Antacids act by functioning chemically as weak Brønsted-Lowry bases that neutralize excess stomach acid. Equations 1 and 2 describe the chemical behavior of the antacid sodium bicarbonate with stomach acid (HCl).NaHCO₃(aq) + HCl(aq) → H₂CO₃(aq) + NaCl(aq)Equation 1H₂CO₃(aq) → CO₂(g) + H₂O(l)Equation 2In Equation 1, carbonic acid (H₂CO₃) and sodium chloride form during a:

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11ecba2d_11c3_0231_a3bf_e3e2666372d0_MD0008_00 Chemical reactions can be categorized broadly into five main types: combination, decomposition, single replacement, double replacement, and combustion. Double replacement reactions involve an exchange of constituent bonding partners between two reacting compounds and result in the formation of two new product compounds. For double replacement reactions between two ionic species, the cations (or anions) of the two compounds simply exchange counter ions, and these exchanges frequently result in the formation of a new insoluble product (seen as a precipitate). Equation 1 is a double replacement reaction because the bicarbonate anion (HCO₃⁻) exchanges the sodium counter ion for an acidic proton from hydrochloric acid (forming carbonic acid, H₂CO₃), and the hydrochloric acid exchanges the acidic proton for the sodium ion (forming sodium chloride, NaCl). (Choice A) Single replacement reactions involve the reaction of a compound with a free element (a substance in its elemental form that is not bonded with other types of atoms) and the formation of a new compound and a new element as the products. None of the chemical species in Equation 1 are free elements. (Choice C) Combination reactions follow the pattern of two or more chemical species reacting to combine and form one product species. Equation 1 has two products, and therefore does not follow this pattern. (Choice D) Decomposition reactions follow the pattern of one reactant species breaking down into two or more product species (the opposite pattern of combination reactions). Equation 2 is a decomposition reaction, but Equation 1 does not follow this pattern. Educational objective: Chemical reactions can be categorized broadly into five main types: combination, decomposition, single replacement, double replacement, and combustion. Double replacement reactions involve the exchange of the bonding partners of two reactant compounds, forming two new product compounds.

Antacids Act by Functioning Chemically as Weak Brønsted-Lowry Bases That