Question 1

Prior to the Civil War, separate laws were required of free slaves and free men who turned criminal.

Accepted Answer

Prior to the Civil War, separate laws existed for free slaves and free men who committed crimes. Free slaves faced harsher punishments and fewer legal rights than free men.

Question 2

The legal basis for lex talionis is the desire for revenge.

Accepted Answer

Lex talionis, also known as the law of retaliation, is a principle of justice that seeks to impose a punishment on a wrongdoer that is equal to the harm they have caused. This principle is often based on the desire for revenge, as it seeks to make the wrongdoer suffer in the same way that their victim did.

Question 3

The majority of offenders who had been subjected to transportation were male, skilled, and from the lower classes.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The majority of offenders who had been...

Question 4

The infliction of physical pain upon an offender is called corporal punishment.

Accepted Answer

Corporal punishment refers to any kind of physical punishment inflicted on a person, especially a child, as a means of discipline. This punishment can include spanking, hitting, slapping, or any other type of physical force.

Question 5

The Martinson Report argued that rehabilitation greatly reduced recidivism.

Accepted Answer

The Martinson Report famously concluded that "with few and isolated exceptions," the rehabilitative efforts that had been evaluated at the time had no appreciable effect on recidivism, which was often summarized as "nothing works" in rehabilitation.

Question 6

What effects did the American Civil War have on prisons and offenders? How did these effects influence the industrial prison era?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What effects did the American Civil War...

Question 7

Explain the process that led to the development of crimes being an act in violation of a king or queen's authority.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain the process that led to the...

Question 8

Among early societies, religious offenses were considered less dangerous than secular offenses.

Accepted Answer

Among early societies, religious offenses were often considered more dangerous than secular offenses. This is because they were believed to anger the gods or spirits and bring about calamities such as droughts, famines, and epidemics. Punishments for religious offenses could be severe, including banishment, ostracism, or even death. In contrast, secular offenses may have been more leniently punished, depending on the society's values and systems of justice.

Question 9

Corporal punishment was a common form of state punishment. Provide a definition of corporal punishment. Name at least three forms of corporal punishment and describe their purpose.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Corporal punishment was a common form of...

Question 10

Banishment was the punishment most often used in lieu of capital punishment.

Accepted Answer

Banishment or exile was often used as an alternative to capital punishment in ancient times. Instead of being executed, the convicted person would be forced to leave their home and live in a distant, often inhospitable, location as a form of punishment.

Question 11

Ultimately, the Auburn system was the model that states adopted due to economic advantages over the Pennsylvania system.

Accepted Answer

The Auburn system was more economically advantageous due to its use of congregate workshops, where multiple prisoners could work together, reducing costs and increasing productivity. This led to it being the model that states adopted over the Pennsylvania system, which relied on solitary confinement and had higher costs.

Quiz 1: Early History of Punishment and the Development of Prisons in the United States