goal-setting to achieve their objectives.

Question 4

Research on positive illusions and goal-setting indicates that ____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Research on positive illusions and goal-setting indicates...

Question 5

According to the research on goal setting and achievement, if all of the students below had similar track records, which of them should we expect to perform BEST in school in the coming month?

Accepted Answer

Student C has a specific, measurable, and achievable goal of getting at least an A- on each exam and assignment for the upcoming month. This type of goal setting has been shown to be effective in achieving academic success. Student A has a very high and unrealistic goal, while Student B and D have vague goals that do not provide enough guidance for achieving success.

Question 6

When people are setting goals, the core question is, ____. When people are pursuing goals, the core question is, ____.

Accepted Answer

When setting goals, the core question is "Why should I do it?" to establish the purpose and motivation behind the goal. When pursuing goals, the core question shifts to "How do I do it?" as individuals focus on the strategies and actions needed to achieve the goal. Option A and C are incorrect because cultural desirability is not necessarily the core question in goal setting or pursuit. Option D is incorrect because "Is it culturally desirable?" is not the core question when pursuing goals.

Question 7

Research indicates that when people are setting goals, they tend to think in a(n)____ way, and when they are pursuing or striving for goals, they to think in a(n)____ way.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Research indicates that when people are setting...

Question 8

Personal projects, or personal strivings, are also known as ____.

Accepted Answer

Personal projects or personal strivings are often referred to as goals. They are a desired outcome or objective that an individual works towards achieving.

Question 9

Suppose that Peter hates his job as a medical assistant. Research on the panic button effect would suggest that Peter would hate his job less if ____.

Accepted Answer

The panic button effect suggests that people feel less stressed in a job they dislike if they feel they have the option to quit and find a different job. Therefore, if Peter feels he has the freedom to leave his job and find a different one, he may hate his job less. Option B is not relevant to reducing job dissatisfaction as it focuses on the fear of potential negative consequences if he loses the job. Option C may not be effective as Peter may not find the job rewarding despite its impact on others. Option D may not be helpful as it focuses on a hypothetical scenario that may not be relevant to the actual job Peter is currently in.

Question 10

Research suggests that goals are MOST helpful in facilitating achievement when they are ____.

Accepted Answer

Specific goals provide clear direction and focus for individuals, while setting somewhat difficult goals can provide motivation and challenge without causing overwhelm. This combination has been shown to be most effective for facilitating achievement. Broad or overly easy goals may not provide enough motivation or direction, while overly difficult goals may lead to discouragement or avoidance.

Question 11

Research indicates that people who believe that they are acting autonomously, based on intrinsic motivations, are ____ compared people who believe that their behavior is guided by external forces and extrinsic motivations.

Accepted Answer

Research consistently shows that individuals who believe they are acting autonomously, based on intrinsic motivations, experience higher levels of well-being and often perform better than those who believe their behavior is guided by external forces and extrinsic motivations.

Question 12

Suppose that you are out on a date. Although your date is somewhat entertaining, you keep having intrusive thoughts about the paper that you need to finish writing when you get home. These thoughts are evidence of the ____.

Accepted Answer

The Zeigarnik effect refers to the tendency to remember incomplete tasks better than completed tasks. In this scenario, the thoughts about the unfinished paper are a manifestation of the Zeigarnik effect, as the task is incomplete and therefore more likely to occupy the mind. The other options (omission bias, panic button effect, capacity to delay gratification) do not fit the specific description of the scenario.

Question 13

Angelo has mild autism spectrum disorder and participates in an applied behavioral analysis program. Each day in school, he is allowed to decide the order in which he will work on his tasks, although the day's tasks have been selected for him, and which of several possible rewards he would like when he has completed each task. This approach is most consistent with ____ theory.

Accepted Answer

Self-determination theory emphasizes the importance of autonomy, competence, and relatedness in motivation and well-being. Allowing Angelo to choose the order of his tasks and the rewards he receives for completing them gives him a sense of autonomy and control, which can increase his motivation and engagement in the program. This approach is consistent with the principles of self-determination theory.

Question 14

The so-called panic button effect refers to the tendency for people ____.

Accepted Answer

The panic button effect refers to the tendency for people to feel relatively less stress or suffering when they think that they have the option of escaping from a situation. This is also known as the "flight" response in the fight or flight stress response system.

Question 15

Does having goals actually help people to achieve things? Does it matter if the goals are broad (e.g., "getting a good education")rather than narrow (e.g., "getting a good grade on a specific assignment")?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Does having goals actually help people to...

Question 16

According to self-determination theory, people who act based on ____ are freer than others.

Accepted Answer

Self-determination theory proposes that individuals who act based on intrinsic motivations are freer because they are motivated by their own interests, values, and desires rather than external rewards or pressures. Intrinsic motivations are also associated with greater psychological well-being and a sense of autonomy, whereas extrinsic motivations can lead to feelings of coercion or control. Low levels of meaning are not specifically mentioned in the theory, and high levels of meaning may be beneficial but do not necessarily indicate greater freedom.

Question 17

Suppose that an annoying co-worker is always trying to get you involved in office athletic activities - bowling teams, softball teams, corporate Olympics, even fantasy football leagues and March Madness betting pools. Research on the panic button effect suggests that you would be less troubled by this person if ____.

Accepted Answer

The panic button effect suggests that feeling like you have control over a situation can reduce anxiety. In this case, feeling like you can simply tell the co-worker to stop involving you in office athletics gives you a sense of control and may reduce your anxiety in their presence.

Question 18

The so-called Zeigarnik effect helps us to ____.

Accepted Answer

The Zeigarnik effect is the tendency for people to remember unfinished tasks better than completed ones. This can help us to remember to return to and complete unfinished tasks.

Question 19

Thanh despises his job. His coworkers are, at best, annoying and more often, obnoxious and offensive. His supervisor is a narcissistic bully and the pay does not begin to make up for how terrible the conditions are. Thanh comforts himself by reminding himself that he can quit and work as a freelance web site designer if he wants to. This is consistent with the ____ effect.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Thanh despises his job. His coworkers are,...

Question 20

Which statement most accurately describes how humans differ from other animals in terms of goals?

Accepted Answer

While other animals may also have goals, humans are unique in their ability to interrupt and redirect their actions in order to achieve a previous goal. This cognitive flexibility allows us to prioritize and pursue multiple goals simultaneously.

Quiz 4: Behavior Control: the Self in Action

Do people usually think in optimistic or overly ambitious ways when they are setting goals or striving to achieve goals?

The so-called Zeigarnik effect refers to the tendency for people ____.

Research on positive illusions and goal-setting indicates that ____.

Research on positive illusions and goal-setting indicates that ____.

According to the research on goal setting and achievement, if all of the students below had similar track records, which of them should we expect to perform BEST in school in the coming month?

When people are setting goals, the core question is, . When people are pursuing goals, the core question is, .

Research indicates that when people are setting goals, they tend to think in a(n) way, and when they are pursuing or striving for goals, they to think in a(n) way.

Personal projects, or personal strivings, are also known as ____.

Suppose that Peter hates his job as a medical assistant. Research on the panic button effect would suggest that Peter would hate his job less if ____.

Research suggests that goals are MOST helpful in facilitating achievement when they are ____.

Research indicates that people who believe that they are acting autonomously, based on intrinsic motivations, are ____ compared people who believe that their behavior is guided by external forces and extrinsic motivations.

Suppose that you are out on a date. Although your date is somewhat entertaining, you keep having intrusive thoughts about the paper that you need to finish writing when you get home. These thoughts are evidence of the ____.

The so-called panic button effect refers to the tendency for people ____.

Does having goals actually help people to achieve things? Does it matter if the goals are broad (e.g., "getting a good education") rather than narrow (e.g., "getting a good grade on a specific assignment") ?

According to self-determination theory, people who act based on ____ are freer than others.

The so-called Zeigarnik effect helps us to ____.

Which statement most accurately describes how humans differ from other animals in terms of goals?

Quiz 4: Behavior Control: the Self in Action

Do people usually think in optimistic or overly ambitious ways when they are setting goals or striving to achieve goals?

The so-called Zeigarnik effect refers to the tendency for people ____.

Research on positive illusions and goal-setting indicates that ____.

Research on positive illusions and goal-setting indicates that ____.

According to the research on goal setting and achievement, if all of the students below had similar track records, which of them should we expect to perform BEST in school in the coming month?

When people are setting goals, the core question is, ____. When people are pursuing goals, the core question is, ____.

Research indicates that when people are setting goals, they tend to think in a(n) ____ way, and when they are pursuing or striving for goals, they to think in a(n) ____ way.

Personal projects, or personal strivings, are also known as ____.

Suppose that Peter hates his job as a medical assistant. Research on the panic button effect would suggest that Peter would hate his job less if ____.

Research suggests that goals are MOST helpful in facilitating achievement when they are ____.

Research indicates that people who believe that they are acting autonomously, based on intrinsic motivations, are ____ compared people who believe that their behavior is guided by external forces and extrinsic motivations.

Suppose that you are out on a date. Although your date is somewhat entertaining, you keep having intrusive thoughts about the paper that you need to finish writing when you get home. These thoughts are evidence of the ____.

The so-called panic button effect refers to the tendency for people ____.

Does having goals actually help people to achieve things? Does it matter if the goals are broad (e.g., "getting a good education") rather than narrow (e.g., "getting a good grade on a specific assignment") ?

According to self-determination theory, people who act based on ____ are freer than others.

The so-called Zeigarnik effect helps us to ____.

Which statement most accurately describes how humans differ from other animals in terms of goals?

When people are setting goals, the core question is, . When people are pursuing goals, the core question is, .

Research indicates that when people are setting goals, they tend to think in a(n) way, and when they are pursuing or striving for goals, they to think in a(n) way.