In 1994, the Department of Justice (DOJ) and the Federal

In 1994, the Department of Justice (DOJ) and the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) revised their 1993 healthcare-specific antitrust guidelines to include analytical principles relating to multiprovider networks. Under the new guidelines, the regulatory agencies will use the rule of reason to analyze joint pricing activities by competitors in physician or multiprovider networks only if

A) Provider integration under the network is likely to produce significant efficiencies that benefit consumers
B) The providers in a network share substantial financial risk
C) The combining of providers into a joint venture enables the providers to offer a new product
D) All of the above