Question 1

Active immunity occurs after transfer of antibodies from mother to fetus.

Accepted Answer

Active immunity occurs when an individual's immune system produces antibodies in response to an infection or vaccination, not through the transfer of antibodies from another source.

Question 2

Animal cells recognize common types of pathogen molecules and activate the production of antimicrobial peptides.

Accepted Answer

Animal cells have pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that detect pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and trigger immune responses, including the production of antimicrobial peptides.

Question 3

Interleukins activate and direct the movement of white blood cells from the blood to the tissues.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Interleukins activate and direct the movement of...

Question 4

Explain what occurs during the inflammatory response and how it is a protective mechanism.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain what occurs during the inflammatory response...

Question 5

Identify the following as participants in either specific or nonspecific immune responses, and for each provide a one-sentence explanation of its function or role. 
A. macrophages 
B. natural killer cells 
C. memory cells

Accepted Answer

The answer of Identify the following as participants in either...

Question 6

Class II MHC genes encode glycoproteins on the surface of cells that bind with antigen from intracellular pathogens.

Accepted Answer

Class II MHC genes encode glycoproteins that present antigens from extracellular pathogens, not intracellular ones, to helper T cells.

Question 7

Nonspecific cell responses depend on the actions of lymphocytes , natural killer cells, and dendritic cells.

Accepted Answer

Nonspecific cell responses, also known as innate immune responses, primarily depend on cells like macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells, not lymphocytes or natural killer cells, which are part of the specific (adaptive) immune response.

Question 8

Each T cytotoxic cell expresses CD8 and 50,000 identical T cell receptors on its surface.

Accepted Answer

It is true that each T cytotoxic cell expresses CD8 and 50,000 identical T cell receptors on its surface.

Question 9

Match between columns
                        Premises: transferred from mother to fetus
natural exposure
immunization with a vaccine
injection with gamma globulin

Accepted Answer

The Answer of artificially induced active and naturally induced active is...

Question 10

Match between columns
                        Premises: role in maturation of B cells
plays a role in allergic reactions
defends against inhaled and ingested pathogens
prevents viruses and bacteria from attaching to epithelial surfaces
defends against parasitic worms
crosses the placenta to convey passive immunity to the fetus/newborn
first antibody made in the human immune response
make up 75% of circulating antibodies

Accepted Answer

The Answer of IgG and IgM and IgD and IgA is...

Question 11

Cell walls and cytokines of bacteria are examples of the evolution of resistance to the host immune response.

Accepted Answer

Cell walls and cytokines are not examples of bacterial evolution of resistance to the host immune response. Cell walls are structural components of bacteria, and cytokines are signaling proteins produced by cells, particularly in the immune system, not by bacteria. Bacterial resistance to the host immune response typically involves mechanisms like antibiotic resistance genes, biofilm formation, or alterations in surface antigens.

Question 12

Briefly explain why allergies, such as hay fever, are characterized as a hypersensitive immune response.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Briefly explain why allergies, such as hay...

Question 13

Type II interferon inhibits viral replication and activates natural killer cells.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Type II interferon inhibits viral replication and...

Question 14

Select one of the options below and compare and contrast the paired terms: 
A. primary and secondary immune response 
B. passive and active immunity 
C. artificial and natural immunity

Accepted Answer

The answer of Select one of the options below and...

Question 15

Match between columns
                        Premises: Cytotoxic cells
Bone marrow stem cells
B cell
T helper cells
Dendritic cells

Accepted Answer

The Answer of Progenitor of all lymphocytes and CD8 and is...

Question 16

Specific immune responses are also referred to as innate immunity.

Accepted Answer

Specific immune responses are not referred to as innate immunity. Innate immunity refers to the non-specific defenses that the body has against pathogens, while specific immune responses involve the recognition and targeting of specific pathogens by the immune system.

Question 17

Explain why transplanted organs are often rejected by their hosts.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain why transplanted organs are often rejected...

Question 18

Normally, complement proteins are active until the body is exposed to antigen.

Accepted Answer

Complement proteins are constantly present and active in the body, but their activity is regulated and controlled. Upon exposure to an antigen, complement activation may be triggered, leading to a cascade of reactions that can help eliminate the antigen.

Question 19

Describe the differences in function of the five immunoglobulin classes.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the differences in function of the...

Quiz 45: The Immune System Internal Defense