Question 1

You are the parent of a normal-size 9-year-old boy. As such, how many calories should you ensure that your child consumes each day so that he maintains a normal rate of development?
A) 600 calories
B) 1,200 calories
C) 2,400 calories
D) 4,800 calories

Accepted Answer

For a normal-size 9-year-old boy, the recommended daily calorie intake is approximately 2,400 calories. This amount supports his energy needs for growth, development, and daily activities.

Question 2

One successful program for teaching writing, the Self-Regulated Strategy Development in Writing program, tells students that _____ is a trick that good writers use.
A) SOAP + STONE
B) BIG + SMALL
C) WORD + WORDS
D) POW + TREE

Accepted Answer

The Self-Regulated Strategy Development (SRSD) model in writing instruction includes the use of mnemonic devices to help students remember the steps of the writing process. "POW" (Pick ideas, Organize their notes, Write and say more) and "TREE" (Topic sentence, Reasons – three or more, Explain reasons, Ending) are examples of such mnemonics used within the SRSD framework to teach students strategies for planning, organizing, and executing their writing tasks effectively.

Question 3

Who would be MOST likely to use a knowledge-telling strategy when working on a school paper?
A) Mary, who is in second grade
B) Barry, who is in eighth grade
C) Teri, who is a high school junior
D) Kari, who is a college senior

Accepted Answer

Younger students, like Mary in second grade, are more likely to use a knowledge-telling strategy when writing, as it involves writing down information as it comes to mind without much organization or revision, a method more common in early stages of writing development.

Question 4

Which strategy tends to be MOST common in young writers?
A) Read a little, write a little, revise a lot
B) Write a lot, revise a little, write a lot
C) Write a little, revise a lot, write a little
D) Write a lot, revise nothing

Accepted Answer

Young writers often focus on producing a large volume of work without revising, as they may not yet have developed the skills or discipline for thorough revision.

Question 5

Which BEST describes a knowledge-telling strategy?
A) Write anything and then check back to find main points.
B) Write down themes first and facts second.
C) Write down anything on the topics as it pops into memory.
D) Decide on key information and write it first.

Accepted Answer

A knowledge-telling strategy involves writing down anything on the topics as it comes to mind, without organizing or filtering information beforehand.

Question 6

In which physical activity would the average 11-year-old prepubescent boy have a distinct advantage over an 11-year-old prepubescent girl?
A) Tumbling
B) Catching a ball
C) Jumping rope
D) Hanging from a bar by their hands

Accepted Answer

Boys typically have greater upper body strength than girls, even before puberty. This would give them an advantage in activities requiring upper body strength, such as hanging from a bar by their hands.

Question 7

Which characteristic is NOT typical of a school that produces high-achieving students?
A) Highly involved parents
B) Effective monitoring of teachers' performance
C) A well-defined goal of academic excellence
D) A heavy emphasis on nonacademic activities

Accepted Answer

A heavy emphasis on nonacademic activities is not typically characteristic of a school that produces high-achieving students. While extracurricular activities are important for a well-rounded education, schools that focus primarily on these at the expense of academic rigor and excellence may not produce high-achieving students in academic subjects.

Question 8

Which statement concerning math and culture is TRUE?
A) American children score near the top on international tests assessing math.
B) Japanese students spend significantly more time in school and have more homework than do children in the United States.
C) American parents tend to set higher academic achievement standards than Asian parents.
D) Japanese parents more likely tend to believe that heredity (not hard work) leads to mathematic success.

Accepted Answer

Japanese students typically have a longer school year and are assigned more homework compared to their American counterparts, reflecting a cultural emphasis on education and academic achievement.

Question 9

Which statement is FALSE with regard to the difference in academic achievement between American and Asian children?
A) Japanese students spend significantly more time in school and spend more of that time on academic content.
B) American students have less homework to do than Japanese students.
C) American parents tend to set higher academic achievement standards than Asian parents.
D) Japanese parents are more likely to believe that hard work leads to academic success.

Accepted Answer

American parents generally set lower academic achievement standards compared to Asian parents, who often emphasize the importance of education and hard work more strongly.

Question 10

Which task would an average elementary school-age girl perform better than an average elementary school-age boy?
A) Jumping over a bar
B) Writing her name in cursive
C) Hanging from the monkey bars
D) Throwing a softball

Accepted Answer

On average, girls develop fine motor skills earlier than boys, which includes tasks like writing, especially in cursive. This is generally attributed to developmental differences in childhood.

Question 11

Which statement about youth sports is TRUE?
A) Participating in sports and cheerleading seems to significantly decrease involvement in delinquent behaviors.
B) When teens find a sport "stressful," they tend to compensate with greater effort.
C) The greatest benefit of involvement is found with coaches who rely heavily on criticism and punishment.
D) Sports involvement can lead to improved self-esteem.

Accepted Answer

Sports involvement can lead to improved self-esteem as it provides opportunities for skill development, social interaction, and personal achievement, which can enhance a young person's confidence and self-worth.

Question 12

Children who are active physically have better health, better self-esteem, and:
A) better achievement in school.
B) better musical abilities.
C) better attention abilities.
D) better caring attitudes toward others.

Accepted Answer

Physical activity in children is linked to improved cognitive function, which can lead to better academic achievement.

Question 13

Which statement concerning sex differences in height at age 11 is MOST accurate?
A) At age 11, females tend to be slightly taller than males.
B) At age 11, females and males are exactly the same size.
C) At age 11, males tend to be slightly taller than females.
D) At age 11, males tend to be significantly taller than females.

Accepted Answer

At age 11, females often experience a growth spurt earlier than males, leading to them being slightly taller on average at this age. This is due to the onset of puberty, which generally occurs earlier in females than in males.

Question 14

Which behavior indicates that Mandy is using a knowledge-transforming strategy when writing her psychology term paper?
A) When she sounds out the letters to words that she does not know how to spell
B) When she begins by writing down any ideas about psychology that pop into her mind
C) When, before she writes anything, she decides that the point of the paper would be to show the differences and similarities between classical conditioning and operant conditioning
D) When she considers how fun it would be to skip the paper and head to the beach

Accepted Answer

A knowledge-transforming strategy involves actively working with the content to achieve a specific goal, such as comparing and contrasting concepts. In this case, deciding the point of the paper to show differences and similarities between classical conditioning and operant conditioning before writing is an example of using such a strategy.

Question 15

Concrete operational thinkers are unable to reverse their thinking.

Accepted Answer

Concrete operational thinkers, typically children aged 7-11, can reverse their thinking, which is a key feature of this cognitive development stage.

Question 16

A good teacher:
A) takes responsibility for what their students learn.
B) does not push for "mastery" of subject matter.
C) will not repeat past material.
D) relies on handouts and not lecturing.

Accepted Answer

A good teacher takes responsibility for what their students learn, ensuring they understand the material and are able to apply it. Choices B, C, and D represent misconceptions or poor teaching practices. A good teacher often pushes for mastery of subject matter, may repeat past material for reinforcement, and uses a variety of teaching methods beyond just handouts.

Question 17

When engaging in deductive reasoning, one draws conclusions from facts.

Accepted Answer

In deductive reasoning, conclusions are logically drawn from given facts or premises, ensuring that if the premises are true, the conclusion must also be true.

Question 18

If Fiona is a typical 6-year-old, she would MOST likely:
A) weigh about 45 pounds and be about 45 inches tall.
B) weigh about 60 pounds and be about 45 inches tall.
C) weigh about 45 pounds and be about 60 inches tall.
D) weigh about 60 pounds and be about 60 inches tall.

Accepted Answer

The average weight and height for a 6-year-old are approximately 45 pounds and 45 inches, respectively, making option A the most accurate representation of a typical 6-year-old's physical characteristics.

Question 19

You are a principal who is interviewing potential teachers for your school. Because your highest priority is student achievement, you should be MOST concerned that the teachers you hire:
A) de-emphasize "hands-on" experience in the classroom.
B) earned high grades in college.
C) have good classroom management skills.
D) discourage the practice of peer tutoring.

Accepted Answer

Good classroom management skills are crucial for creating an environment conducive to learning. Effective classroom management ensures that students are focused, engaged, and on task, which directly impacts their ability to learn and achieve academically.

Question 20

When considering the theme paper his teacher just assigned, Theodore says to himself, "Before I start writing, I need to decide what I am going to write about and come up with a general organizational plan." Given this description, Theodore appears to be using a ____ strategy in planning his theme.
A) componential subtheory
B) knowledge-telling
C) phonological awareness
D) knowledge-transforming

Accepted Answer

Theodore's approach of deciding on a topic and creating an organizational plan before writing reflects the knowledge-transforming strategy. This strategy involves transforming knowledge and ideas in the writer's mind into a structured written form, considering both the content and how it will be communicated to the reader.

Quiz 6: Off to School: Cognitive and Physical Development in Middle Childhood

You are the parent of a normal-size 9-year-old boy. As such, how many calories should you ensure that your child consumes each day so that he maintains a normal rate of development?

One successful program for teaching writing, the Self-Regulated Strategy Development in Writing program, tells students that _____ is a trick that good writers use.

Who would be MOST likely to use a knowledge-telling strategy when working on a school paper?

Which strategy tends to be MOST common in young writers?

Which BEST describes a knowledge-telling strategy?

In which physical activity would the average 11-year-old prepubescent boy have a distinct advantage over an 11-year-old prepubescent girl?

Which characteristic is NOT typical of a school that produces high-achieving students?

Which statement concerning math and culture is TRUE?

Which statement is FALSE with regard to the difference in academic achievement between American and Asian children?

Which task would an average elementary school-age girl perform better than an average elementary school-age boy?

Which statement about youth sports is TRUE?

Children who are active physically have better health, better self-esteem, and:

Which statement concerning sex differences in height at age 11 is MOST accurate?

Which behavior indicates that Mandy is using a knowledge-transforming strategy when writing her psychology term paper?

Concrete operational thinkers are unable to reverse their thinking.

A good teacher:

When engaging in deductive reasoning, one draws conclusions from facts.

If Fiona is a typical 6-year-old, she would MOST likely:

You are a principal who is interviewing potential teachers for your school. Because your highest priority is student achievement, you should be MOST concerned that the teachers you hire:

When considering the theme paper his teacher just assigned, Theodore says to himself, "Before I start writing, I need to decide what I am going to write about and come up with a general organizational plan." Given this description, Theodore appears to be using a ____ strategy in planning his theme.