Question 1

Match between columns
                        Premises: Corpus leteum
Fe cundity
Infecundity
Puberty
Embryo
Subfertility
Fetus
Fertility
Infertility
Miscarriage
Amenorrhea

Accepted Answer

The Answer of Taking an unusually long time to conceive is...

Question 2

The re gular consumption of which of the following is recommended to improve iron deficiency?

Accepted Answer

Lean meat such as beef, pork, chicken, and turkey are good sources of heme iron, which is easily absorbed by the body and can help improve iron deficiency. Sweet snacks, apricots, eggs, and rice do not contain significant amounts of iron or are not easily absorbed by the body.

Question 3

The risk of early delivery is increased by _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The risk of early delivery is increased...

Question 4

What nutritional and health advice would a doctor likely give to a preconceptional woman?

Accepted Answer

The doctor would advise the woman to consume 400 mcg of folic acid in addition to dietary folate to prevent neural tube defects in the fetus. The other options are not appropriate or accurate advice. The woman's physical activity should be encouraged, dark green vegetables are a good choice but not the only food she should be eating, at least half of her grain intake should be from whole grains, and excessive vitamin A intake can be harmful to the fetus.

Question 5

Which statement correctly describes preconception health care?

Accepted Answer

Preconception health care may include topics such as vaccinations, weight status, and dietary intake. It is not limited to the health and nutrition status of females only, it can also address the psychological needs of both partners. It is concerned with fetal health and development as well. While preconception health care may provide advice about contraceptives, this is not its primary focus.

Question 6

Describe the sources of disruption s in fertility in males and females.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the sources of disruption s in...

Question 7

A woman would likely be advised to switch from a progestin-only hormonal contraceptive to a combination hormonal contraceptive because of _____.

Accepted Answer

Progestin-only contraceptives can sometimes lead to weight gain, and switching to a combination hormonal contraceptive may help manage this side effect.

Question 8

Women taking oral contraceptive pills are cautioned against _____.

Accepted Answer

Women who take oral contraceptive pills are at an increased risk of developing blood clots, and smoking further increases this risk. Smoking and taking oral contraceptives together can increase the risk of heart disease, stroke, and blood clots.

Question 9

Refined grain products are often fortified with _____ to decrease rates of _____.

Accepted Answer

Refined grain products are often fortified with folic acid to decrease rates of neural tube defects in fetuses. Iron, iodine, and vitamin B are also commonly added to some refined grain products, but they do not directly decrease rates of neural tube defects in the same way that folic acid does.

Question 10

The development of facial and heart abnormalities in the fetus has been linked to _____ by the mother.

Accepted Answer

Excessive vitamin A intake by the mother has been linked to the development of facial and heart abnormalities in the fetus. It is recommended that pregnant women do not consume excessive amounts of vitamin A, typically found in supplements and animal liver, to prevent these birth defects.

Question 11

Which of the following is an antioxidant?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin E is a well-known antioxidant that helps to protect cells from damage caused by free radicals. It works by neutralizing these unstable molecules and preventing them from causing harm to our cells. Vitamins B, iron, magnesium, and glycol do not have antioxidant properties.

Question 12

_____ is a pea-sized gland located at the base of the brain.

Accepted Answer

The pituitary gland is a pea-sized gland located at the base of the brain. The hypothalamus is another gland located in the brain, but it is not pea-sized and not located at the base of the brain. The clitoris is a female sexual organ, and the testes and epididymis are male reproductive organs, none of which are located in the brain.

Question 13

Combination hormonal contraceptives are least likely to be associated with _____.

Accepted Answer

Combination hormonal contraceptives are least likely to be associated with weight gain. While some users may experience weight changes, it is not a consistent or significant side effect compared to the other options listed, which are more directly linked to hormonal changes caused by these contraceptives.

Question 14

Which of the following glands secretes hormones?

Accepted Answer

The ovary is the only option among the given choices that secretes hormones. It secretes estrogen and progesterone, which regulate the menstrual cycle and play crucial roles in female reproduction. The other glandular options listed, such as the seminal vesicle and bulbourethral gland, secrete components of semen but do not secrete hormones. The epididymis and oviduct are not glands and do not secrete anything directly.

Question 15

Spina bifida is an example of a _____.

Accepted Answer

Spina bifida is a type of neural tube defect, which occurs due to incomplete closing of the neural tube during fetal development. It is not caused by DNA modification, gene variant, nutritional deficiency or metabolic programming mechanism.

Question 16

In a study done in California, women who received WIC services through to a subsequent pregnancy had  _____ than women who received WIC services only during their first pregnancy.

Accepted Answer

The study found that women who received WIC services through to a subsequent pregnancy had newborns with higher birth weights compared to women who only received WIC services during their first pregnancy.

Question 17

Contraceptives may contain _____.

Accepted Answer

Contraceptives may contain progestin only or a combination of estradiol and progestin. This is because both progestin and estradiol can prevent pregnancy by inhibiting ovulation and thickening cervical mucus. Luteinizing hormone is not typically included in contraceptives as it initiates ovulation.

Question 18

DNA methylation _____.

Accepted Answer

DNA methylation is a process that adds a methyl group to DNA, often at cytosine residues, and plays a critical role in cellular differentiation. It is necessary for the selective expression of certain genes in different cell types during development.

Question 19

In a study conducted in Vietnam, the offspring of women given multivitamin supplements before conception were less likely to be stunted and had better fine motor skills at age 2 than women who received only _____ supplements.

Accepted Answer

The study conducted in Vietnam suggests that multivitamin supplements given to women before conception have a positive impact on the growth and development of their offspring. Of the options given, only folic acid is commonly included in multivitamin supplements and has been shown to improve fetal growth and neurodevelopment. Iron supplements are typically recommended during pregnancy to prevent anemia, but do not have the same benefits as folic acid for growth and development. Zinc, retinoic acid, and iodine are also important nutrients for fetal development, but are not typically included in multivitamin supplements.

Question 20

The National Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics has developed a set of standards called _____ to serve as guidelines for the delivery of nutrition services.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The National Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics...

Quiz 2: Preconception Nutrition

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