Question 1

The strongest social influence on children's gender development appears to be the child's

Accepted Answer

Parents are the most influential social factor in children's gender development. They provide children with their first and most consistent exposure to gender roles and expectations.

Question 2

Parents might try to influence a young boy to develop masculine behavior by doing all of the following except

Accepted Answer

Allowing him to play with dolls does not align with traditional masculine behavior reinforcement, as dolls are often associated with feminine play.

Question 3

Excluding other influences, which child would likely display the most masculine behavior?

Accepted Answer

A boy with an older brother is likely to display the most masculine behavior due to the influence and modeling of the older brother's behavior.

Question 4

A family has two children. The parents give the boy a computer and Lego sets. They give the girl dolls and a dollhouse. This suggests that the parents are attempting to reinforce gender stereotypes using which process?

Accepted Answer

Socialization is the process by which individuals learn and internalize the values, beliefs, and norms of their culture, often including gender roles and stereotypes.

Question 5

A family provides their son with male-oriented toys and uses techniques such as language, advice, and rewards and punishments to ensure that the boy behaves in a "masculine" way. The boy has an unhappy childhood and grows up to be transgender. What does this scenario suggest about the process of gender identification?

Accepted Answer

Socialization is not the only influence on gender identity, as the boy's experience suggests that inherent aspects of gender identity can differ from socially imposed expectations.

Question 6

Fewer girls than boys enter careers in STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics). Studies show that girls have low self-esteem in their ability to be successful in STEM careers and that parents and teachers reinforce this low self-esteem by encouraging girls less, evaluating them differently than boys, and giving them lower recommendations. Based on studies of gender development, these findings suggest that

Accepted Answer

More girls would likely enter STEM careers if they received encouragement from parents and teachers, as the studies suggest that the issue is related to social factors like encouragement and evaluation rather than inherent ability.

Question 7

Research has shown that the effect of gender socialization may be bidirectional, with society sometimes pulling the same person in opposite directions. Which situation is an example of these contrasting effects?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Research has shown that the effect of...

Question 8

Which of these situations is not an example of a child learning gender differences by imitation?

Accepted Answer

This situation involves language structure influencing gender awareness, not imitation.

Question 9

Parents who wanted to limit gender stereotyping in their female child's development would most likely use which strategy?

Accepted Answer

Providing a variety of toys, including those favored by both boys and girls, as well as gender-neutral toys, allows the child to explore interests without being confined to gender stereotypes.

Question 10

A young heterosexual couple kisses, and then the man tries to remove the woman's clothing. She resists but does not say anything. He continues, assuming she "wants it" but is just shy or being a "tease." In this situation, which statement about sexual scripts is most likely correct?

Accepted Answer

The man and woman are following different, incompatible sexual scripts. The woman's resistance indicates she does not consent, while the man's assumption that she "wants it" reflects a misunderstanding or disregard for her cues, highlighting a clash in their expectations and interpretations of the situation.

Question 11

A transgender woman in Thailand, known as a kathoey, would be most likely to be accepted in which job?

Accepted Answer

Kathoeys in Thailand are often accepted in entertainment roles, such as singers or performers, due to cultural acceptance in these fields.

Question 12

An individual is born and grows up as a boy, and is sexually attracted to women. As a young man, he becomes aroused by wearing women's clothes and eventually decides that he wants to become a woman. After marriage and children, undergoes sex transitioning. This individual could best be described as a(an)

Accepted Answer

The individual is best described as an autogynephilic trans woman, as they experience arousal from dressing as a woman and later transition to living as a woman.

Question 13

A girl has been gender-dysphoric for several years, but as she reaches puberty, she begins to question her desire to transition to a male. Her parents are debating whether to give her puberty blockers. Which would be the strongest reason in favor of using puberty blockers?

Accepted Answer

Puberty blockers can delay the physical changes of puberty, giving the individual more time to explore their gender identity without the added pressure of developing secondary sexual characteristics that may not align with their gender identity.

Question 14

In surveys of parents with children with rapid-onset gender dysphoria (ROGD), the parents cited causative factors including prior mental health disorders and strong influence from social media. Given the current status of research on ROGD, a concerned parent in dealing with an ROGD child, might be advised to employ

Accepted Answer

Research on ROGD is still controversial and not well-established, so strict adherence to either the watchful waiting or gender-affirmative model may not be appropriate. A balanced, individualized approach considering the child's unique circumstances and needs is often recommended.

Question 15

A transexual woman has recently transitioned and is living among women who are unaware that she was once a man. It is least likely that this woman will

Accepted Answer

Transsexual individuals often face unique challenges, including social, legal, and medical issues, making it less likely that they will have no problems and live a life very similar to that of other women.

Question 16

Which factor provides the best evidence that transgender individuals are not yet accepted in American society?

Accepted Answer

Transgender individuals experiencing higher rates of hate crimes than homosexuals indicates a significant level of societal discrimination and lack of acceptance.

Question 17

Which factor has most likely prevented the transgender community from achieving recognition, respect, and equal treatment under the law?

Accepted Answer

The transgender community is relatively small in number and has often been grouped with the broader gay rights movement, which can dilute specific issues and needs unique to transgender individuals, hindering their recognition and equal treatment under the law.

Question 18

A person is born male but identifies as female. This person chooses to have hormone therapy and sexual reassignment surgery. The most precise way to identify this person after the treatment is as

Accepted Answer

A person who transitions from male to female through hormone therapy and surgery is most accurately described as a transsexual female.

Question 19

A person is born a girl, but from a very young age, she hates her femaleness and identifies herself as male. As much as possible, she chooses male clothing, hairstyles, friendships, and activities. According to sexologists, this person's condition could best be described as

Accepted Answer

Gender dysphoria is the condition where a person experiences discomfort or distress because their gender identity differs from their sex assigned at birth.

Question 20

Which piece of data would provide the strongest evidence for the idea that transexuality has a biological basis?

Accepted Answer

The presence of a gene that occurs only in transexual individuals would provide strong evidence for a biological basis, as it suggests a genetic component specific to transexuality.

Quiz 4: Sex Development and Diversity