Question 1

A 40-year-old woman has a greater probability of giving birth to a child with Down syndrome than a 25-year-old woman because the 40-year-old woman is more likely to
A) produce a flawed egg due to body aging, leading to chromosomal abnormalities.
B) have eggs that suffer genetic mutations, leading to recessive illnesses.
C) experience more exposure to harmful environmental influences, leading to faulty cell division.
D) fail to produce eggs rapidly enough, leading to eggs that are not fully developed at the time of ovulation.

Accepted Answer

C

Question 2

In whose life have epigenetic processes likely played the most dominant role?
A) 5-year-old Blanca, who is a happy girl with many friends.
B) 20-year-old Tristan, who grew up in a neighborhood of poverty and violence and went on to become a successful architect.
C) 30-year-old Naomi, who is from a wealthy family that has experienced a number of tragedies.
D) 65-year-old Oliver, who has worked hard as a truck driver since he was 19.

Accepted Answer

D

Question 3

The ectoderm develops into
A) muscle and skeleton.
B) nerve tissue and skin.
C) endocrine and respiratory organs.
D) reproductive and excretory organs.

Accepted Answer

The ectoderm is one of the three germ layers in the early embryo that gives rise to the neural tissue and the skin. Therefore, the best choice is B. The other options are incorrect as they are derived from other germ layers.

Question 4

What is a teratogen?
A) A stimulus that results in heightened reflexes in the fetus
B) An abnormality in physiological development
C) A condition resulting from alcohol consumption by the mother during pregnancy
D) Any agent that can harm the zygote, embryo, or fetus

Accepted Answer

A teratogen is any agent or factor that can cause harm to the developing zygote, embryo, fetus, or a child after birth. This can include environmental toxins, viruses, drugs, or other substances that can interfere with normal development and lead to physical or cognitive abnormalities.

Question 5

The study of human development considers changes in behavior
A) due to genetic history.
B) that correlate with growth or maturation.
C) due to experience with one's surroundings.
D) that correlate with environmental factors.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The study of human development considers changes...

Question 6

Which scenario best exemplifies an ecological approach to development?
A) Eileen first walked on her own around the time of her first birthday.
B) Gwen was born at 39 weeks and weighed 8½ pounds.
C) Leo was toilet trained at 20 months, a standard approach for his community.
D) As a newborn, Loren would grasp his father's finger when he placed it in his hand.

Accepted Answer

An ecological approach to development emphasizes the importance of the interaction between individuals and their physical and social environments. Leo being toilet trained at 20 months, a standard approach for his community, exemplifies this by highlighting the role of cultural practices and community standards in development.

Question 7

In the United States, about _____ % of babies are born prematurely or before 37 weeks of pregnancy.
A) 5
B) 12
C) 19
D) 24

Accepted Answer

Approximately 12% of babies in the United States are born prematurely, which means they are born before completing 37 weeks of pregnancy.

Question 8

How can parents positively influence earlier formation and timing of autobiographical memories in children?
A) By encouraging more emotion knowledge
B) By encouraging more general information knowledge
C) By encouraging more collective culture knowledge
D) By modeling the customary roles of children and adults

Accepted Answer

Encouraging more emotion knowledge in children helps them to recognize and understand their own emotions, which can lead to earlier and more detailed autobiographical memories. This can be done by talking to children about their emotions and helping them to identify and label different feelings.

Question 9

A mother's use of alcohol, tobacco, marijuana, or cocaine during pregnancy can significantly reduce
A) the development of the amygdala in her child's brain.
B) the volume of gray matter in her child's brain.
C) the development of the hippocampus in her child's brain.
D) the volume of white matter in her child's brain.

Accepted Answer

A mother's use of alcohol, tobacco, marijuana, or cocaine during pregnancy has been found to significantly reduce the volume of gray matter in her child's brain. Gray matter is responsible for processing information in the brain, and a reduction in its volume can lead to difficulties in cognitive and behavioral functioning.

Question 10

When referring to humans, which of these terms describes a developing organism from 3 weeks to 8 weeks following conception?
A) Embryo
B) Fetus
C) Zygote
D) Ovum

Accepted Answer

During the period from 3 weeks to 8 weeks following conception, a developing human is referred to as an embryo. This stage is characterized by rapid growth and development of the basic structures of the future body.

Question 11

Which of the following is not a common teratogen?
A) SSRI antidepressant medications
B) Alcohol
C) Folic acid
D) HIV infection

Accepted Answer

Folic acid is not a teratogen, but rather a supplement that is recommended for women before and during pregnancy to prevent birth defects in the baby's brain and spine. A teratogen is any substance that can cause malformations or functional abnormalities in a developing fetus, and examples include alcohol, certain medications (such as SSRI antidepressants), and infections like HIV.

Question 12

Development is believed to
A) proceed gradually and smoothly over time.
B) be continuous in some aspects and discontinuous in others.
C) be discontinuous in underlying processes and continuous in their observable aspect.
D) proceed somewhat abruptly from one stage to the next.

Accepted Answer

Development can have both continuous and discontinuous aspects. For example, physical development like height or weight may show continuous growth, while cognitive and social-emotional development may have more discontinuous stages.

Question 13

Which of the following is an accurate statement?
A) Epigenetic tags continue to accumulate in response to ongoing experience throughout the life span.
B) Epigenetic tags are formed in the early life span but deteriorate in old age.
C) Epigenetic tags replace internal signals in driving physical growth after birth.
D) Epigenetic tags only form during prenatal development due to external influences such as the mother's diet.

Accepted Answer

Epigenetic tags continue to accumulate throughout the lifespan in response to ongoing experiences. This allows for the potential for continued adaptation and changes in gene expression based on environmental factors.

Question 14

With regard to developmental themes, your text emphasizes the
A) genetic heritage of individuals.
B) influence of families on behavior.
C) interactions between nature and nurture.
D) environmental influences on development.

Accepted Answer

The text emphasizes the interactions between nature (genetic heritage) and nurture (environmental influences, including families) on development, highlighting how both genetic and environmental factors play crucial roles in shaping an individual's development.

Question 15

Which term describes a developing organism between 8 and approximately 40 weeks following conception in humans?
A) Zygote
B) Ovum
C) Embryo
D) Fetus

Accepted Answer

A developing organism between 8 and approximately 40 weeks following conception in humans is called a fetus. The zygote stage occurs immediately after fertilization, the ovum is the female reproductive cell that is fertilized by the male sperm, and the embryo stage is from conception to 8 weeks of development.

Question 16

Contemporary views of human development focus on age-related changes that occur
A) from infancy to puberty.
B) during childhood and adolescence.
C) until the brain is fully developed.
D) across the entire life span.

Accepted Answer

Contemporary views of human development emphasize that development is a continuous process that occurs across the entire lifespan, from birth to old age, rather than being confined to childhood or any other specific period.

Question 17

During prenatal development the _____ begins to differentiate into the cells of the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm?
A) placenta
B) fetus
C) zygote
D) embryo

Accepted Answer

The answer of During prenatal development the _____ begins to...

Question 18

In humans, zygote is the correct term for a developing organism during which period of time?
A) Between 8 and 40 weeks after conception
B) During the first 2 weeks following conception
C) During the period of greatest growth and maturation
D) Between 3 and 8 weeks following conception

Accepted Answer

Zygote is the term used to describe a developing organism during the first 2 weeks following conception, before it becomes an embryo.

Question 19

During pregnancy, which organ provides the developing fetus with nutrients and oxygen, and protects it from exposure to a variety of toxins and disease-causing agents?
A) Placenta
B) Ovaries
C) Uterus
D) Endoderm

Accepted Answer

The placenta is an organ that develops during pregnancy and is responsible for providing the developing fetus with nutrients and oxygen, as well as protecting it from exposure to toxins and disease-causing agents.

Question 20

Amie continued to drink heavily after work throughout her pregnancy. Her daughter, now 4 years old, has physical abnormalities, including an underdeveloped jaw and thin upper lip, and cognitive and behavioral problems. She most likely has
A) Down syndrome.
B) fetal alcohol syndrome.
C) hydrocephalus.
D) spina bifida.

Accepted Answer

Fetal alcohol syndrome is caused by alcohol exposure during the mother's pregnancy, leading to a range of effects including physical abnormalities, cognitive impairments, and behavioral problems, which matches the description given.

Quiz 11: The Developing Mind Life Span Development

A 40-year-old woman has a greater probability of giving birth to a child with Down syndrome than a 25-year-old woman because the 40-year-old woman is more likely to

In whose life have epigenetic processes likely played the most dominant role?

The ectoderm develops into

What is a teratogen?

The study of human development considers changes in behavior

Which scenario best exemplifies an ecological approach to development?

In the United States, about _____ % of babies are born prematurely or before 37 weeks of pregnancy.

How can parents positively influence earlier formation and timing of autobiographical memories in children?

A mother's use of alcohol, tobacco, marijuana, or cocaine during pregnancy can significantly reduce

When referring to humans, which of these terms describes a developing organism from 3 weeks to 8 weeks following conception?

Which of the following is not a common teratogen?

Development is believed to

Which of the following is an accurate statement?

With regard to developmental themes, your text emphasizes the

Which term describes a developing organism between 8 and approximately 40 weeks following conception in humans?

Contemporary views of human development focus on age-related changes that occur

During prenatal development the _____ begins to differentiate into the cells of the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm?

In humans, zygote is the correct term for a developing organism during which period of time?

During pregnancy, which organ provides the developing fetus with nutrients and oxygen, and protects it from exposure to a variety of toxins and disease-causing agents?

Amie continued to drink heavily after work throughout her pregnancy. Her daughter, now 4 years old, has physical abnormalities, including an underdeveloped jaw and thin upper lip, and cognitive and behavioral problems. She most likely has