Question 1

Facilitated communication is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Facilitated communication is a controversial technique that was widely promoted as a way to help individuals with autism communicate. However, subsequent research has shown that it does not work as claimed, and in many cases, the facilitator is the one actually doing the communicating. This serves as an example of the importance of thorough research before a new technique or therapy is widely adopted.

Question 2

The type of research that was used to investigate facilitated communication after it gained popularity was:

Accepted Answer

Double-blind studies were used to investigate facilitated communication after it gained popularity. This method was chosen to eliminate bias and ensure that the outcomes were not influenced by the expectations of the facilitators or the researchers.

Question 3

Based on the classic study of aggression in childhood (where some children observed an adult playing aggressively with a Bobo doll), what did Dr.Albert Bandura discover about children's aggression?

Accepted Answer

Bandura's study found that children who observed an adult acting aggressively towards a Bobo doll were more likely to also act aggressively towards the doll, compared to children who did not observe the aggressive behavior.

Question 4

The most salient strength of using an experimental design is:

Accepted Answer

Experimental designs allow researchers to manipulate variables and control conditions to establish cause-and-effect relationships.

Question 5

The researcher manipulates the ___________variable (such as proving a new therapy) and then measures the___________variable (such as psychological symptoms).

Accepted Answer

In experimental research, the independent variable is the one that is manipulated or changed by the researcher (e.g., a new therapy), and the dependent variable is the outcome that is measured (e.g., psychological symptoms).

Question 6

Random assignment is used in which type of research methodology?

Accepted Answer

Random assignment is a technique primarily used in experimental research to assign participants to different groups in a study (e.g., experimental vs. control groups) in a way that each participant has an equal chance of being assigned to any group. This method helps ensure that any differences observed between groups can be attributed to the manipulation of the independent variable rather than pre-existing differences between participants.

Question 7

Dr.Eager wishes to study the effectiveness of a new type of child therapy.With parent and child permission, he randomly assigns children half the children to receive the new treatment and half of the children to receive the standard treatment.He then measures emotional/behavioral problems before and after the 10-week treatment.In this scenario, the treatment is the:

Accepted Answer

The treatment is the independent variable because it is the factor that Dr. Eager is manipulating to observe its effect on the children's emotional/behavioral problems.

Question 8

What is the primary reason a researcher might not use the experimental research design?

Accepted Answer

The primary reason a researcher might not use the experimental research design is that many topics cannot be explored ethically with this design. For instance, it would be unethical to expose participants to harmful conditions or stressors intentionally to observe their effects.

Question 9

The quasi-experimental design is used most often when:

Accepted Answer

Quasi-experimental designs are often used when random assignment to groups is not possible, allowing researchers to investigate the effects of interventions without the need for randomization.

Question 10

When researchers compare groups that already exist, they are using the:

Accepted Answer

Quasi-experimental designs are used when researchers compare pre-existing groups, rather than randomly assigning participants to groups as in true experiments. This design allows for comparison and analysis of data between groups without manipulation of independent variables.

Question 11

The research study that compared homeless adolescents with adolescents who were from similar neighborhoods but who had a home found that:

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is C because it acknowledges that while there are differences between homeless adolescents and those who are housed in some areas (such as higher rates of emotional/behavior problems among homeless adolescents), there are also areas where no significant differences are found (such as levels of depression or substance use disorder), indicating a nuanced view of the impacts of homelessness on adolescent psychopathology.

Question 12

The survey method is usually used within the context of:

Accepted Answer

Surveys are typically used in correlational designs to gather data on variables to determine if there is a relationship between them. They are not inherently manipulative of variables, as in experimental designs, nor do they follow subjects over time like longitudinal research, and they are not quasi-experimental as they do not involve the manipulation of an independent variable.

Question 13

Dr.Funding is interested in exploring how self-esteem relates to emotional/behavioral problems in young adolescents.Her research design is most likely:

Accepted Answer

Dr. Funding's interest in exploring the relationship between self-esteem and emotional/behavioral problems in young adolescents suggests a correlational research design. This design is used to determine the relationship or association between two variables without manipulating them, which fits the description of her research interest.

Question 14

Researchers who wish to study rare behaviors (such as selective mutism) that have not been studied extensively are most likely to use what research design?

Accepted Answer

Case studies are particularly useful for studying rare behaviors or conditions because they allow researchers to gather detailed information about individual cases that might not be possible to obtain through other research designs. This approach is especially valuable when the behavior or condition has not been extensively studied, as it can provide in-depth insights and form the basis for further research.

Question 15

The research design in which researchers first collect baseline data, then administer some type of intervention, then collect baseline data, then administer an intervention again is known as the:

Accepted Answer

The A-B-A-B design, also known as the reversal design, involves collecting baseline data (A), introducing an intervention (B), reverting to baseline (A), and then reintroducing the intervention (B). This allows researchers to assess the effects of the intervention on behavior or conditions by comparing phases.

Question 16

Dr.Empathy is interested in studying children who have a depressed father or a depressed mother.He is most likely using a(n):

Accepted Answer

High-risk design is used to study individuals who have a higher-than-average chance of developing certain disorders or problems, such as children with a depressed parent. This approach allows researchers to identify factors that may contribute to the development of the disorder.

Question 17

Researchers who wish to study children in a disadvantaged situation (such as poverty, family conflict, abuse) are most likely to use a(n):

Accepted Answer

High-risk designs are specifically tailored to study populations that are at a greater risk of developing certain conditions or behaviors, such as children in disadvantaged situations. This approach allows researchers to focus on the specific factors and outcomes relevant to these high-risk groups.

Question 18

Twin studies and adoption studies are used in what type of research?

Accepted Answer

Twin and adoption studies are fundamental in behavioral genetics research, as they help to disentangle the relative contributions of genetics and environment to individual differences in behavior and traits.

Question 19

When data are gathered at only one point in time, the research is known as:

Accepted Answer

Cross-sectional research involves collecting data at a single point in time to analyze and make inferences about a population at that specific moment. This contrasts with longitudinal studies, which collect data over an extended period to observe changes and developments.

Question 20

Dr.Ambitious wishes to study changes in aggression over time.She recruits a sample of 4-year olds and their parents and then measures aggression each year for five years.The time-frame of this research design is known as:

Accepted Answer

This is an example of prospective longitudinal research because it involves following the same group of individuals (in this case, 4-year-olds and their parents) over a period of time and measuring changes in a particular variable (aggression) at multiple points in time.

Quiz 3: Research Methods in the Study of Developmental Psychopathology

Facilitated communication is an example of:

The type of research that was used to investigate facilitated communication after it gained popularity was:

Based on the classic study of aggression in childhood (where some children observed an adult playing aggressively with a Bobo doll) , what did Dr.Albert Bandura discover about children's aggression?

The most salient strength of using an experimental design is:

The researcher manipulates the _variable (such as proving a new therapy) and then measures the_variable (such as psychological symptoms) .

Random assignment is used in which type of research methodology?

What is the primary reason a researcher might not use the experimental research design?

The quasi-experimental design is used most often when:

When researchers compare groups that already exist, they are using the:

The research study that compared homeless adolescents with adolescents who were from similar neighborhoods but who had a home found that:

The survey method is usually used within the context of:

Dr.Funding is interested in exploring how self-esteem relates to emotional/behavioral problems in young adolescents.Her research design is most likely:

Researchers who wish to study rare behaviors (such as selective mutism) that have not been studied extensively are most likely to use what research design?

The research design in which researchers first collect baseline data, then administer some type of intervention, then collect baseline data, then administer an intervention again is known as the:

Dr.Empathy is interested in studying children who have a depressed father or a depressed mother.He is most likely using a(n) :

Researchers who wish to study children in a disadvantaged situation (such as poverty, family conflict, abuse) are most likely to use a(n) :

Twin studies and adoption studies are used in what type of research?

When data are gathered at only one point in time, the research is known as:

Dr.Ambitious wishes to study changes in aggression over time.She recruits a sample of 4-year olds and their parents and then measures aggression each year for five years.The time-frame of this research design is known as:

Quiz 3: Research Methods in the Study of Developmental Psychopathology

Facilitated communication is an example of:

The type of research that was used to investigate facilitated communication after it gained popularity was:

Based on the classic study of aggression in childhood (where some children observed an adult playing aggressively with a Bobo doll) , what did Dr.Albert Bandura discover about children's aggression?

The most salient strength of using an experimental design is:

The researcher manipulates the ___________variable (such as proving a new therapy) and then measures the___________variable (such as psychological symptoms) .

Random assignment is used in which type of research methodology?

What is the primary reason a researcher might not use the experimental research design?

The quasi-experimental design is used most often when:

When researchers compare groups that already exist, they are using the:

The research study that compared homeless adolescents with adolescents who were from similar neighborhoods but who had a home found that:

The survey method is usually used within the context of:

Dr.Funding is interested in exploring how self-esteem relates to emotional/behavioral problems in young adolescents.Her research design is most likely:

Researchers who wish to study rare behaviors (such as selective mutism) that have not been studied extensively are most likely to use what research design?

The research design in which researchers first collect baseline data, then administer some type of intervention, then collect baseline data, then administer an intervention again is known as the:

Dr.Empathy is interested in studying children who have a depressed father or a depressed mother.He is most likely using a(n) :

Researchers who wish to study children in a disadvantaged situation (such as poverty, family conflict, abuse) are most likely to use a(n) :

Twin studies and adoption studies are used in what type of research?

When data are gathered at only one point in time, the research is known as:

Dr.Ambitious wishes to study changes in aggression over time.She recruits a sample of 4-year olds and their parents and then measures aggression each year for five years.The time-frame of this research design is known as:

The researcher manipulates the _variable (such as proving a new therapy) and then measures the_variable (such as psychological symptoms) .