Question 1

A particular problem area for girls appears tobe the crime of: ​

Accepted Answer

Assault is a particular problem area for girls, as statistics and studies often show higher rates of involvement in assault (both as victims and perpetrators) compared to other crimes like burglary, murder, or robbery.

Question 2

In ________________  (2010), the Supreme Court held that juveniles whocommit crimes that donot involve murder may not be sentenced tolife in prison without the possibility of parole. ​

Accepted Answer

Graham v. Florida is the case in which the Supreme Court ruled that juveniles who commit crimes that do not involve murder cannot be sentenced to life in prison without the possibility of parole.

Question 3

A juvenile whohas been found tohave engaged in behavior deemed unacceptable for those under a certain statutorily determined age is referred toas a     ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A status offender is a juvenile who has engaged in behavior that is not against the law for adults but is considered unacceptable for minors, such as truancy or running away from home.

Question 4

The " chronic 6 percent " of offenders are responsible for roughly   ____     ____of all crimes and two-thirds of all violent crimes. ​

Accepted Answer

The "chronic 6 percent" of offenders are responsible for roughly one-half of all crimes and two-thirds of all violent crimes, highlighting the disproportionate impact a small fraction of individuals can have on overall crime rates.

Question 5

Drug use has been shown tobe a strong risk factor for which category of juveniles? ​

Accepted Answer

The answer of Drug use has been shown tobe a...

Question 6

By definition,      is a term used toexplain the fact that criminal activity declines with age. ​

Accepted Answer

"Aging out" is the term used to describe the phenomenon where individuals tend to commit fewer crimes as they get older. This concept is widely recognized in criminology, suggesting that criminal behavior decreases with age.

Question 7

In which case did the Supreme Court hold that the Fifth Amendment ' s double jeopardy clause prevents a juvenile from being tried in adult court for a crime that has already been adjudicated in a juvenile court? ​

Accepted Answer

Breed v. Jones is the case where the Supreme Court held that the Fifth Amendment's double jeopardy clause prevents a juvenile from being tried in adult court for a crime that has already been adjudicated in a juvenile court. This decision was based on the principle that subjecting a juvenile to trial in adult court after adjudication in juvenile court constitutes double jeopardy.

Question 8

The ruling in ____________ (1970)required the government toprove "beyond a reasonable doubt" that a juvenile had committed an act of delinquency, raising the burden of proof from a "preponderance of the evidence." ​

Accepted Answer

In re Winship (1970) established the standard that in juvenile delinquency cases, the government must prove the charges beyond a reasonable doubt, aligning the burden of proof with that of adult criminal cases.

Question 9

In ____, the U.S. Supreme Court forbade the execution of offenders whowere under the age of eighteen when they committed their crimes. ​

Accepted Answer

Roper v. Simmons (2005) is the landmark decision in which the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that executing individuals who were under the age of 18 at the time of their crimes violates the Eighth Amendment's prohibition on cruel and unusual punishments.

Question 10

The____is a document filed with a juvenile court alleging that the juvenile is a delinquent or a status offender and asking the court toeither hear the case or transfer it toan adult court. ​

Accepted Answer

The correct term is "petition." This document formally requests the juvenile court to take action regarding a juvenile who is alleged to be a delinquent or a status offender, by either hearing the case itself or transferring it to an adult court.

Question 11

Which Supreme Court case determined that due process rights alsoapplied tochildren? ​

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which Supreme Court case determined that due...

Question 12

Which philosophy allows a police officer todetain a juvenile for his or her own protection, such as when the officer detects a dangerous situation involving family or peers? ​

Accepted Answer

In loco parentis is a Latin phrase meaning "in the place of a parent." It is a legal doctrine that allows a police officer to detain a juvenile for his or her own protection, such as when the officer detects a dangerous situation involving family or peers.

Question 13

What form of child abuse occurs when the child is denied certain necessities such as shelter, food, care, and love? ​

Accepted Answer

Child neglect refers to the failure of a parent or caregiver to provide necessary care, supervision, food, medical attention, education, or emotional nurturing to a child.

Question 14

Which of the following is NoT considered a status offense? ​

Accepted Answer

Drinking and driving is not considered a status offense because it is illegal for individuals of any age, not just for juveniles. Status offenses are actions that are only considered illegal due to the offender's status as a minor, such as truancy, running away from home, and underage smoking.

Question 15

In In re Winship , the Supreme Court required the government toprove     ____that a juvenile had committed an act of delinquency. ​

Accepted Answer

In In re Winship, the Supreme Court ruled that the government must prove delinquency in juvenile court beyond a reasonable doubt, aligning the standard with that of adult criminal court to ensure fairness and due process.

Question 16

The efforts of the child savers culminated with the passage of the                     ____Act in 1899. ​

Accepted Answer

The Illinois Juvenile Court Act of 1899 was a landmark legislation that established the first juvenile court in the United States, in Chicago, Illinois, marking a significant shift in the treatment of juvenile offenders.

Question 17

A juvenile ' s first contact with the juvenile justice system usually comes through a: ​

Accepted Answer

A juvenile's first contact with the juvenile justice system typically comes through interaction with a police officer, either due to alleged involvement in a crime or another situation requiring police intervention.

Question 18

A youth gang is viewed as a group of       or more persons whoself-identify themselves as an entity separate from the community by special clothing, vocabulary, hand signals, and name, and engage in criminal activity. ​

Accepted Answer

A youth gang is typically defined as a group of three or more persons who self-identify as a distinct group with unique identifiers and engage in criminal activities.

Question 19

The infliction of physical or emotional damage on a child without any plausible explanation, such as an accident, is referred toas: ​

Accepted Answer

Child abuse refers to the intentional infliction of physical or emotional harm on a child, often without a plausible explanation like an accident.

Question 20

Which of the following statements is true regarding the historical child-saving movement? ​

Accepted Answer

Child savers were reformers in the late 19th and early 20th centuries who emphasized the need for a separate juvenile justice system that focused on rehabilitation rather than punishment. They believed in treating young offenders to guide them towards productive adulthood, rather than subjecting them to the harsh realities of adult prisons. This approach was rooted in the concept of parens patriae, where the state acts as a benevolent guardian for those unable to care for themselves, including children.

Quiz 13: The Juvenile Justice System

A particular problem area for girls appears tobe the crime of:

In ________________ (2010) , the Supreme Court held that juveniles whocommit crimes that donot involve murder may not be sentenced tolife in prison without the possibility of parole.

A juvenile whohas been found tohave engaged in behavior deemed unacceptable for those under a certain statutorily determined age is referred toas a ____.

The " chronic 6 percent " of offenders are responsible for roughly of all crimes and two-thirds of all violent crimes.

Drug use has been shown tobe a strong risk factor for which category of juveniles?

By definition, is a term used toexplain the fact that criminal activity declines with age.

In which case did the Supreme Court hold that the Fifth Amendment ' s double jeopardy clause prevents a juvenile from being tried in adult court for a crime that has already been adjudicated in a juvenile court?

The ruling in ____________ (1970) required the government toprove "beyond a reasonable doubt" that a juvenile had committed an act of delinquency, raising the burden of proof from a "preponderance of the evidence."

In ____, the U.S. Supreme Court forbade the execution of offenders whowere under the age of eighteen when they committed their crimes.

The____is a document filed with a juvenile court alleging that the juvenile is a delinquent or a status offender and asking the court toeither hear the case or transfer it toan adult court.

Which Supreme Court case determined that due process rights alsoapplied tochildren?

Which philosophy allows a police officer todetain a juvenile for his or her own protection, such as when the officer detects a dangerous situation involving family or peers?

What form of child abuse occurs when the child is denied certain necessities such as shelter, food, care, and love?

Which of the following is NoT considered a status offense?

In In re Winship , the Supreme Court required the government toprove ____that a juvenile had committed an act of delinquency.

The efforts of the child savers culminated with the passage of the ____Act in 1899.

A juvenile ' s first contact with the juvenile justice system usually comes through a:

A youth gang is viewed as a group of or more persons whoself-identify themselves as an entity separate from the community by special clothing, vocabulary, hand signals, and name, and engage in criminal activity.

The infliction of physical or emotional damage on a child without any plausible explanation, such as an accident, is referred toas:

Which of the following statements is true regarding the historical child-saving movement?