Question 1

The fiber recommendation for the older adult population is 7 to 14 grams per day.

Accepted Answer

The fiber recommendation for the older adult population is actually higher, at 21 to 30 grams per day.

Question 2

The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that infants receive breastfeeding exclusively for the first 12 months.

Accepted Answer

The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that infants be exclusively breastfed for about the first 6 months, with continuation of breastfeeding for 1 year or longer as mutually desired by mother and infant.

Question 3

After the age of one, a child's growth rate slows up.

Accepted Answer

This is true. After the age of one, a child's growth rate slows down compared to the first year of life when they experience rapid growth.

Question 4

Adults age 65 years and older typically have lower quality diets compared to younger and middle-aged adults.

Accepted Answer

Adults age 65 years and older often have better or higher quality diets compared to younger and middle-aged adults, as they tend to consume more nutrient-dense foods and may have dietary patterns influenced by health concerns or more attention to dietary guidelines.

Question 5

In proportion to size, babies need more than twice as much of many nutrients when compared to adults.

Accepted Answer

This is true as babies require a higher amount of nutrients relative to their body weight for growth and development. For example, infants need more than twice the amount of calcium and vitamin D compared to adults on a per pound basis.

Question 6

Alterations in taste and smell sensitivities may result in changes of food preferences during pregnancy.

Accepted Answer

During pregnancy, hormonal changes may alter taste and smell sensitivities, which can lead to changes in food preferences. Pregnant women may develop aversions to foods they previously enjoyed or crave foods they previously did not like.

Question 7

The prevalence of iron-deficiency anemia is higher in non-Hispanic black and non-Hispanic white children compared to Mexican-American children.

Accepted Answer

The prevalence of iron-deficiency anemia is generally higher in Mexican-American children compared to non-Hispanic black and non-Hispanic white children.

Question 8

Breast milk contains powerful agents that protect against bacterial infection.

Accepted Answer

Breast milk contains antibodies, enzymes, and white blood cells that help protect the baby against bacterial infections. It also contains prebiotics that promote the growth of healthy bacteria in the baby's gut, helping to prevent harmful bacteria from taking hold.

Question 9

The Institute of Medicine's Committee on Accelerating Progress in Obesity Prevention recommends making schools a national focus point for obesity.

Accepted Answer

The Institute of Medicine's Committee on Accelerating Progress in Obesity Prevention recommends making schools a national focus point for obesity prevention.

Question 10

Childhood obesity and hypertension are linked to the development of atherosclerosis and heart disease in adulthood.

Accepted Answer

Childhood obesity and hypertension are risk factors for the development of atherosclerosis and heart disease in adulthood. These conditions can cause damage to the walls of blood vessels, leading to plaque buildup and narrowing of the arteries, which can increase the risk of heart attacks and strokes. Early intervention and prevention of these risk factors can help reduce the risk of future cardiovascular disease.

Question 11

The rates and patterns of growth in teens should be compared to their peers' growth to measure adequacy.

Accepted Answer

Growth rates and patterns in teens should be compared to standardized growth charts or developmental milestones rather than directly to their peers, as individual growth can vary widely due to genetics, nutrition, and health.

Question 12

Effective obesity interventions for children tend to include a decrease in the amount of "screen time".

Accepted Answer

Numerous studies have shown that reducing screen time is an effective intervention for reducing childhood obesity. This is because screen time often involves sitting still for prolonged periods and consuming high-calorie snacks, which can contribute to weight gain. By decreasing screen time and encouraging physical activity, children can achieve a healthier weight.

Question 13

Low weight gain during pregnancy is associated with increased risk of having a low-birthweight baby.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that low weight gain during pregnancy is associated with increased risk of having a low-birthweight baby. Adequate weight gain during pregnancy is important for the healthy growth and development of the fetus. However, excessive weight gain can also increase the risk of complications during pregnancy, such as gestational diabetes and hypertension. It is important to consult with a healthcare provider to determine the appropriate amount of weight gain during pregnancy based on individual factors.

Question 14

Television viewing has been shown to be a contributing factor in childhood obesity.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that children who spend more time watching TV have higher rates of obesity due to sedentary behavior and exposure to food advertisements.

Question 15

During pregnancy, absorption of both calcium and iron decreases dramatically.

Accepted Answer

During pregnancy, the absorption of calcium increases to meet the demands of the developing fetus, while iron absorption also increases due to the increased need for hemoglobin production and to compensate for blood loss during childbirth.

Question 16

A pregnant woman's nutrient needs are higher than usual, but her energy needs are not increased during the first trimester.

Accepted Answer

During the first trimester, a pregnant woman's energy needs do not increase significantly. However, her nutrient needs, including folic acid, iron, and calcium, are higher than usual to support the growth and development of the fetus. Energy needs do increase in the second and third trimesters, but not significantly, with an average increase of about 350-450 extra calories per day during this time.

Question 17

Improved life expectancy has resulted from better prenatal and postnatal care and more effective means of combating disease in older adults.

Accepted Answer

Improved access to healthcare and medical advancements have contributed to increased life expectancy by reducing infant mortality rates and providing better treatment for chronic illnesses in older adults.

Question 18

Schools participating in the National School Lunch and/or School Breakfast programs are required to develop a school wellness policy to promote a healthy lifestyle in their students.

Accepted Answer

This is a requirement set forth by the Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act of 2010. Schools must have a wellness policy that addresses nutrition and physical activity for students in order to participate in the National School Lunch and/or School Breakfast programs.

Question 19

Cow's milk is considered to be a suitable form of nutrition after an infant is 1-year old.

Accepted Answer

Cow's milk is generally not recommended for infants under 1 year due to its lack of essential nutrients critical for early development and potential for causing intestinal bleeding. After 1 year, it's considered suitable as part of a balanced diet.

Question 20

Most doctors recommend that pregnant women take a prenatal vitamin and mineral supplement every day in addition to eating a healthy diet.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Most doctors recommend that pregnant women take...

Quiz 12: The Life Cycle: Conception Through the Later Yearsspotlight: Addressing Weight Problems in Children and Adolescents