A 57-year-old man with acute ipsilateral headache and right-sided eye discomfort visits the emergency room. The patient also describes having extreme nausea and seeing "halos" surrounding everything. His discomfort is less intense following first therapy with the proper medicines. He also has increased diuresis and urine that is quite alkaline. Which of the following nephron segments is most frequently affected by the medication used to treat this patient's eye condition?

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Eductional Objective: The proximal tubule contains large amounts of carbonic anhydrase, which is in charge of catalyzing the processes required for NaHCO₃ reabsorption. The diuretic acetazolamide acts by preventing carbonic anhydrase, which limits NaHCO₃ and water reabsorption in the proximal tubules and causes urinary bicarbonate waste. In patients with open-angle and angle-closure glaucoma, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors are also utilized to reduce intraocular pressure.

A 57-Year-Old Man with Acute Ipsilateral Headache and Right-Sided Eye