Question 1

Expansion was attractive to the centralizing monarchical state because

Accepted Answer

All of the above options are valid reasons why expansion was attractive to the centralizing monarchical state. By establishing control overseas, monarchs could extend their power and influence, as well as compete with rival states. Additionally, the acquisition of gold and silver from abroad could be used to finance royal government at home, and wealth and commerce from expansion could fund wars against rival dynasties abroad.

Question 2

Which of the following is a match?

Accepted Answer

E

Question 3

The Portuguese created a commercial empire in the fifteenth century that included all of the following products EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

While the Portuguese did engage in the trade of tobacco, it was not a major product in their commercial empire. The other products listed (sugar, cloth, slaves, gold) were all significant commodities in their trade network.

Question 4

Among the motives for Portuguese expansion into Africa was

Accepted Answer

All of the options listed were motivations for Portuguese expansion into Africa. The Portuguese sought both material wealth, such as gold, and spiritual wealth, with the expansion of Christianity being a key goal. The quest for Prester John, a legendary Christian king believed to be in Africa, was also a driving force behind Portuguese exploration. Additionally, the Portuguese saw themselves as potential allies in the fight against Islam, which further fueled their desire to expand into African territories.

Question 5

European naval superiority was first demonstrated by the major Portuguese victor over a Muslim fleet off the coast of

Accepted Answer

The Portuguese established their naval superiority with their victory over the Ottoman Muslim fleet off the coast of India at the Battle of Diu in 1509.

Question 6

Within ten years of Columbus's arrival in the New World, the Portuguese had explored as far as

Accepted Answer

Within ten years of Columbus's arrival in the New World, the Portuguese had explored all the way to India via the Cape of Good Hope.

Question 7

A key technological development that facilitated Western overseas expansion was the

Accepted Answer

The development of the great-gunned sailing ship, such as the caravel and galleon, allowed Western explorers to sail further and faster, and also enabled them to carry heavier goods and armaments. These ships were crucial in the Age of Exploration and helped Western powers establish colonial empires around the world.

Question 8

The use of gunpowder in Europe

Accepted Answer

Gunpowder was initially brought to Europe through trade with China, and its use was initially focused on breaking down fortifications. However, as handheld firearms became more widespread, the use of gunpowder became increasingly common and sophisticated, particularly due to the frequent and protracted wars of the time. Therefore, all of the options provided are correct.

Question 9

Encomiendas were

Accepted Answer

Encomiendas were royal grants of authority given to Spanish colonizers over Native American communities. These grants allowed encomenderos to collect tribute and labor from Native Americans in exchange for providing them with protection and "spiritual guidance."

Question 10

The conquering ethos of the hidalgos class was evident in

Accepted Answer

All of the above options demonstrate the conquering ethos of the hidalgo class. The defeat of Granada in 1492 by the Catholic monarchs was a significant military triumph for the Spanish and marked the end of the Islamic presence in Spain. The expulsion of the Jews from Spain in the same year was a ruthless act of religious and ethnic cleansing. The conquest of large parts of the Americas by the Spanish involved brutal warfare, subjugation of native peoples, and the extraction of resources for the benefit of Spain. The activities of Cortés and Pizarro illustrate the ruthless and rapacious methods used by the Spanish conquistadors in America.

Question 11

By 1750 the model Christian in northwestern Europe was

Accepted Answer

The answer of By 1750 the model Christian in northwestern...

Question 12

Prince Henry the Navigator

Accepted Answer

The answer of Prince Henry the Navigator
...

Question 13

The text states that early modern Europe was comparable to an underdeveloped country today in that

Accepted Answer

The text states that early modern Europe had "a wide gap between a small, wealthy elite and the general population, which was quite poor." This characteristic is comparable to underdeveloped countries today where there is also a large wealth gap between the elite and the general population.

Question 14

A major obstacle for increased profit in medieval European trade with the Far East was

Accepted Answer

Venetian and Muslim middlemen controlled much of the trade routes between medieval Europe and the Far East, making it difficult for European merchants to conduct direct trade with Asia. These middlemen often charged high prices for their services, reducing the profit margins for European merchants.

Question 15

In addition to a desire to expand abroad, Europe overseas expansion was made possible by

Accepted Answer

One of the main reasons for Europe's successful overseas expansion was their technological superiority over other civilizations, including Muslim and Eastern civilizations. This superiority gave Europeans an advantage in areas such as navigation, shipbuilding, and weaponry. The other options (B, C, and D) do not accurately explain why Europe was able to expand overseas.

Question 16

Portugal was particularly well-suited for overseas expansion for all the following reasons EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

The fact that Portugal had a large nobility looking for new lands to conquer is not a reason that particularly suited Portugal for overseas expansion, as it could have applied to many other countries as well. The other options (A, C, D, and E) are all valid reasons that made Portugal well-suited for overseas expansion.

Question 17

The first new areas settled by the Portuguese in the fifteenth century were

Accepted Answer

Madeira, the Canary Islands, and the Azores were the first new areas settled by the Portuguese in the fifteenth century.

Question 18

The most important factor in the Spanish conquest of Mexico and Peru was

Accepted Answer

The answer of The most important factor in the Spanish...

Question 19

Between 1450 to 1750, Western Europe entered a period of economic expansion that

Accepted Answer

Between 1450 to 1750, Western Europe experienced the Commercial Revolution which greatly expanded and transformed its economy. This period saw the growth of industries, the rise of merchant class, innovations in agriculture, and increased trade with other regions. It was a period of economic growth that resumed the growth pattern of the High Middle Ages and transformed it.

Question 20

Genoese trade with the Near East suffered as the result of the expansion of

Accepted Answer

The expansion of the Ottoman Empire in the Near East directly impacted Genoese trade by restricting their access to lucrative markets and trading routes. The Ottomans took control of key ports and trade centers, leaving Genoa with fewer options for trade and profits.

Quiz 15: European Expansion Economic and Social Transformations